Inspiratory Stridor as the First Rare Presentation of Infantile Esophageal Diverticulum: A Case Report.

Congenital esophageal diverticulum is an extremely rare condition with few reports published in the literature. Although its typical presentation is related to feeding problem, stridor and respiratory distress can be the leading symptoms in some cases. In this report, we present a case of esophageal diverticulum in a one-year-old child came primarily with airway problems associated with large neck swelling.

SARS-CoV-2-associated lymphopenia: possible mechanisms and the role of CD147.

T lymphocytes play a primary role in the adaptive antiviral immunity. Both lymphocytosis and lymphopenia were found to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While lymphocytosis indicates an active anti-viral response, lymphopenia is a sign of poor prognosis.

Repair of posterior laryngeal cleft: a 10-year experience in a tertiary referral hospital.

Objective: This study aimed to present experience with surgical treatment of laryngeal cleft cases through both open and endoscopic approaches.

Method: A retrospective evaluation of all patients diagnosed as having a laryngeal cleft in a tertiary hospital over 10 years was performed. Pre-operative data, conservative and surgical management of cases, and outcomes were collected, tabulated and analysed.

A refashioned foley catheter: novel cost-effective available stent in pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction.

Purpose: Pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) for laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) mandates stenting in certain situations. This study presents a novel commercially available and cost-effective stent, a refashioned foley catheter.

Methods: This prospective clinical study was performed on pediatric cases with LTS up to 8 years.

Correlation of Eustachian tube function with the results of type 1 tympanoplasty: a prospective study.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate Eustachian tube (ET) function tests and their impact on outcomes of tympanoplasty in patients with inactive chronic suppurative otitis media.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted involving patients diagnosed with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and having a central dry perforation. Assessment of the ET function was done for all included cases by three tests; pressure swallow equalization test, saccharine test and methylene blue test.

Surgical management of laryngeal bilateral abductor palsy: comparative study between carbon dioxide and diode lasers.

This study aims to compare the results of both CO laser and diode laser combined arytenoidectomy with posterior cordectomy in managing patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis. A prospective study involved 80 bilateral vocal cord immobility patients in adduction. They are divided into two groups according to the laser used, whether CO (with a wavelength of 10.

Open paediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction: a five-year experience at a tertiary referral centre.

Objective: Laryngotracheal reconstruction with costal cartilage graft is a cornerstone procedure in treatment of multiple paediatric airway pathologies. The current study aimed to report on the experience of laryngotracheal reconstruction and document post-operative outcomes and complications.

Method: Records of laryngotracheal reconstruction procedures performed between 2016 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

Endoscopic transcanal attico-antrostomy versus endoscopic-assisted canal wall up mastoidectomy in management of localized cholesteatoma: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: This study aims to compare results of endoscopic transcanal tympanoplasty with attico-antrostomy with endoscopic-assisted canal wall up mastoidectomy in treatment of cases of limited attic cholesteatoma.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized single-blinded study involving 40 patients with limited attic cholesteatoma was conducted. Randomization of the patients into two groups was done; 20 patients are managed by endoscopic transcanal tympanoplasty with attico-antrostomy, while the other 20 patients are managed by endoscopic-assisted canal wall up mastoidectomy.

Coblation supraglottoplasty: a ten-year experience in a tertiary referral hospital.

Purpose: The present study aims to review the outcomes of coblation supraglottoplasty performed for children with different types of laryngomalacia, and we discuss the factors affecting these outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of laryngomalacia patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology Department, Mansoura University, from 2010 to 2020. We examined the patient's demography, symptoms, comorbidities, type of laryngomalacia, oxygen saturation, and final outcomes.

Invasive Fungal Sinusitis in Post COVID-19 Patients: A New Clinical Entity.

Objectives: Occurrence of invasive fungal respiratory superinfections in patients with COVID-19 has gained increasing attention in the latest studies. Yet, description of acute invasive fungal sinusitis with its management in those patients is still scarce. This study aims to describe this recently increasing clinical entity in relation to COVID-19 patients.

Management of bilateral abductor paralysis: posterior cordectomy with partial arytenoidectomy using diode laser.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the role of diode laser-assisted posterior cordectomy with partial arytenoidectomy in the management of bilateral vocal fold paralysis patients.

Methods: Posterior cordectomy with partial arytenoidectomy using diode laser was performed to thirty-nine patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis. Voice was evaluated by maximal phonation time and Arabic version of the voice handicap index, while breathing difficulty was assessed by mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council) dyspnea scale.

One and half coblation supraglottoplasty: A novel technique for management of type II laryngomalacia.

Objectives: Endoscopic supraglottoplasty is the mainstay surgical procedure in treatment of laryngomalacia. Various instruments have been used with coblation recently gaining widespread attention. Regarding the technique used, cutting the aryepiglottic folds is associated with rapid improvement but carries risk of restenosis while outer scar contracture method has delayed but established result.

Endoscopic single versus double flap tympanoplasty: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: This study aims to compare the results of endoscopic over-underlay tympanoplasty, single flap technique, with endoscopic over-underlay tympanoplasty combined with an anterior tab, double flap technique, in repair of the challenging total and subtotal tympanic membrane perforations with inadequate anterior remnant. This is to determine whether highly adequate visualization at the anterior meatal angle area offered by endoscopy can eliminate the need for anterior tab reinforcement.

Subjects And Methods: A prospective randomized single-blinded study involving 104 patients with total or subtotal tympanic membrane perforations was conducted.

Melatonin receptor 1A gene polymorphism rs13140012 and serum melatonin in atherosclerotic versus non-atherosclerotic Egyptian ESRD patients: pilot study.

Aim: To study the relationship between melatonin levels and Melatonin membrane receptor 1A () SNP (rs13140012) in end-stage renal disease patients (ESRD) in Alexandria, Egypt on maintenance hemodialysis with or without atherosclerosis.

Materials And Methods: 40 end-stage renal disease patients on regular hemodialysis were divided into 2 subgroups, one with (n = 20) and one without atherosclerosis (n = 20) and normal subjects (n = 40). Serum melatonin, carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) were measured.

Coagulation of the lateral surface of aryepiglottic folds as an alternative to aryepiglottic fold release in management of type 2 laryngomalacia.

Objective: Endoscopic supraglottoplasty is the procedure of choice in treatment of laryngomalacia with CO2 laser and cold steel being the most common instruments used with excellent results. However, bleeding, supraglottic stenosis and aspiration may occur leading to serious complications. Using coblation in management of laryngomalacia was found to be beneficial.

Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Staging with a Novel Nominal Basis: An 18-Year Study in a Tertiary Center.

Objective: To develop a systematic method for anatomic mapping of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) tumors to standardize communication, facilitate surgical planning, and convey prognosis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Novel PVC-membrane electrode for flow injection potentiometric determination of Biperiden in pharmaceutical preparations.

The construction and performance characteristics of Biperiden (BP) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) electrodes are described. Different methods for electrode fabrication are tested including; incorporation of BP-ion pairs (BP-IPs), incorporation of ion pairing agents, or soaking the plain electrode in BP-ion pairs suspension solution. Electrode matrices were optimized referring to the effect of modifier content and nature, plasticizer and the method of modification.

Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in acute myeloid leukemia and the effect of its inhibition on cultured leukemia blast cells.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a catabolizing enzyme of tryptophan, is a novel immunosuppressive agent blocking T-cell activation in neoplastic cells, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. IDO inhibitors as 1-methyl tryptophan (1MT) can abrogate IDO enzymatic activity and may result in an effective immune response. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were separated from peripheral blood of 25 AML patients and 25 normal adults.

Selenium and glutathione peroxidase status in adult Egyptian patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

This study was undertaken to evaluate selenium (Se) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) status in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) before and after induction therapy. Twenty-five patients with newly diagnosed AML and 15 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in this study. Serum Se level by the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric technique and GPX activity by an adaptation of Beutler method was performed for the patients before and after receiving the induction therapy.