Co-ensiling pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peels and molasses with berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) alters fermentation quality, nutrient composition, ruminal fermentation and methane production in buffalo bulls in-vitro.

Pomegranate peels are an industrial by-product high in sugar and phytochemical content and pose an environmental concern. Meanwhile, ensiling legume forage such as berseem is difficult due to its lower dry matter content and water-soluble carbohydrate-to-buffering capacity ratio, which leads to a poor fermentation process. To date, no studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of co-ensiling pomegranate peels with berseem.

Environmental impact of phytobiotic additives on greenhouse gas emission reduction, rumen fermentation manipulation, and performance in ruminants: an updated review.

Ruminal fermentation is a natural process involving beneficial microorganisms that contribute to the production of valuable products and efficient nutrient conversion. However, it also leads to the emission of greenhouse gases, which have detrimental effects on the environment and animal productivity. Phytobiotic additives have emerged as a potential solution to these challenges, offering benefits in terms of rumen fermentation modulation, pollution reduction, and improved animal health and performance.

Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem ( L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts ( L.).

This study investigated the effect of co-ensiling increasing levels of artichoke bracts ( L.) with berseem ( L.) (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively) on silage quality after 0, 30, 60, and 120 days.

Potential of selected plant extracts to control severe subacute ruminal acidosis in vitro as compared with monensin.

Background: In recent years, researchers have become increasingly interested in developing natural feed additives that can stabilize ruminal pH and thus prevent or eliminate the risk of severe subacute rumen acidosis. Herein, 3 experiments were conducted using a semi-automated in vitro gas production technique. In the experiment (Exp.

Involvement of Quebracho tannins in diet alters productive and reproductive efficiency of postpartum buffalo cows.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 10 weeks supplementation of Quebracho tannins (QT; 0 [control], 100 [QT] or 200 g/[cow·d] [QT]) to 30 multiparous postpartum buffalo cows (10 cows per group) on milk yield and composition, blood metabolites and reproductive performance. Supplementation of QT had no significant effect on milk yield, whereas QT decreased ( < 0.05) this trait.

Effect of short-term supplementation with rumen-protected fat during the late luteal phase on reproduction and metabolism of ewes.

This study was designed to study the effect of short-term supplementation with rumen-protected fat during the late luteal phase on reproduction and metabolism of sheep during breeding season. Seventy-six ewes (Rahmani, Barki and Awassi × Barki) were allocated to two groups considering genotype: the control ewes (C-group) received a maintenance diet, and the fat-supplemented ewes (F-group) received the maintenance diet plus 50 g/head/day of rumen- protected fat (Megalac) for 9 days during which oestrus was synchronized. The latter had been accomplished using double intramuscular injection of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α ) 11 days apart.

Blood metabolites and hormone-based programmed breeding treatments in anovular lactating dairy cows.

The objectives were to (1) compare blood metabolites and reproductive outcomes in lactating dairy cows not inseminated before (early) and after (late) 100 d in milk (DIM) because of prolonged anovulation or anestrus; and (2) evaluate reproductive responses of cows ≤100 DIM to GnRH+PGF(2α) treatments after a fixed-time artificial insemination (AI; Ovsynch) or after induced estrus (Select Synch). In blood samples collected before initiating hormone-based breeding programs, anovular cows ≤ 100 DIM had the greatest serum total protein and globulin concentrations and the lowest tri-iodothyronine concentrations. Anovular and ovular cows >100 DIM had the greatest serum urea concentrations.

Effect of season, month of parturition and lactation on estrus behavior and ovarian activity in Barki x Rahmani crossbred ewes under subtropical conditions.

The correlations between some meteorological parameters and fertility data were evaluated in Barki x Rahmani crossbred ewes using the records of five consecutive years (2003-2007). Additionally, estrus detection and ultrasonic evaluation were applied on eighteen mature dry ewes during breeding and non-breeding seasons. The effect of lactation was evaluated by monitoring estrus behavior in ninety four lactating ewes from 40 to 120 d after parturition.

Resynchronizing estrus with progesterone or progesterone plus estrogen in cows of unknown pregnancy status.

Two experiments were conducted to test 2 progesterone (P4)-based treatments that were applied to lactating dairy cattle of unknown pregnancy status to resynchronize estrus of nonpregnant cows. In experiment 1, cows were assigned randomly before a timed AI (TAI) to 1) treatment with a CIDR (controlled internal drug-releasing intravaginal insert containing P4) for 7 d starting on d 13 after TAI (CIDR; n = 300) or 2) no P4 treatment (control; n = 330). Compared with controls, P4 increased the synchrony of those detected in estrus, but failed to increase the overall return rates of non-pregnant cows during the 6 d after CIDR removal (27% vs.

Pregnancy in dairy cows after synchronized ovulation regimens with or without presynchronization and progesterone.

Two experiments examined pregnancy after synchronized ovulation (Ovsynch) with or without progesterone (P4) administered via controlled internal drug release (CIDR) intravaginal inserts. In experiment 1, 262 lactating cows in one herd were in 3 treatments: Ovsynch (n = 91), Ovsynch + CIDR (n = 91), and control (n = 80). The Ovsynch protocol included injections of GnRH 7 d before and 48 h after an injection of PGF20.

Transplantation of porcine umbilical cord matrix cells into the rat brain.

Immune rejection of transplanted material is a potential complication of organ donation. In response to tissue transplantation, immune rejection has two components: a host defense directed against the grafted tissue and an immune response from the grafted tissue against the host (graft vs host disease). To treat immune rejection, transplant recipients are typically put on immunosuppression therapy.

Conception rates of dairy cows following early not-pregnant diagnosis by ultrasonography and subsequent treatments with shortened Ovsynch protocol.

Our objective was to determine the feasibility of prompt reinsemination of dairy cows when diagnosed not pregnant 27-29 days after first-service timed AI (TAI). We assumed that a first-wave dominant follicle was present at that time that would ovulate in response to GnRH once precocious luteal regression was induced after administration of PGF(2alpha). Cows that had not been detected in estrus and reinseminated by Days 27-29 after a first-service TAI were diagnosed not pregnant by ultrasonography.

Supplemental norgestomet, progesterone, or melengestrol acetate increases pregnancy rates in suckled beef cows after timed inseminations.

In Exp. 1, 187 lactating beef cows were treated with injections of GnRH 7 d before and 48 h after prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha; Cosynch) or with Cosynch plus a 7-d treatment with an intravaginal progesterone (P4)-releasing insert (CIDR-B; Cosynch + CIDR). In Exp.

Stage of cycle, incidence, and timing of ovulation, and pregnancy rates in dairy cattle after three timed breeding protocols.

In experiment 1, 705 cows were assigned to three treatments: 1) the Ovsynch protocol (a GnRH injection given 7 d before and another 48 h after one PGF2alpha injection); 2) PGF2alpha + Ovsynch (one PGF2alpha injection given 12 d (d -22) before initiating Ovsynch (d -10); and 3) 2xPG12 (two PGF2alpha injections 12 d apart; d -15 and -3, followed 48 h later by a GnRH injection. All cows were inseminated (d 0) 16 to 20 h after the GnRH injection on d -1. Cyclic status was estimated by serum progesterone.

An alternative AI breeding protocol for dairy cows exposed to elevated ambient temperatures before or after calving or both.

Our objective was to determine if a timed artificial insemination (AI) protocol (Ovsynch) might produce greater pregnancy rates than AI after a synchronized, detected estrus during summer. Lactating Holstein cows (n = 425) were grouped into breeding clusters and then assigned randomly to each of two protocols for AI between 50 and 70 days in milk. All cows were treated with GnRH followed 7 d later by PGF2alpha.