Streamlining electronic reporting of serious adverse events (SAEs) using the REDCap data collection system: the eSAE Project.

Background: It is essential that electronic data collection (EDC) systems are both compliant with regulations and the principles of Good Clinical Practice (GCP) to allow for the timely and accurate reporting of data including safety data. For clinical trials of investigational medicinal products (CTIMPs), investigators must immediately report to the sponsor any serious adverse event (SAE) that occurs in a site for which they are responsible. It is therefore expected that sponsors provide systems for timely review and reporting should a SAE be classified as a suspected unexpected serious adverse reaction (SUSAR).

Maternal versus environmental contributions to the piglet pioneer microbiome.

The pioneer microbiome is the initial colonization and establishment of microorganisms within the neonate. The objective of this project was to quantify maternal and environmental contributions to the piglet's pioneer microbiome. Sterile swabs were used to collect samples from the gilt's rectum, the farrowing crate before and after gilts were moved in, the gilt's birth canal during farrowing, and the piglet's rectum on days 0 (prior to suckling), 3, and 10 post-farrowing and at weaning (21.

Dental unit waterline infection control practice and knowledge gaps.

Background: Dental unit waterline (DWL) infection control is critical to infection prevention. Identifying challenges and barriers to its implementation is a first step toward understanding how to improve engagement.

Methods: A survey was distributed to dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants via the Qualtrics XM platform (Qualtrics).

ASAP: A pharmacy-level intervention to increase nonprescription syringe sales to reduce bloodborne illnesses.

Background: Pharmacy syringe sales are effective structural interventions to reduce bloodborne illnesses in populations, and are legal in all but two states. Yet evidence indicates reduced syringe sales in recent years. This study was designed as a feasibility test of an intervention to promote syringe sales by pharmacies in Arizona.

Correction: Implementation Documentation and Process Assessment of the PharmNet Intervention: Observational Report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/54077.].

Capacity building to address antimicrobial resistance in remote Australia: The inaugural HOT NORTH Antimicrobial Academy.

Background: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) for some pathogens in Australia are considerably higher in rural and remote compared to urban regions. The inaugural Hot North Antimicrobial Academy was a 9-month educational programme aimed to build workforce knowledge and capacity in antimicrobial use, audit, stewardship, surveillance and drug resistance in remote primary health care.

Methods: The Academy was advertised to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, regional and remote healthcare workers.

Authorship of Publications Supported by NCI-Funded Grants Involving Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Importance: Scientific publication is an important tool for knowledge dissemination and career advancement, but authors affiliated with institutions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are historically underrepresented on publications.

Objective: To assess the country income level distribution of author affiliations for publications resulting from National Cancer Institute (NCI)-supported extramural grants between 2015 and 2019, with international collaborating institutions exclusively in 1 or more LMICs.

Design And Setting: This cross-sectional study assessed authorship on publications resulting from NCI-funded grants between October 1, 2015, and September 30, 2019.

Implementation Documentation and Process Assessment of the PharmNet Intervention: Observational Report.

Background: The number of overdose deaths in the United States involving opioids continues to exceed 100,000 per year. This has precipitated ongoing declarations of a public health emergency. Harm reduction approaches, such as promoting awareness of, ensuring access to, and fostering willingness to use naloxone to reverse opioid overdose, are a key component of a larger national strategy to address the crisis.

Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment on COVID-19 vaccine response in people with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial.

Background: Methotrexate is the first-line treatment for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and reduces vaccine-induced immunity. We evaluated if a 2-week interruption of methotrexate treatment immediately after COVID-19 booster vaccination improved antibody response against the S1 receptor binding domain (S1-RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and live SARS-CoV-2 neutralisation compared with uninterrupted treatment in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Method: We did a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised, superiority trial in secondary-care rheumatology and dermatology clinics in 26 hospitals in the UK.

Subspecialty Clinic Scheduling for Emergency Room Follow-ups: A Focus on Provider Satisfaction.

Inaccurate patient scheduling disrupts the continuity of care between patient and provider, diminishing satisfaction. One clinic had 19% of patients scheduled incorrectly after follow-up from emergency room visits. The purpose of this project was to reduce the number of incorrectly scheduled patients following up from emergency room visits that required orthopaedic consultations from advanced practice providers (APPs) and monitor the impact the change process had on APP job satisfaction.

Elucidating determinants of medication disposal programs at retail pharmacies in North Carolina.

Background: Pharmacy-based medication disposal programs is one approach to prevent diversion of unused prescription opioids.

Objective(s): The objective of this study was to assess the extent to which disposal programs have been implemented by retail pharmacies and identify determinants of implementation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Methods: A sequential mixed-method design was used to examine implementation of medication disposal programs at pharmacies in Pitt County, NC.

Global oncology research and training at US National Cancer Institute-designated cancer centres: results of the 2021 Global Oncology Survey.

Global oncology research and training are crucial to address the growing global burden of cancer, which largely and increasingly occurs in low-income and middle-income countries. To better understand global oncology activities at the 71 National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centres, the US NCI Centre for Global Health regularly surveys cancer centre directors, global oncology leads, and principal investigators in 36 US states and the District of Columbia. The survey results complement internal and publicly available data about global oncology research funded directly by the US National Institutes of Health to provide a comprehensive catalogue of global oncology research, training, and activities led by NCI-designated cancer centres.

Posterior dental restoration material choices in privately insured people in the United States, 2017 through 2019.

Background: In the context of evolving dental materials and techniques and a national agenda to phasedown use of dental amalgam, estimates of dental amalgam placement are necessary for monitoring purposes.

Methods: Numbers of amalgam and composite posterior restorations from 2017 through 2019 were calculated using retrospective dental claims analysis of privately insured patients. Kruskal-Wallis and multilevel, multivariable negative binomial regression models were used to test for differences in rates of amalgam and composite restoration placement by age group, sex, urban or rural area, and percentage race and ethnicity area distribution.

Enlargement of the Nerve Fibers of Silenced Lumbosacral Motoneurons in Cats.

Whether neuromuscular activity influences the size of motor nerves is controversial. All neuromuscular activity in cat hindlimbs was eliminated by spinal cord isolation (SCI), namely, spinal cord transection above and below the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus (SOL) motoneuron pools and L5-S3 dorsal root transection. MG, SOL and sural (SUR) nerves were removed for size measurements, eight months after SCI surgery and from age-matched control cats.

The PharmNet Harm Reduction Intervention for Community Pharmacies: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The overdose epidemic in the United States has continued to worsen despite substantial efforts to mitigate its harms. The opioid antagonist naloxone has been identified as a key means of reducing the prevalence of fatal overdoses. An important evidence-based approach to optimizing naloxone's impact is to seed it throughout the community, because bystanders are often able to reverse overdoses more quickly than first responders and sometimes are the only possible means of overdose reversal.

Pilot implementation of the PharmNet naloxone program in an independent pharmacy.

Background: The U.S. overdose epidemic has continued to escalate with more than 100,000 deaths per year in the past several years, most of which involve opioids.

United States Dental Health Care Workers' Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and understand factors influencing mental health among dental health care workers (DHCWs) in the United States (US) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Beginning in June 2020, dentists (DDS) and dental hygienists (DH) in the US were invited to participate monthly in an anonymous, longitudinal, web-based survey. The Patient Health Questionaire-4 (PHQ-4) was used to estimate rates of anxiety and depression symptoms.

US dental health care workers' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and understand factors influencing mental health among dental health care workers (DHCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Beginning in June 2020, 8,902 DHCWs participated monthly in an anonymous longitudinal, web-based survey (response rate, 6.7%).

Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment versus continued treatment on COVID-19 booster vaccine immunity in adults with inflammatory conditions (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial.

Background: Immunosuppressive treatments inhibit vaccine-induced immunity against SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated whether a 2-week interruption of methotrexate treatment immediately after the COVID-19 vaccine booster improved antibody responses against the S1 receptor-binding domain (S1-RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein compared with uninterrupted treatment in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Methods: We did an open-label, prospective, two-arm, parallel-group, multicentre, randomised, controlled, superiority trial in 26 hospitals in the UK.

The Development of Global Cancer Research at the United States National Cancer Institute.

International research and collaboration has been a part of the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) mission since its creation in 1937. Early on, efforts were limited to international exchange of information to ensure that US cancer patients could benefit from advances in other countries. As NCI's research grant portfolio grew in the 1950s, it included a modest number of grants to foreign institutions, primarily in the United Kingdom and Europe.

Beliefs and misperceptions about naloxone and overdose among U.S. laypersons: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) to laypersons are key approaches to reduce the incidence of opioid-involved overdoses. While some research has examined attitudes toward OEND, especially among pharmacists and first responders, our understanding of what laypersons believe about overdose and naloxone is surprisingly limited. Further, some scholars have expressed concerns about the prevalence of non-evidence-based beliefs about overdose and naloxone.