Angiographic factors associated with haemorrhagic presentation of brain arteriovenous malformation in a Chinese paediatric population.

Objective: To identify specific angiographic factors associated with haemorrhagic presentation of brain arteriovenous malformation in Chinese paediatric patients.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: Four locoregional tertiary neurosurgical centres in Hong Kong: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Tuen Mun Hospital, Kwong Wah Hospital, and Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital.

PIN1 inhibits apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma through modulation of the antiapoptotic function of survivin.

PIN1, a peptidyl-prolyl-isomerase, binds a specific motif comprising a phosphorylated serine or threonine preceding a proline (p-Ser/Thr-Pro) residue in proteins. Through cis-trans isomerization, it induces conformational changes and modulates functions of many proteins that are involved in cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and oncogenesis. PIN1 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis.