BCL2i-Based Therapies and Emerging Resistance in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Overexpression of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 is a key factor in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Therapeutic activation of apoptosis in cancer cells using the BCL-2 inhibitor (BCL2i) venetoclax has shown remarkable efficacy in clinical trials, both as monotherapy and combination regimens. However, patients with CLL experience a highly variable clinical course, facing significant challenges in advanced stages due to disease relapse and the emergence of resistant clones.

Factors Associated With Enrollment into Inpatient Coronavirus Disease 2019 Randomized Controlled Trials: A Cross-sectional Analysis.

Background: Clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have struggled to achieve diverse patient enrollment, despite underrepresented groups bearing the largest burden of the disease and, presumably, being most in need of the treatments under investigation.

Methods: To assess the willingness of patients to enroll into inpatient COVID-19 clinical trials when invited, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of adults hospitalized with COVID-19 who were approached regarding enrollment. Associations between patient and temporal factors and enrollment were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

A Pilot Trial of Thymalfasin (Thymosin-α-1) to Treat Hospitalized Patients With Hypoxemia and Lymphocytopenia Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection.

Background: Thymosin-α-1 (Tα1) may be a treatment option for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but efficacy and safety data remain limited.

Methods: Prospective, open-label, randomized trial assessing preliminary efficacy and safety of thymalfasin (synthetic form of Tα1), compared with the standard of care, among hospitalized patients with hypoxemia and lymphocytopenia due to COVID-19.

Results: A total of 49 patients were included in this analysis.

Clinical Outcomes of Adult Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 after Vaccination.

Vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent COVID-19. The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence of COVID-19 hospitalizations after vaccination, as well as the effect of prior vaccination on hospitalization outcomes among patients with COVID-19. We analyzed and compared all consecutive patients, with or without prior vaccination, who were admitted to our hospital network due to COVID-19 from January to April 2021.

Impact of Influenza Infection Among Adult and Pediatric Populations With Hematologic Malignancy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Influenza is increasingly recognized as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the impact of influenza on this population has not been previously evaluated in a systematic review. This study systematically reviewed and summarized the outcomes of influenza infection as to in-hospital influenza-related mortality, development of lower respiratory tract infection and acute respiratory distress syndrome, need for hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilation.

Clinical Presentation, Course, and Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in a Severe Outbreak of COVID-19 in Rhode Island, USA, April-June 2020.

Long-term care facilities (LTCFs) have had a disproportionally high mortality rate due to COVID-19. We describe a rapidly escalating COVID-19 outbreak among 116 LTCF residents in Rhode Island, USA. Overall, 111 (95.

Readmissions among patients with COVID-19.

Background: Hospital readmissions are associated with poor patient outcomes and increased health resource utilisation. The need to study readmission patterns is even bigger during a pandemic because the burden is further stretching the healthcare system.

Methods: We reviewed the initial hospitalisation and subsequent readmission for 19 patients with confirmed COVID-19 in the largest statewide hospital network in Rhode Island, US, from March 1st through April 19th, 2020.

Emerging Technologies for Use in the Study, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health and economic worldwide crisis. Innovative solutions are imperative given limited resources and immediate need for medical supplies, healthcare support and treatments.

Aim: The purpose of this review is to summarize emerging technologies being implemented in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19.

Hydroxychloroquine use in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: An observational matched cohort study.

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin) in hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19.

Methods: We utilized a hospital based prospective data registry. The primary end point was to assess the impact of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin, on outcome, length of hospitalization, and time to clinical improvement.

In MRSA bacteremia, adding a β-lactam to usual care did not improve a composite outcome at 90 days.

Tong SY, Lye DC, Yahav D, et al. JAMA. 2020;323:527-37.

In utero exposure to systemic antibiotics vs reference penicillins was not linked to congenital malformations.

Damkier P, Brønniche LM, Korch-Frandsen JF, Broe A. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019;221:648.