Implementation of simulation training in the Intensive Care Units (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review.

Introduction: In response to the important influx of critically ill patients as well as resources limitation, simulation would be a tool ensuring the continuum of medical training.

Aim: To assess the impact of simulation training on both education and performance related to protocol development during COVID-19 pandemic, in critical care.

Methods: This scoping review was written in accordance with the PRISMA Guideline.

[Not Available].

Unlabelled: Introduction-Aim: The third cycle of medical studies (TCMS) lasts 3 years for the specialty of family medicine (FM) in Tunisia. The members of the FM committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Monastir (FMM) aimed to detail the learning objectives (LO) of residents in FM.

Method: We used the Delphi method in 2 rounds including a group of experts called FM Learning Objectives Writing Group (FMLOWG) at the FMM.

Scorpion envenomation: state of the art.

Scorpion envenomation is common in the tropical and subtropical regions. It poses a major public health problem with some patients having serious clinical manifestations and severe complications including death. Old World and New World scorpions are usually contrasted because of differences in venom composition, clinical presentation and severity, and, accordingly, different therapeutic approaches.

Incidence and Impact of Pulmonary Embolism During Severe COPD Exacerbation.

Background: Patients with COPD are at a high risk for pulmonary embolism (PE) because of systemic inflammation and co-existing comorbidities. We aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and impact of PE during COPD exacerbation requiring mechanical ventilation.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted between March 2013 and May 2017.

Comparison Between Continuous and Intermittent Administration of Hydrocortisone During Septic Shock: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives: The best modality of administration of hydrocortisone during septic shock has been poorly evaluated and the guidelines remain unclear in this respect. This study aimed to compare bolus of hydrocortisone to a continuous infusion during septic shock.

Design: Randomized controlled, open-label trial.

Haemodynamic response to crystalloids or colloids in shock: an exploratory subgroup analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the haemodynamic effect of crystalloids and colloids during acute severe hypovolaemic shock.

Design: Exploratory subgroup analysis of a multicentre randomised controlled trial (Colloids Versus Crystalloids for the Resuscitation of the Critically Ill, CRISTAL, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00318942).

Study of severe scorpion envenoming following subcutaneous venom injection into dogs: Hemodynamic and concentration/effect analysis.

To evaluate the dose-effects of Androctonus australis hector (Aah) venom injected subcutaneously on hemodynamics and neurohormonal secretions, 10 anesthetized and ventilated mongrel dogs, were split in two groups (n = 5/group). Subcutaneous injection was done with either 0.2 mg/kg or 0.

Scorpion-related cardiomyopathy: Clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment.

Context: Scorpion envenomation is a threat to more than 2 billion people worldwide with an annual sting number exceeding one million. Acute heart failure presenting as cardiogenic shock or pulmonary edema, or both is the most severe presentation of scorpion envenomation accounting for 0.27% lethality rate.

Effects of fluid resuscitation with colloids vs crystalloids on mortality in critically ill patients presenting with hypovolemic shock: the CRISTAL randomized trial.

Importance: Evidence supporting the choice of intravenous colloid vs crystalloid solutions for management of hypovolemic shock remains unclear.

Objective: To test whether use of colloids compared with crystalloids for fluid resuscitation alters mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with hypovolemic shock.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial stratified by case mix (sepsis, trauma, or hypovolemic shock without sepsis or trauma).

Prednisone in COPD exacerbation requiring ventilatory support: an open-label randomised evaluation.

Recommendation of the use of systemic steroids in chronic obstructive disease (COPD) exacerbation rely on trials that excluded patients requiring ventilatory support. In an open-label, randomised evaluation of oral prednisone administration, 217 patients with acute COPD exacerbation requiring ventilatory support were randomised (with stratification on the type of ventilation) to usual care (n=106) or to receive a daily dose of prednisone (1 mg·kg(-1)) for up to 10 days (n=111). There was no difference regarding the primary end-point, intensive care unit mortality, which was 17 (15.

N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide levels aid the diagnosis of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and renal dysfunction.

Background And Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels for the diagnosis of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and renal dysfunction.

Methods: NT-proBNP levels at admission were measured in consecutive patients admitted to two participating intensive care units with acute exacerbations of COPD. Left ventricular dysfunction was assessed on the basis of clinical and echocardiographic criteria.

Noninvasive ventilation and weaning in patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure: a randomized multicenter trial.

Rationale: The use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) as an early weaning/extubation technique from mechanical ventilation remains controversial.

Objectives: To investigate NIV effectiveness as an early weaning/extubation technique in difficult-to-wean patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure (CHRF).

Methods: In 13 intensive care units, 208 patients with CHRF intubated for acute respiratory failure (ARF) who failed a first spontaneous breathing trial were randomly assigned to three groups: conventional invasive weaning group (n = 69), extubation followed by standard oxygen therapy (n = 70), or NIV (n = 69).

Meta-analysis of controlled studies on immunotherapy in severe scorpion envenomation.

Background: Despite conflicting evidence, specific serotherapy is recommended for scorpion envenomation.

Methods: A meta-analysis of prospective or observational controlled studies, comparing intravenous scorpion antivenin (SAV) with control, was performed. Binary outcomes are reported as risk difference for clinical improvement and mortality rates.

Standard versus newer antibacterial agents in the treatment of severe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus ciprofloxacin.

BACKGROUND. Although the use of antibiotics in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is largely accepted, controversy remains regarding whether the choice of antibiotic has any impact on outcome. Our aim was to compare the effects of the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin in patients treated for severe COPD exacerbation requiring mechanical ventilation.

The effect of prone positioning in acute respiratory distress syndrome or acute lung injury: a meta-analysis. Areas of uncertainty and recommendations for research.

Objective: To compare the effects of ventilation in prone and in supine position in patients with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS).

Design: Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Data Sources: BioMedCentral, PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase (to November 2007), with additional information from authors.

A clinical score predicting the need for hospitalization in scorpion envenomation.

Objective: Predicting complications is a clinical challenge in the assessment of victims of scorpion envenomation (SE). We sought to develop a clinical score to predict need for hospitalization after scorpion sting.

Methods: We prospectively collected data in patients attending the emergency department after SE in derivation (n = 868) and validation groups (n = 435).

Effects of norepinephrine on static and dynamic preload indicators in experimental hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: To investigate the effect of norepinephrine on static (right atrial pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure ) and dynamic (pulse pressure variation and arterial systolic pressure variation) preload indicators in experimental hemorrhagic shock.

Design: Prospective controlled experimental study.

Setting: Animal research laboratory.

Neurohormonal activation in severe scorpion envenomation: correlation with hemodynamics and circulating toxin.

We studied the effects of scorpion (Androctonus australis hector) venom on hemodynamics and on the release of catecholamines, neuropeptide Y (NPY), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in dog model of severe scorpion envenomation. Nine mongrel anesthetized dogs were submitted to mechanical ventilation through intubation and were administered intravenously purified dried scorpion venom (Androctonus autstralis) 0.05 mg/kg.

Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: agreement between quantitative cultures of endotracheal aspiration and plugged telescoping catheter.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic agreement between quantitative cultures of samples obtained with endotracheal aspiration (ETA) and plugged telescoping catheter (PTC).

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Medical ICU.