Methylene blue may have a role in the treatment of COVID-19.

In this paper, we raise the hypothesis that Methylene Blue may be a treatment option for Corona Virus Disease of 2019 specially when combined with Non Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. In previous publications including ours, the role of kininogen system has been postulated. A correlation between clinical findings of the disease and this mechanism has been drawn to denote a pivotal role of kininogen-kallikrein system in pathophysiology of the disease.

Risk Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Infants With Posterior Urethral Valve: A Single Center Study of 110 Patients Managed By Valve Ablation And Bladder Neck Incision.

Purpose: Concurrent valve ablation and bladder neck incision is suggested as an effective and safe treatment approach in posterior urethral valve children with prominent bladder neck. We evaluated chronic kidney disease risk factors in these children.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of children with posterior urethral valve and included those younger than 18 years old who underwent valve ablation and bladder neck incision at our institution.

Evaluation of the protective effect of pentoxifylline on carrageenan-induced chronic non-bacterial prostatitis in rats.

Chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP) is the most common type of prostatitis and oxidative stress (OS) was shown to be highly elevated in prostatitis patients. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on CNP induced by carrageenan in rats. Male adult Wistar rats (n = 30) were divided into control, CNP and three treatment groups (n = 6) including CNP + cernilton and CNP + PTX groups.

Factors affecting complications according to the modified Clavien classification in complete supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Introduction: An increase in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been accompanied by an increase in complications. We identified the parameters affecting the severity of complications using the modified Clavien classification (MCC).

Methods: From 2008 to 2013, 330 patients underwent complete supine PCNL using subcostal access, one-shot dilation, rigid nephroscopy, and pneumatic lithotripsy.

Transurethral intraprostatic injection of botulinum neurotoxin type A for the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: results of a prospective pilot double-blind and randomized placebo-controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT-A) on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) refractory to medical therapy.

Materials And Methods: Between November 2011 and January 2013, 60 men aged ≥18 years with CP/CPPS, and with National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) scores ≥10 and pain subscale scores ≥8, who were refractory to 4-6 weeks' medical therapy, underwent transurethral intraprostatic injection of BoNT-A or normal saline in a prospective pilot double-blind randomized study. The patients' NIH-CPSI total and subscale scores, American Urological Association (AUA)-symptom score (SS), visual analogue scale (VAS) and quality of life (QoL) scores and frequencies of diurnal and nocturnal urination were evaluated and compared at baseline and at 1, 3 and 6 months after injection and also were compared between the two groups.

Bipolar transurethral vaporization: a superior procedure in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective randomized comparison with bipolar TURP.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of bipolar transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP) with bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Materials And Methods: In a prospective randomized trial, 88 patients with moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) underwent bipolar TUVP (N = 39) or bipolar TURP (N = 49) from October 2010 to November 2011. The inclusion criteria were age > 50 years, prostate volume of 30-80 mL, serum PSA < 4 ng/mL, IPSS ≥ 20, Qmax ≤ 10 mL/s and failed medical therapy.

Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma mimicking right adrenal mass.

Ganglioneuroma is a rare benign tumor of the sympathetic nervous system that can arise from the adrenal medulla. Few reports have been published of the surgical resection of this rare tumor using a laparoscopic approach. We present a case of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma that mimicked an adrenal mass on imaging and was resected laparoscopically.