Distribution of fusion transcripts and its clinical impact in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in Sudan.

Objective: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignant disorder of hematopoietic progenitor cells that caused by chromosomal translocation and the formation of fusion oncogenes. This study determined the frequencies of fusion genes in Sudanese patients with AML and their clinical impacts.

Methods: This study was conducted at Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan.

Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test for Schistosoma mansoni infection based on the detection of circulating cathodic antigen in urine in Central Sudan.

Background: The Kato-Katz thick smear is the standard test for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection, but the sensitivity of this technique is low. As an alternative, (CCA) strip test has been evaluated with the conclusion that it may replace the Kato-Katz method in areas where prevalences are moderate or high. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of the CCA strip test in the diagnosis and monitoring of S.

Plasmodium vivax cerebral malaria in an adult patient in Sudan.

Background: Plasmodium vivax infection is rising in sub-Saharan Africa, where Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for more than 90% of malaria cases. While P. vivax is identified as a major cause of severe and cerebral malaria in South east Asia, the Pacific and South America, most of the severe and cerebral cases in Africa were attributed to P.

Association of Epstein - Barr virus and breast cancer in Eritrea.

Background: The oncogenic potential of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in breast cancer is being increasingly recognized. Despite some controversies regarding such role, new evidence is suggesting a culpability of EBV in breast cancer, particularly in Africa where the virus has been originally associated with causation of several solid and hematological malignancies. One example is a report from Sudan implicating EBV as a prime etiologic agent for an aggressive type of breast cancer, where nearly 100% of tumor tissues were shown to carry viral signatures.

Coexistence of sickle cell nephropathy and lupus nephritis in a Sudanese child.

In spite of the wide distribution of sickle cell disease (SCD) in Africa, an association with systemic lupus erythromatosis (SLE) is seldom reported. This may be due to the poor association between the two diseases or the high prevalence of missed cases. Progressive renal injury is prominent in both SCD and SLE.

Myasthenic Crisis Manifesting as Postoperative Respiratory Failure following Resection of Unsuspected Intrathoracic Thymic T-Cell Lymphoma during Thyroidectomy for an Adjacent Large Retrosternal Goiter.

A middle-aged female with a goiter of 10 years' duration presented with progressive pressure symptoms, nocturnal choking and dyspnea on exertion for 5 months. Physical examination demonstrated a large simple multinodular goiter. Imaging revealed a deep retrosternal goiter extending below the tracheal bifurcation with marked tracheal deviation.

Re-examination of renal allograft biopsy blocks for C4d positivity: missed cases of antibody mediated rejection.

Introduction: C4d immunostaining of renal allograft biopsies is recommended for the diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), but it was not available to us prior to June 2012. In June 2012, we were able to obtain anti-human C4d polyclonal antibody and decided to retrospectively evaluate archived kidney allograft biopsies at our center for C4d deposition.

Methods: Twenty-four paraffin blocks were available for this study.

Mucosal leishmaniasis in a Sudanese patient.

Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is an oral disease caused by the parasite Leishmania donovani. The disease has been proven to be pandemic in many areas of the world. It affects young men living in leishmaniasis-endemic areas.

Addison's disease due to Histoplasma duboisii infection of the adrenal glands.

Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. In the normal individual, both disseminated histoplasmosis and symptomatic adrenal histoplasmosis are rare. Herein, we describe the case of a 50-year-old gentleman residing in western Sudan who presented with a 7-month history of generalized body weakness, easy fatigue, and frequent attacks of vomiting and diarrhea.

Sudanese mucosal leishmaniasis: isolation of a parasite within the Leishmania donovani complex that differs genotypically from L. donovani causing classical visceral leishmaniasis.

Mucosal leishmaniasis, which is a sporadic disease in the Sudan, was shown by isoenzyme characterization and PCR to be caused by Leishmania donovani. However, it was not clear if the parasite was exactly the same strain as that causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL), or of a different strain. We utilized a new generation of molecular DNA markers, minisatellites and kinetoplast DNA, for rapid characterization of the parasite.