[Evaluation of bone mineral density in children with vertical infection by HIV].

Unlabelled: Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) are common in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There are few studies evaluating bone involvement in children infected.

Objective: To evaluate BMD in vertically HIV-infected children.

[HIV/AIDS infection in children and adolescents: Chilean cohort 1987-2014].

The present document describes the Cohort of HIV/AIDS children detected in Chile from 1987 to August 2014 and the effectiveness of the Protocol for Prevention of Vertical Transmission (PPVT) of HIV infection. Of the 375 HIV infected children enrolled since 1987 to August 2014, 245 of them are still in pediatric control. From the analysis of the Cohort is inferred that: a) it has observed an improvement in the detection of the HIV infected child, in number and precocious time; b) the majority of these children continue to be detected by clinic symptoms and signs (mainly unspecific and infectious manifestations); c) the ARVT use has meant a clinic and immunologic improvement with diminution of the infections, principally opportunistic infections, with a better life quality, a prolongation of survival and a diminution of lethality; d) as more survival has been produced, cancer has begun to be detected, a very infrequent complication observed in them before the ARVT use.

[Young women with HIV infection acquired by vertical transmission: Expectations of having uninfected children].

Introduction: Pediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART), changed the prognosis of the disease, allowing young women infected by vertical transmission (TV) to be pregnant without risk for their fetus of acquiring this infection.

Aim: To describe the clinical-immune status in pregnant women that acquired HV by vertical transmission, treatments received, monitoring of pregnancy and newborn characteristics.

Material And Methods: A protocol was performed, evaluating clinical and immunological parameters during pregnancy, ART used, protocol preventing vertical transmission (PPTV), and follow up of children to 18 months of age.

[Incidence of cancer in Chilean HIV-infected children].

Background: Pediatric HIV (+) patients have a 100 times greater risk of cancer than HIV (-) children.

Objective: To describe in Chilean HIV (+) children, cancer types, its appearance in relation to the stages of HIV disease and mortality.

Methods: A protocol was created to know some characteristics of these patients from the point of view of their HIV infection and cancer pathology.

[Human immunodeficiency virus infection in children and adolescents: more of 25 years in Chile].

In this article, the following topics about pediatric HIV infection and AIDS are summarized: a description of pathogenic and clinical aspects of HIV infection in children, the clues for its suspicion, the preventive strategies to avoid the vertical transmission of HIV, the study to certify or to rule out the HIV infection in infants and children, the main recommendations of antiretroviral treatment and how to prevent and treat manifestations of HIV infection. Besides, the evolution in Chile of the pediatric HIV infection is described with details, since the first child detected with AIDS in 1987, infected by transfusion and the first infants (twin) diagnosed in 1989, infected by vertical twins transmission, to 2014, with the progress obtained, snags, hopes and challenges addressed.

[Premastication: a new way of transmitting HIV. First pediatric case reported in Chile].

The incorporation of the protocol to prevent vertical transmission (PMTCT) of HV in pregnant women has reduced the rate of HV transmission in children to less than 2%. In Chile, currently the diagnosis of HIV infection in children is rare. Thus, one positive finding should lead us to audit compliance of the PMTCT and if this has been fully implemented should be reviewed other possible routes of HIV transmission.

[Cytomegalovirus disease in HIV-1 infected Chilean children].

Unlabelled: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a frequent opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected children associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and impact of CMV disease in a prospective ly followed cohort of HIV-1 infected Chilean children. CMV disease was diagnosed in 28 out of 222 HIV infected children (12.

Linezolid for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in children.

Background: Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are becoming increasingly prevalent. Linezolid is effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of adults with MRSA infections.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of iv/oral linezolid in children with MRSA infections.

Linezolid versus vancomycin for treatment of resistant Gram-positive infections in children.

Background: Pediatric infections caused by resistant Gram-positive infections are an increasing concern with limited treatment options. Linezolid, a new oxazolidinone, is active against staphylococci, streptococci and enterococci.

Objective: To assess clinical efficacy and safety of linezolid vs.

[Digestive pathology in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in Santiago de Chile].

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemiology has changed, affecting an increasing number of children. As in adults, the disease predominantly affects the digestive and respiratory systems.

Aim: To report the gastrointestinal problems in HIV infected pediatric patients.

[Verrucous endocarditis secondary to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A case report].

We report a preterm infant with 30 weeks of gestation, that received broad spectrum antimicrobials during the first days of life. At nine days of life, the infant appeared with abdominal distension and hematochezia. A systolic murmur with changing auscultatory features also appeared.