Malaria in Guinean Rural Areas: Prevalence, Management, and Ethnotherapeutic Investigations in Dionfo, Sub-Prefecture of Labe.

As part of a validation program of antimalarial traditional recipes, an ethnotherapeutic approach was applied in Dionfo, a meso-endemic Guinean rural area where conventional health facilities are insufficient. A prevalence investigation indicated a malarial burden of 4.26%.

Bioassay-guided isolation of antiplasmodial and antimicrobial constituents from the roots of Terminalia albida.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Terminalia albida (Combretaceae), widely used in Guinean traditional medicine, showed promising activity against Plasmodium falciparum and Candida albicans in previous studies. Bioassay-guided fractionation was carried out in order to isolate the compounds responsible for these activities.

Materials And Methods: Fractionation and isolation were performed by flash chromatography, followed by semi-preparative HPLC-DAD-MS.

Antimicrobial investigation of ethnobotanically selected guinean plant species.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Guinea, medicinal plants play an important role in the management of infectious diseases including urinary disorders, skin diseases and oral diseases. This study was carried out to collect medicinal plant species employed for the treatment of these diseases and to investigate their antimicrobial potential.

Materials And Methods: Based on an ethnobotanical investigation carried out in three Guinean regions, 74 traditional healers and 28 herbalists were interviewed and medicinal plants were collected.

Terminalia albida treatment improves survival in experimental cerebral malaria through reactive oxygen species scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties.

Background: The development of Plasmodium resistance to the last effective anti-malarial drugs necessitates the urgent development of new anti-malarial therapeutic strategies. To this end, plants are an important source of new molecules. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-malarial effects of Terminalia albida, a plant used in Guinean traditional medicine, as well as its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may be useful in treating cases of severe malaria.

The malaria co-infection challenge: An investigation into the antimicrobial activity of selected Guinean medicinal plants.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In sub-Saharan Africa, concomitant occurrence of malaria and invasive infections with micro-organisms such as Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative Escherichia coli and yeasts or fungi such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus is common. Non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium chelonae has been recognized as a pulmonary pathogen with increasing frequency without effective therapy. Although less important, the high incidence of Trichophyton rubrum infections along with its ability to evade host defense mechanisms, accounts for the high prevalence of infections with this dermatophyte.

In vitro antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activity of ethnopharmacologically selected guinean plants.

Based on an ethnobotanical survey, 41 Guinean plant species widely used in the traditional treatment of fever and/or malaria were collected. From these, 74 polar and apolar extracts were prepared and tested for their in vitro antiprotozoal activity along with their cytotoxicity on MRC-5 cells. A potent activity (IC50 < 5 µg/mL) was observed for Terminalia albida, Vismia guineensis, Spondias mombin, and Pavetta crassipes against Plasmodium falciparum; for Pavetta crassipes, Vismia guineensis, Guiera senegalensis, Spondias mombin, Terminalia macroptera, and Combretum glutinosum against Trypanosoma brucei brucei; for Bridelia ferruginea, G.

[Corrigendum] Isostrychnopentamine, an indolomonoterpenic alkaloid from Strychnos usambarensis, with potential anti-tumor activity against apoptosis-resistant cancer cells.

After the publication of the article, the authors noted that they had made an error regarding certain data in their manuscript. The error relates to the statistical analysis performed for the data illustrated in Fig. 4A: On page 963 of our article, line 17 of the left-handed column, we identified an erroneous statistical result with respect to the data illustrated in Fig.

Investigations of fungal secondary metabolites with potential anticancer activity.

Fourteen metabolites, isolated from phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi, were evaluated for their in vitro antigrowth activity for six distinct cancer cell lines, using the MTT colorimetric assay. Bislongiquinolide (1) and dihydrotrichodimerol (5), which belong to the bisorbicillinoid structural class, displayed significant growth inhibitory activity against the six cancer cell lines studied, while the remaining compounds displayed weak or no activity. The data show that 1 and 5 have similar growth inhibitory activities with respect to those cancer cell lines that display certain levels of resistance to pro-apoptotic stimuli or those that are sensitive to apoptosis.

Isostrychnopentamine, an indolomonoterpenic alkaloid from Strychnos usambarensis, with potential anti-tumor activity against apoptosis-resistant cancer cells.

Isostrychnopentamine (ISP) is an indolomonoter-penic alkaloid that is present in the leaves of Strychnos usambarensis, an East African small tree. We have reported previously pro-apoptotic effects induced in vitro by ISP in the human HCT-116 colon cancer cell line, a model that displays relative sensitivity to apoptosis. In the present study, we observed that the in vitro growth inhibitory activities of ISP are similar in cancer cells that display sensitivity versus resistance to apoptosis.