Trajectory of body mass index and obesity in children with Crohn's disease compared to healthy children.

Background: There is increasing recognition that children with Crohn's Disease (CD) can develop obesity.

Methods: Using the RISK Study, an inception cohort of pediatric CD participants, and Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS), a longitudinal cohort of healthy children, multivariable linear mixed effects, generalized linear mixed effects, and logistic regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with change in body mass index z-score (BMIZ), obesity, and excessive weight gain, respectively.

Results: 1029 CD participants (625 exposed to antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy) and 1880 healthy children were included.

Health Care Maintenance in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Patients with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD) are at an increased risk for complications and comorbidities including infection, nutritional deficiencies, growth delay, bone disease, eye disease, malignancy, and psychologic disorders. Preventative health maintenance and monitoring is an important part to caring for patients with pIBD. Although practice is variable and published study within pIBD is limited, this article summarizes the important field of health-care maintenance in pIBD.

Clinical and lifestyle patterns in Asian children with inflammatory bowel disease in the U.S.

Background: While there are many epidemiologic studies of Asian immigrants to the West and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the phenotype and lifestyle of Asian patients, particularly children, with IBD are not well described. In this study, we describe lifestyle practices, such as dietary pattern, as well as disease phenotype in Asian American children with IBD.

Methods: We reviewed the records of children with IBD, ages 0 to 21 years old, and race identified as Asian, Indian, or Pacific Islander.

Tofacitinib Salvage Therapy for Children Hospitalized for Corticosteroid- and Biologic-Refractory Ulcerative Colitis.

Objectives: Colectomy rates following acute severe ulcerative colitis have plateaued around 20% despite intravenous corticosteroid and intensified anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) biologic dosing. Recent studies have shown tofacitinib to provide additional benefit in further decreasing colectomy rates among hospitalized adult patients with corticosteroid- and anti-TNF-nonresponsive ulcerative colitis. Pediatric data describing the effectiveness of tofacitinib for this indication does not yet exist.

Pediatric Management of Crohn's Disease.

Pediatric Crohn's disease is often more severe, requires higher levels of immunosuppression, and is associated with greater morbidity compared with adult Crohn's disease. Unique considerations in pediatric Crohn's disease include growth impairment, pubertal delay, bone disease, longevity of disease burden, and psychosocial impact. Treatment options are limited, requiring off-label use of therapy in this challenging patient population.

Venous Thromboembolism in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Control Study.

Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite this recognized risk, there are limited data and no anticoagulation guidelines for hospitalized pediatric IBD patients. The objectives of this study were to characterize pediatric IBD patients with VTE and determine risk factors.

Sex Hormone Relations to Histologic Severity of Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Context: Sex hormones have been linked with presence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults, but it is unknown if they affect severity of pediatric NAFLD.

Objective: To examine associations of circulating SHBG, estrogens, and androgens with key histologic features of pediatric, biopsy-confirmed NAFLD.

Design: Baseline assessment of longitudinal cohorts and randomized clinical trials.

High prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations with loss of heterozygosity in a series of resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other neoplastic lesions.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with the breast ovarian cancer syndrome (BRCA1/BRCA2) mutations. It is unknown if this association is causal.

Experimental Design: This is a single-site study of patients who underwent surgical pancreatic tumor resection and self-identified as Ashkenazi Jewish.

Incidence of subsequent pancreatic adenocarcinoma in patients with a history of nonpancreatic primary cancers.

Background: Several environmental risk factors are known to predispose individuals to pancreatic cancer, and up to 15% of pancreatic cancers have an inherited component. Understanding metachronous cancer associations can modify pancreas cancer risk. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of nonpancreatic cancers with subsequent pancreatic adenocarcinoma.