Whole blood transcriptome characterization of young female triathlon athletes following an endurance exercise: a pilot study.

The vast majority of studies focusing on the effects of endurance exercise on hematological parameters and leukocyte gene expression were performed in adult men, so our aim was to investigate these changes in young females. Four young (age 15.3 ± 1.

Caffeine Has Different Immunomodulatory Effect on the Cytokine Expression and NLRP3 Inflammasome Function in Various Human Macrophage Subpopulations.

Besides its well-known psychoactive effects, caffeine has a broad range of actions. It regulates several physiological mechanisms as well as modulates both native and adaptive immune responses by various ways. Although caffeine is assumed to be a negative regulator of inflammation, the effect on the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is highly controversial.

NLRC5 Functions beyond MHC I Regulation-What Do We Know So Far?

NLRC5 is a member of the NLR family that acts as a transcriptional activator of MHC class I genes. In line with the function of several related NLR proteins in innate immune responses, there is, however, also ample evidence that NLRC5 contributes to innate and adaptive immune responses beyond the regulation of MHC class I genes. In human and murine cells, for example, NLRC5 was proposed to contribute to inflammatory and type I interferon responses.

Immunogenic Dendritic Cell Generation from Pluripotent Stem Cells by Ectopic Expression of Runx3.

Application of dendritic cells (DCs) to prime responses to tumor Ags provides a promising approach to immunotherapy. However, only a limited number of DCs can be manufactured from adult precursors. In contrast, pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells represent an inexhaustible source for DC production, although it remains a major challenge to steer directional differentiation because ES cell-derived cells are typically immature with impaired functional capacity.