Aripiprazole-loaded niosome/chitosan-gold nanoparticles for breast cancer chemo-photo therapy.

Introduction: Breast cancer, a formidable global health challenge for women, necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies with enhanced efficacy and minimal side effects. Aripiprazole (ARI), a widely used schizophrenia medication, exhibits promising potential in the treatment of breast cancer. As cancer therapy evolves towards a combination approach, multimodal nano-based delivery systems, such as ARI-loaded niosomes (NIOs) combined with Chitosan-Au nanoparticles for chemo-photothermal therapy, show promise over traditional chemotherapy alone by enhancing targeted efficacy and minimizing side effects.

Biosensors for autoimmune diseases.

Diagnosis of autoimmune diseases (ADs) is usually based on symptoms and laboratory tests that measure the occurrence of serological and genetic biomarkers such as peptides, autoantibodies, and complement proteins. Early detection of AD is essential to reduce the severity of symptoms and organ damage as a result of progressive disease. Biosensors are tools that convert biochemical signals produced by molecular elements into optical, electrical, and other physical signals for analysis.

Notch Signaling Suppression by Golden Phytochemicals: Potential for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. Cancer cells are characterized by unregulated cellular processes, including proliferation, progression, and angiogenesis. The occurrence of these processes is due to the dysregulation of various signaling pathways such as NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), Wnt/beta-catenin, Notch signaling and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases).

Hyaluronic Acid-Targeted Niosomes for Effective Breast Cancer Chemostarvation Therapy.

Chemotherapy is widely used for cancer therapy; however, its efficacy is limited due to poor targeting specificity and severe side effects. Currently, the next generations of delivery systems with multitasking potential have attracted significant attention for cancer therapy. This study reports on the design and synthesis of a multifunctional nanoplatform based on niosomes (NIO) coloaded with paclitaxel (PTX), a chemotherapeutic drug commonly used to treat breast cancer, and sodium oxamate (SO), a glycolytic inhibitor to enhance the cytotoxicity of anticancer drug, along with quantum dots (QD) as bioimaging agents, and hyaluronic acid (HA) coating for active targeting.

Niosomes containing paclitaxel and gold nanoparticles with different coating agents for efficient chemo/photothermal therapy of breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women, and chemotherapy is usually used to overcome this cancer. To improve drug delivery to cancer sites and reduce their side effects, nanocarriers such as niosomes (NIOs) are used. Moreover, a combination of other therapeutic methods like photothermal therapy (PTT) can help to enhance the chemotherapy effect.

Astaxanthin-loaded alginate-chitosan gel beads activate and pro-apoptotic signalling pathways against oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in disease development. Astaxanthin (ATX), a valuable natural compound, may reduce OS and serve as a treatment for diseases like neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. regulates antioxidant enzymes and OS management.

A review of the therapeutic potential of dental stem cells as scaffold-free models for tissue engineering application.

In the realm of regenerative medicine, tissue engineering has introduced innovative approaches to facilitate tissue regeneration. Specifically, in pulp tissue engineering, both scaffold-based and scaffold-free techniques have been applied. Relevant articles were meticulously chosen from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases through a comprehensive search spanning from October 2022 to December 2022.

The Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cell Culture Models in the Study of Oral Cancer Immune Microenvironment.

The onset and progression of oral cancer are accompanied by a dynamic interaction with the host immune system, and the immune cells within the tumor microenvironment play a pivotal role in the development of the tumor. By exploring the cellular immunity of oral cancer, we can gain insight into the contribution of both tumor cells and immune cells to tumorigenesis. This understanding is crucial for developing effective immunotherapeutic strategies to combat oral cancer.

Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Anticancer Effect of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Containing Rutin and Curcumin.

Aims And Objective: The aim of this study was the preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-loaded with rutin and curcumin (Rut-Cur-MSNs) and the assessment of its physicochemical properties as well as its cytotoxicity on the head and neck cancer cells (HN5). Besides, ROS generation of HN5 cells exposed to Rut-Cur-MSNs was evaluated. Several investigations showed that rutin and curcumin have potential effects as anticancer phytochemicals; however, their low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability limited their applications.

Effect of Curcumin-containing Nanofibrous Gelatin-hydroxyapatite Scaffold on Proliferation and Early Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Background: In recent years, the electrospinning method has received attention because of its usage in producing a mimetic nanocomposite scaffold for tissue regeneration. Hydroxyapatite and gelatin are suitable materials for producing scaffolds, and curcumin has the osteogenesis induction effect.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and early osteogenic differentiation stimulation of nanofibrous gelatin-hydroxyapatite scaffold containing curcumin on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).

Current and Novel Emerging Medical Therapies for Peripheral Artery Disease: A Literature Review.

Despite the improvements in endovascular techniques during the last decades, there is still an increase in the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) with limited practical treatment, which timeline impact of any intervention for critical limb ischemia (CLI) is poor. Most common treatments are not suitable for many patients due to their underlying diseases, including aging and diabetes. On the one hand, there are limitations for current therapies due to the contraindications of some individuals, and on the other hand, there are many side effects caused by common medications, for instance, anticoagulants.

Co-Delivery of Cisplatin and Curcumin Using Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Improve their Anticancer Effects.

Aims: This study aimed to prepare and evaluate the physicochemical and anticancer properties of cisplatin and curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cis-Cur-MSNs).

Background: In recent years, combination treatment has attained better outcomes than monotherapy in oncology. Cis-Cur-MSNs were prepared by precipitation technique.

Effect of Curcumin-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles on the Head and Neck Cancer Cell Line, HN5.

Curcumin is an active ingredient isolated from Curcuma longa. It has several pharmacological effects, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Due to its low bioavailability, chemical structure instability, and easy oxidation, the application of curcumin has been limited.

Cell homing strategy as a promising approach to the vitality of pulp-dentin complexes in endodontic therapy: focus on potential biomaterials.

Introduction: Over the last two decades, an increasing body of research suggests that well-designed biomaterials can attract resident stem cells to injured areas and control their behaviors and activities to encourage tissue regeneration. Fabricated biomaterials can enhance cell recruitment, multiplication, and transformation while also acting as a delivery system for targeted cells. These capabilities might play a role in their ability to promote tooth regeneration.

Preparation of rutin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles and evaluation of its physicochemical, anticancer, and antibacterial properties.

Background: The studies have shown that rutin has great potential as an anticancer and antimicrobial plant base agent; nevertheless, poor bioavailability and low aqueous solubility of rutin limit its application. One of the beneficial routes to increase the solubility and bioavailability of rutin is the development of nanoparticulate material. This study aimed to assess the anticancer and antibacterial effects of rutin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (RUT-MSNs).

Smart chitosan-folate hybrid magnetic nanoparticles for targeted delivery of doxorubicin to osteosarcoma cells.

Chitosan (CS)-based pH-sensitive nanocomposites were fabricated for the targeted delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to osteosarcoma cells. To prepare the nanocomposite, CS was functionalized with succinic anhydride (SA) (CS-SA). CS-folic acid (FA) conjugates were produced by the conjugation of CS with FA via an amide bond.

A Biodegradable Flexible Micro/Nano-Structured Porous Hemostatic Dental Sponge.

A biodegradable micro/nano-structured porous hemostatic gelatin-based sponge as a dentistry surgery foam was prepared using a freeze-drying method. In vitro function evaluation tests were performed to ensure its hemostatic effect. Biocompatibility tests were also performed to show the compatibility of the sponge on human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2) cells and red blood cells (RBCs).

Strategies and Challenges in the Treatment of Dental Enamel.

Enamel tissue, the hardest body tissue, which covers the outside of the tooth shields the living tissue, but it erodes and disintegrates in the acidic environment of the oral cavity. On the one hand, mature enamel is cell-free and, if damaged, does not regenerate. Tooth sensitivity and decay are caused by enamel loss.

Potential applications of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in oral and dental health: Status quo and future perspectives.

Objective: Herbal therapies are utilized to treat a broad diversity of diseases all over the globe. Although no clinical studies have been conducted to demonstrate the antibacterial, antimicrobial, and antiplaque characteristics of these plants, this does not imply that they are ineffectual as periodontal treatments or anti-cariogenic drugs. However, there is a scarcity of research confirming their efficacy and worth.

Effect of Curcumin on the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line HN5.

Background: Curcumin has been isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. Over the years, it has shown outstanding therapeutic potential in various human disorders, including cancers.

Objective: The aim is to study curcumin's effects on the apoptosis signaling pathway in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line HN5.

Synthetic electrospun nanofibers as a supportive matrix in osteogenic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells.

Continuous remodeling is not able to repair large bone defects. Bone tissue engineering is aimed to repair these defects by creating bone grafts. To do this, several technologies and biomaterials have been employed to fabricate an -like supportive matrix.

The Role of Cytokines in Nephrotic Syndrome.

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is an important primary glomerular disease characterized by severe proteinuria. Evidence supports a role for T cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of INS. Glucocorticoids are the primary therapy for INS; however, steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) patients are at a higher risk of drug-induced side effects and harbor poor prognosis.

Curcumin nanoformulations: Beneficial nanomedicine against cancer.

Curcumin is a phytochemical achieved from the plant turmeric. It is extensively utilized for the treatment of several types of diseases such as cancers. Nevertheless, its efficiency has been limited because of rapid metabolism, low bioavailability, poor water solubility, and systemic elimination.

Application of Collagen and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regenerative Dentistry.

Collagen is an important macromolecule of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) in bones, teeth, and temporomandibular joints. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) interact with the components of the ECM such as collagen, proteoglycans, Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and several proteins on behalf of variable matrix elasticity and bioactive cues. Synthetic collagen-based biomaterials could be effective scaffolds for regenerative dentistry applications due to mimicking of host tissues' ECM.

The Antimicrobial, Antioxidative, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Polycaprolactone/Gelatin Scaffolds Containing Chrysin for Regenerative Endodontic Purposes.

The appropriate endodontic material should eliminate the infection and inflammation to provide a situation for regeneration and healing of pulp tissue besides biomineralization. Chrysin is one of the active ingredients of plant flavonoids, which has significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In the present study, this natural substance was evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mineralization properties on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).