Patient Transfer with Kocher Forceps on the Axillary Artery: A Rare Case of Ongoing Iatrogenic Vascular Injury.

Iatrogenic trauma of the axillary artery by non-vascular surgeons can occur during various general surgical procedures such as resection of soft tissue tumors or axillary lymph node clearance. Prompt recognition, appropriate initial management, and rapid transfer to a tertiary vascular surgery service, if needed, are key steps to ensuring patient safety. Here we present a case of iatrogenic axillary artery injury during the resection of a recurrent soft tissue tumor in a local hospital.

Predictors of mortality of trauma patients admitted to the ICU: a retrospective observational study☆.

Background And Objectives: Worldwide, trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study is to identify the predictors of mortality of trauma patients requiring Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the ICU of our institution in Greece during a six-year period (2010-215).

Evidence for the efficacy of disulfiram and copper combination in glioblastoma multiforme - A propos of a case.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignancy of the central nervous system. Treatment usually involves a combination of surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but ultimately this condition is incurable. Besides the dismal prognosis of GBM, financial factors have also presented challenges for advancing treatments.

Risk factors for infection and predictors of mortality among patients with KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) infections in intensive care units (ICUs) are associated with increased mortality. We aimed to determine risk factors for infection and predictors of 30-day mortality in ICU patients with KPC-Kp bloodstream infections (BSI).

Methods: During a 26-month period, patients (n = 273) who stayed more than 6 days in the ICU of the University Hospital of Patras, Greece, were divided into 2 groups, those who developed KPC-Kp BSI and those who did not.

Unplanned extubation in critically ill adults: clinical review.

Aims And Objectives: To investigate and synthesize the evidence on the incidence and consequences of unplanned extubation (UE) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and on risk factors for UE.

Background: ICU patients generally spend considerable time being intubated via the endotracheal route. Non-planned endotracheal tube removal, either deliberate or accidental, may pose significant safety risks for them.

Clonidine pre-treatment prevents hemorrhagic shock-induced endotoxemia and oxidative stress in the gut, liver, and lungs of the rat.

Objectives: To study the effect of clonidine pre-treatment on hemorrhagic shock (H/S)-induced endotoxemia and oxidative stress (OS) in three vital organs of the rat.

Methods: The study protocol consisted of two arms: one for the measurement of organic hydroperoxide (LOOH) and superoxide radical (O(2)(-·)) production in the gut, liver, and lungs (n = 32 rats) and one for the measurement of endotoxin in portal and systemic circulation (n = 32 rats). Four animal groups (sham, clonidine, H/S, and clonidine-H/S group) were used in each arm.

Quantification of superoxide radical production in 4 vital organs of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the production of superoxide radical (O2-), a direct indicator of oxidative stress, in 4 vital organs of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock. For this purpose, and for the first time, a new quantitative assay for the ex vivo measurement of O2- via an established 1:1 molar relationship between O2- and 2-OH-ethidium was used. The production of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs), a standard method of evaluation of oxidative stress, was also used for reasons of comparison.

CYP2E1 and risk of chemically mediated cancers.

Importance Of The Field: Among various human CYPs, CYP2E1 is of particular interest because of its involvement in the metabolic activation of many low molecular mass procarcinogens. CYP2E1 induction, which may be a consequence of genetic polymorphism or/and gene induction by xenobiotics, is the first step leading to the development of certain chemically-mediated cancers. The aim of this review is to outline the current knowledge on chemically-induced cancers through activation by CYP2E1, with emphasis on the association between polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene and incidence of different neoplasias.

Patient and/or family controlled palliative sedation with midazolam for intractable symptom control: a case series.

Introduction: Our case series prospectively evaluate the concept of Patient/Family-Controlled Sedation with midazolam, as an alternative to sedation by continuous infusion in terminal cancer patients.

Cases Presentation: Our method was applied in 8 pts. Midazolam was administered in a Patient Control Analgesia mode.