Traditionally, Taonga tuku iho (Māori ancestral treasures) circulated within complex political, social, and economic landscapes. From the late eighteenth century, however, the influx of Pākehā (non-Māori) resulted in tens of thousands of artworks moving out of Māori communities and into museums overseas. This article considers the dilemma of how to reconnect taonga Māori with whānau (family), hapū (sub-tribe), and iwi (tribe).
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