Head-to-head comparison of F-18 FDG PET/CT in radioidine refractory thyroid cancer patients with elevated versus suppressed TSH levels a pilot study.

Introduction: To perform a head-to-head comparison of the uptake pattern of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose in positron emission computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in radioiodine refractory thyroid carcinomas (RAIR) in the same patient under elevated TSH levels (TSH) and suppressed TSH levels (TSH).

Methods: FDG PET/CT studies were performed under two conditions: levothyroxine intake (TSH) and 30 days after hormonal withdrawal (TSH). SUVmax values and the number of lesions detected (local recurrence and metastases in cervical and distant lymph nodes, lungs and bone) where blindly evaluated.

Is True Whole-Body F-FDG PET/CT Required in Pediatric Lymphoma? An IAEA Multicenter Prospective Study.

Guidelines recommend true whole-body F-FDG PET/CT scans from vertex to toes in pediatric lymphoma patients, although this suggestion has not been validated in large clinical trials. The objective of the study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical impact of lesions outside the "eyes to thighs" regular field of view (R-FOV) in F-FDG PET/CT staging (sPET) and interim (iPET) scans in pediatric lymphoma patients. True whole-body sPET and iPET scans were prospectively obtained in pediatric lymphoma patients (11 worldwide centers).

Effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone in 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT of radioiodine-refractory thyroid carcinoma: a pilot study.

Background: Radioiodine-refractory thyroid carcinomas (RAIRs) are characterized by reduced expression of sodium-iodine symporter, rising serum thyroglobulin levels, and negative whole-body radioiodine scans. Interestingly, RAIRs continue to express somatostatin receptors and can be identified with Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare lesion detectability in Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT performed with elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (eTSH) levels with suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (sTSH) levels.

The Role of SPECT/CT Lymphoscintigraphy and Radioguided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Managing Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Importance: Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and radioguided sentinel lymph node biopsy (rSLNB) are techniques that could potentially benefit surgeons and pathologists in the identification of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Evidence suggests that these novel techniques lead to substantial changes in PTC management by reducing understaging and of occult lymph node (LN) metastases and optimizing neck surgery by increasing the necessity of lateral lymphadenectomy and decreasing central lymphadenectomy.

Objectives: To correlate the presence of LN metastases in PTC with clinical and pathological features using SPECT/CT and rSLNB.

Skeletal Tumor Burden on Baseline 18F-Fluoride PET/CT Predicts Bone Marrow Failure After 223Ra Therapy.

Purpose: Determine if skeletal tumor burden on 18F-fluoride PET/CT (fluoride PET/CT) predicts the risk of bone marrow failure (BMF) after 223Ra dichloride therapy (223Ra).

Methods: Forty-one metastatic prostate cancer patients (43-89 years old; mean, 71 ± 9 years.) underwent fluoride PET/CT prior to 223Ra.

Assessing the role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of soft tissue musculoskeletal malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Twelve years ago a meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic performance of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in assessing musculoskeletal soft tissue lesions (MsSTL). Currently, PET/CT has substituted PET imaging; however, there has not been any published meta-analysis on the use of PET/CT or a comparison of PET/CT with PET in the diagnosis of MsSTL. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to identify the current diagnostic performance of (18)F-FDG PET/CT and determine if there is added value when compared to PET.

Factors affecting (223)Ra therapy: clinical experience after 532 cycles from a single institution.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify baseline features that predict outcome in (223)Ra therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 110 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with (223)Ra. End points were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), bone event-free survival (BeFS), and bone marrow failure (BMF).

Determination of Skeletal Tumor Burden on 18F-Fluoride PET/CT.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to define a method to assess skeletal tumor burden with 18F-labeled sodium fluoride PET/CT (18F-fluoride PET/CT) and evaluate the reproducibility of these measurements.

Methods: Ninety-eight consecutive patients (90 men; mean age±SD, 65.7±14.

Prognostic Factors in Patients Treated with 223Ra: The Role of Skeletal Tumor Burden on Baseline 18F-Fluoride PET/CT in Predicting Overall Survival.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcome after (223)Ra dichloride therapy ((223)Ra) and to determine whether skeletal tumor burden on whole-body (18)F-fluoride PET/CT can be used as a predictive biomarker of survival in patients treated with (223)Ra.

Methods: Forty-two patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer underwent (223)Ra and a baseline fluoride PET/CT scan. Fluoride PET/CT parameters were generated, including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the hottest lesion (hSUVmax), average SUV of disease (Mean10), and skeletal tumor burden indices of total fluoride skeletal metastatic lesion uptake (TLF10) and total volume of fluoride avid bone metastases (FTV10).

Polymorphism in LEP and LEPR May Modify Leptin Levels and Represent Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer.

Purpose. To understand the role of polymorphisms in the LEP (rs7799039 and rs2167270) and LEPR (rs1137101 and rs1137100) genes in DTC susceptibility and their effect on leptin levels. Methods.

68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, 99mTc-HYNIC-octreotide SPECT/CT, and whole-body MR imaging in detection of neuroendocrine tumors: a prospective trial.

Unlabelled: There are different metabolic imaging methods, various tracers, and emerging anatomic modalities to stage neuroendocrine tumor (NET). We aimed to compare NET lesion detectability among (99m)Tc-hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC)-octreotide (somatostatin receptor scintigraphy [SSRS]) SPECT/CT, (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, and whole-body diffusion-weighted MR imaging (WB DWI).

Methods: Nineteen consecutive patients (34-77 y old; mean, 54.

Is thyroid stunning clinically relevant? A retrospective analysis of 208 patients.

Objective: Current guidelines have advised against the performance of (131)I-iodide diagnostic whole body scintigraphy (dxWBS) to minimize the occurrence of stunning, and to guarantee the efficiency of radioiodine therapy (RIT). The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of stunning on the efficacy of RIT and disease outcome.

Subjects And Methods: This retrospective analysis included 208 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer managed according to a same protocol and followed up for 12-159 months (mean 30 ± 69 months).

Brain Perfusion Impairment in Neurologically Asymptomatic Adult Patients with Sickle-Cell Disease Shown by Voxel-Based Analysis of SPECT Images.

Cerebrovascular lesions are frequently observed in patients with sickle-cell disease (SCD) and these structural lesions are preceded by insidious perfusion deficits. Our aim was to investigate the presence of brain perfusion deficits in neurologically asymptomatic SCD patients, especially affecting microvessels. For this study, 42 SCD patients [33 sickle-cell anemia (HbSS), 6 sickle hemoglobin C disease (HbSC), and 3 sickle β-thalassemia disease (HbSβ)] with mean hematocrit of 25.

Evaluation of soft-tissue lesions with (18)F-FDG PET/CT: initial results of a prospective trial.

Purpose Of The Report: Although MRI is utilized for planning the resection of soft-tissue tumors, it is not always capable of differentiating benign from malignant lesions. The risk of local recurrence of soft-tissue sarcomas is increased when biopsies are performed before resection and by inadequate resections. PET associated with computed tomography using fluorodeoxyglucose labeled with fluorine-18 ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) may help differentiate between benign and malignant tumors, thus avoiding inadequate resections and making prior biopsies unnecessary.

99mTc-DISIDA uptake in liver lesion and pulmonary metastases shown on SPECT/CT in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma.

A 43-year-old man, previously submitted to right hepatectomy, right hepatic artery chemoembolization, and surgical resection of liver lesions, with well-differentiated and moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) confirmed by histopathology, underwent cholescintigraphy with Tc diisopropyliminodiacetic acid (Tc-DISIDA) due to recurrent cholangitis. The scintigraphic images and the coregistered CT images showed radiotracer uptake in an area of biliary ectasia near the hepatic surface (which may be associated with recurrent cholangitis), in a hepatic nodule, and in multiple pulmonary metastases.

¹⁸F-Fluoride PET/CT is highly effective for excluding bone metastases even in patients with equivocal bone scintigraphy.

Purpose: Bone scintigraphy (BS) has been used extensively for many years for the diagnosis of bone metastases despite its low specificity and significant rate of equivocal lesions. (18)F-Fluoride PET/CT has been proven to have a high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of malignant bone lesions, but its effectiveness in patients with inconclusive lesions on BS is not well documented. This study evaluated the ability of (18)F-fluoride PET/CT to exclude bone metastases in patients with various malignant primary tumours and nonspecific findings on BS.

Predictive factors of failure in a fixed 15 mCi 131I-iodide therapy for Graves' disease.

Purpose: To investigate the factors influencing the success rate in a fixed, 15 mCi approach for treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism.

Material And Methods: The thyroid function outcome (hyperthyroidism or euthyroidism/hypothyroidism) was verified at least 1 year after radioiodine therapy (RIT) retrospectively and compared with presenting clinical characteristics and pre-RIT parameters in 87 patients treated with I-iodide for Graves' disease in a tertiary care center.

Results: After RIT, 16 patients (18.

Functional electrical stimulation improves brain perfusion in cranial trauma patients.

Objective: Demonstrate brain perfusion changes due to neuronal activation after functional electrical stimulation (FES).

Method: It was studied 14 patients with hemiplegia who were submitted to a program with FES during fourteen weeks. Brain perfusion SPECT was performed before and after FES therapy.

Cumulative doses of radioiodine in the treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: knowing when to stop.

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of cumulative doses (CDs) of 131I-iodide therapy (RIT) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Subjects And Methods: The probability of progressive disease according to CDs was evaluated in patients < 45 years old and > 45 years old and correlated to tumor-node-metastasis (TNM), thyroglobulin values, histological types and variants, age, and zduration of the disease.

Results: At the end of a follow-up period of 69 ± 56 months, 85 out of 150 DTC patients submitted to fixed doses RIT had no evidence of disease, 47 had stable disease and 18 had progressive disease.

Impact of [F-18] FDG-PET/CT in the restaging and management of patients with malignant melanoma.

Purpose: To assess the impact of [F-18] FDG-PET/CT on the restaging and changing management of patients with malignant melanoma.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients (32 female, 27-83 years) were reviewed. Treatment planning before and after [F-18] FDG-PET/CT scan was evaluated for changes in the management of the disease.

Brain hypoperfusion in adolescents dependent of multiple drugs.

Unlabelled: Brain SPECT imaging (BSI) with statistical parametric mapping (SPM) offers a clear and accurate vision of perfusion changes.

Objective: To study brain perfusion abnormalities in adolescents' dependent of multiple drugs.

Method: Sixteen male patients (15.

Brain SPECT in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: comparison between visual analysis and SPM.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of SPM and visual analysis of brain SPECT in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).

Method: Interictal and ictal SPECTs of 22 patients with MTLE were performed. Visual analysis were performed in interictal (VISUAL(inter)) and ictal (VISUAL(ictal/inter)) studies.

Tc-99m sestamibi thyroid imaging in patients on chronic amiodarone treatment: a comparison with Tc-99m pertechnetate imaging.

Purpose Of The Report: To compare thyroid imaging using Tc-99m sestamibi with the standard Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy in patients on chronic use of amiodarone.

Materials And Methods: A total of 23 patients on oral amiodarone for at least 4 months had thyroid scintigraphy and uptake measurement using Tc-99m pertechnetate and Tc-99m sestamibi. Thyroid function was evaluated by measuring serum concentrations of thyrotropin, free thyroxine, and free triiodothyronine, and antithyroglobulin and antithyroperoxidase antibodies.

Technetium-99m-L,L-ethylenedicysteine is more effective than technetium-99m diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid for excluding obstruction in patients with pyelocalicinal dilation.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of diuretic dynamic renal scintigraphy (DDRS) with technetium-99m-L,L-ethylenedicysteine ((99m)Tc-EC) in patients with indeterminate or possible false-positive results for urinary obstruction by technetium-99m diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA) DDRS.

Methods: A total of 92 patients (63 male; mean age, 16.6 +/- 21.