Risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications and prolonged hospital stay in pulmonary resection patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications are the main cause of morbidity and mortality after pulmonary resection. This study was undertaken to determine the risk factors associated with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and length of hospital stay (LOS) in pulmonary resection patients in a tertiary teaching hospital in Brazil.

Methods: A retrospective data gathering from 196 patients who underwent pulmonary resection between 2012 and 2016 was conducted.

Challenges and perspectives in porcine model of acute lung injury using oleic acid.

The oleic acid (OA) models of lung injury try to simulate the findings of human Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). However, these models are difficult to replicate because they vary in terms of animals species, OA doses, time for establishment of lung injury, different observation periods and settings of mechanical ventilation. The objective of this study was to evaluate a protocol of administration of OA in lung injury model, challenges in its development and its effects on respiratory mechanics, hemodynamic changes, histology, gas exchange and mortality.

Proposition of a Shared and Value-Oriented Work Structure for Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment and Enterprise Risk Management Processes.

Background: Healthcare organizations have invested efforts on hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA) and enterprise risk management (ERM) processes for novel systems to obtain more accurate data on which to base strategic decisions. This study proposes to analyze how HB-HTA and ERM processes can share personal resources and skills to achieve principles with value-oriented results.

Methods: Literature on ERM and HB-HTA and data from interviews with healthcare managers compose the research data sources, which were submitted to a qualitative data analysis.

Evaluation of systemic inflammation in patients being weaned from mechanical ventilation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate systemic inflammatory factors and their relation to success or failure in a spontaneous ventilation test.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 54 adult patients. Demographic data and clinical parameters were collected, and blood samples were collected in the first minute of the spontaneous ventilation test to evaluate interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and C-reactive protein.

Perioperative mortality related to anesthesia within 48 h and up to 30 days following surgery: A retrospective cohort study of 11,562 anesthetic procedures.

Study Objective: Studying postoperative in-hospital mortality is crucial to the understanding of the perioperative process failures and to the implementation of strategies to improve patient outcomes. We intend to classify the causes of perioperative deaths up to 30 days after procedures requiring anesthesia and to evaluate the risk factors for early (48 h) or late (30 day) mortality.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

[Predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing elective surgery in a university hospital: a prospective cohort].

Introduction: Morbidity and mortality associated with urgent or emergency surgeries are high compared to elective procedures. Perioperative risk scores identify the non-elective character as an independent factor of complications and death. The present study aims to characterize the population undergoing non-elective surgeries at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and identify the clinical and surgical factors associated with death within 30 days postoperatively.

ERM for Health Care Organizations: An Economic Enterprise Risk Management Innovation Program (ERM).

Background: In recent years, health care organizations have looked to enterprise risk management (ERM) for novel systems to obtain more accurate data on which to base risk strategies.

Objective: This study proposes a conceptual ERM framework specifically designed for health care organizations.

Methods: We explore how hospitals in the United States and Brazil are structuring and implementing ERM processes within their management structure.

Changes in Purines Concentration in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Pregnant Women Experiencing Pain During Active Labor.

Labor pain has been reported as a severe pain and can be considered as a model of acute visceral pain. It is well known that extracellular purines have an important role in pain signaling in the central nervous system. This study analyzes the relationship between extracellular purines and pain perception during active labor.

The modified integrative weaning index as a predictor of extubation failure.

Introduction: The extubation period is one of the most challenging aspects for intensive care teams. Timely recognition of the return to spontaneous ventilation is essential for reducing costs, morbidity, and mortality. Several weaning predictors were studied in an attempt to evaluate the outcome of removing ventilatory support.

Effectiveness of diaphragmatic stimulation with single-channel electrodes in rabbits.

Every year, a large number of individuals become dependent on mechanical ventilation because of a loss of diaphragm function. The most common causes are cervical spinal trauma and neuromuscular diseases. We have developed an experimental model to evaluate the performance of electrical stimulation of the diaphragm in rabbits using single-channel electrodes implanted directly into the muscle.

Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure after porcine unilateral left lung transplant.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of 2 different levels of positive end-expiratory pressure on pigs who had unilateral lung transplants.

Materials And Methods: A left lung transplant was performed in 12 pigs. The animals were randomized into 2 groups based on positive end-expiratory pressure: group 1 (5 cm H(2)O) and group 2 (10 cm H(2)O).

Development of a new experimental model of intramuscular electrical stimulation of the diaphragm in rabbits.

Purpose: To develop an animal model of diaphragmatic electrical stimulation able to generate an appropriate ventilatory support through the direct implantation of electrodes in the diaphragm (electroventilation).

Methods: Six New Zealand female rabbits (2-3 kg) were placed on mechanical ventilation. Then, a laparotomy was performed in order to identify the motor points in each hemidiaphragm, followed by the implantation of the electrodes for diaphragmatic stimulation.

Ventilation strategy and its influence on the functional performance of lung grafts in an experimental model of single lung transplantation using non-heart-beating donors.

Objective: To compare the influence of two different ventilation strategies-volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV)-on the functional performance of lung grafts in a canine model of unilateral left lung transplantation using donor lungs harvested after three hours of normothermic cardiocirculatory arrest under mechanical ventilation.

Methods: The study comprised 40 mongrel dogs, randomized into two groups: VCV and PCV. Of the 20 recipients, 5 did not survive the transplant, and 5 died before the end of the post-transplant assessment period.