Publications by authors named "Elahe Parham"

Significance: Raman spectroscopy is a valuable technique for tissue identification, but its conventional implementation is hindered by low efficiency due to scattering. Addressing this limitation, we are further developing the wavelength-swept Raman spectroscopy approach.

Aim: We aim to enhance Raman signal detection by employing a laser capable of sweeping over a wide wavelength range to sequentially excite tissue with different wavelengths, paired with a photodetector featuring a fixed narrow-bandpass filter for collecting the Raman signal at a specific wavelength.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study explores the use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy as effective optical methods for identifying different types of human brain tissue during deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures.
  • A custom optical probe was integrated into a DBS lead, allowing for the acquisition of DRS and CARS spectra while inserting the lead into targeted brain regions in a human cadaver, which were then analyzed to classify the tissue as white matter (WM) or gray matter (GM).
  • Results showed that these optical methods could successfully differentiate WM and GM and possibly detect blood presence, indicating that such techniques could enhance surgical guidance and potentially replace more time-consuming methods
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Human intelligence has always been a fascinating subject for scientists. Since the inception of Spearman's general intelligence in the early 1900s, there has been significant progress towards characterizing different aspects of intelligence and its relationship with structural and functional features of the brain. In recent years, the invention of sophisticated brain imaging devices using Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has allowed researchers to test hypotheses about neural correlates of intelligence in humans.

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An advanced understanding of optical design is necessary to create optimal systems but this is rarely taught as part of general curriculum. Compounded by the fact that professional optical design software tools have a prohibitive learning curve, this means that neither knowledge nor tools are easily accessible. In this tutorial, we introduce a raytracing module for Python, originally developed for teaching optics with ray matrices, to simplify the design and optimization of optical systems.

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