Tacrolimus versus hydrocortisone in management of atopic dermatitis in children, a randomized controlled double-blind study: New insights on TARC, CTACK, TSLP, and E-selectin.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a type of chronic inflammatory disorder that affects all age groups including children. AD is characterized by elevated inflammatory marker levels.

Aim: To assess the safety and effectiveness of topical tacrolimus ointment versus topical hydrocortisone cream in the treatment of pediatric AD by comparing the two treatments' ability to reduce serum cytokines.

Comprehensive analysis of electrochemical biosensors for early ovarian cancer detection.

Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide. However, early detection can significantly reduce mortality rates and mitigate subsequent complications related to both economic burden and mental well-being. Despite the development in the field of medical diagnosis, the death rates due to ovarian cancer have sharply increased.

Sigma-1 receptor modulation by fluvoxamine ameliorates valproic acid-induced autistic behavior in rats: Involvement of chronic ER stress modulation, enhanced autophagy and M1/M2 microglia polarization.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. While, fluvoxamine (FVX) is an antidepressant and widely prescribed to ASD patients, clinical results are inconclusive and the mechanism of FVX in the management of ASD is unclear. This study determined the potential therapeutic impact of FVX, a sigma-1 receptor (S1R) agonist, against the valproic acid (VPA)-induced model of autism.

Biochemical diagnosis of Sanfilippo disorder types A and B.

Background: One of the 11 recognized mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) diseases is Sanfilippo. It is autosomal recessive in its mode of transmission. There are four subtypes of Sanfilippo (A, B, C, and D).

A randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind study to investigate the effect of a high oral loading dose of cholecalciferol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, new insights on serum STAT-3 and hepassocin.

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver metabolic disease affecting millions globally. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a high oral loading dose of cholecalciferol supplement on NAFLD patients and to investigate its potential role on serum inflammatory biomarkers.

Patients And Methods: One hundred patients with NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in the study.

Mycotoxins in milk: Occurrence and evaluation of certain detoxification attempts.

Milk contaminated with mycotoxins is a significant issue affecting human health, especially in infants. The current study aimed to investigate the presence of mycotoxins in milk collected from women farmers' vendors (WFV), and to evaluate certain herbal plant fibers as green mycotoxin binders. Moreover, explore the binding efficiency ratios of mycotoxins using shaking or soaking process incorporated with herbal extracts.

Elimination of aberrantly specified cell clones is independent of interfacial Myosin II accumulation.

Spatial organization within an organ is essential and needs to be maintained during development. This is largely implemented via compartment boundaries that serve as barriers between distinct cell types. Biased accumulation of junctional non-muscle Myosin II along the interface between differently fated groups of cells contributes to boundary integrity and maintains its shape via increased tension.

Congenital leptin and leptin receptor deficiencies in nine new families: identification of six novel variants and review of literature.

Early childhood obesity is a real public health problem worldwide. Identifying the etiologies, especially treatable and preventable causes, can direct health professionals toward proper management. Measurement of serum leptin levels is helpful in the diagnosis of congenital leptin and leptin receptor deficiencies which are considered important rare causes of early childhood obesity.

The psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare work force in the Middle East region C-S study.

Introduction: COVID-19, is one of the biggest challenges facing humanity in the 21st century (1). The pandemic outbreak as affected all human activities, starting with healthcare and medical service passing with economy and social relationships, as well as political, religious and cultural enactments (2). The healthcare workers were the most affected fighting in the frontline working longer hours under a high risk of being infected (3).

Influence of the Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) on hematological and biochemical parameters of Nile Tilapia, .

The acute toxicity of household detergent (Ariel) on blood parameters and histology of was investigated using static bioassay for 96 h. Normal feed was given to control group without detergents treatment. while WBC count showed a highly significant increase.

Etanercept Mitigates Cadmium Chloride-induced Testicular Damage in Rats "An Insight into Autophagy, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation".

Rationale: Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental and occupational toxin that represents a serious health hazard to humans and other animals. One of the negative consequences of cadmium exposure is testicular injury.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of etanercept against cadmium chloride-induced testicular damage and the probable underlying mechanisms of its action.

High dose methotrexate in adult Egyptian patients with hematological malignancies: impact of ABCB1 3435C > T rs1045642 and MTHFR 677C > T rs1801133 polymorphisms on toxicities and delayed elimination.

High dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is an essential agent in chemotherapeutic regimens used in various hematological malignancies in Egyptian adults. The research for the impact of gene polymorphism on HDMTX induced toxicities and delayed elimination is an important ongoing objective in many studies, variable and conflicting results produced in the past years to clarify that impact. This study aimed to investigate the role of ABCB1 3435 C > T rs1045642 and MTHFR 677 C > T rs1801133 polymorphisms on HDMTX induced toxicity outcomes and delayed elimination in Egyptian adult patients with hematological malignancies.

Polymer-Peptide Modified Gold Nanorods to Improve Cell Conjugation and Cell labelling for Stem Cells Photoacoustic Imaging.

The use of gold nanorods (GNRs) as a contrast agent in bioimaging and cell tracking has numerous advantages, primarily due to the unique optical properties of gold nanorods which allow for the use of infrared regions when imaging. Owing to their unique geometry, Au NRs exhibit surface plasmon modes in the near-infrared wavelength range, which is ideal for carrying out optical measurements in biological fluids and tissue. Gold nanorod functionalization is essential, since the Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide CTAB gold nanorods are toxic, and for further in vitro and in vivo experiments the nanorods should be functionalized to become optically stable and biocompatible.

Using electro- and alum coagulation technologies for treatment of wastewater from fruit juice industry in New Damietta City, Egypt.

Electrocoagulation technology is being increasingly used to treat various types of wastewater over the last several years. This study aimed to investigate the industrial wastewater treatment of a fruit juice factory as an example of food processing industries in New Damietta City, Egypt, by using electrocoagulation technology. This is to solve an environmental problem, represented in the high organic load of these effluents.

Advances in genomic diagnosis of a large cohort of Egyptian patients with disorders of sex development.

Disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) comprise a group of congenital disorders that affect the genitourinary tract and usually involve the endocrine and reproductive system. The aim of this work was to identify genetic variants responsible for disorders of human urogenital development in a cohort of Egyptian patients. This three-year study included 225 patients with various DSD forms, referred to the genetic DSD and endocrinology clinic, National Research Centre, Egypt.

Oceanographic factors of oil pollution dispersion offshore the Nile Delta (Egypt) using GIS.

Oil pollution is a worldwide concern due to the increasing rate of offshore oil production and transport. As the Nile Delta coast is adjacent to the main route of oil transport through the Suez Canal, accidental oil spills along the offshore region may have a tremendous impact on the coastal waters. If the oil slicks reach the coast, the impact should also be significant.

The Feasibility of Prehabilitation as Part of the Breast Cancer Treatment Pathway.

Background: There is compelling support for implementing prehabilitation to optimize perioperative risk factors and to improve postoperative outcomes. However, there is limited evidence studying the application of multimodal prehabilitation for patients with breast cancer.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of multimodal prehabilitation as part of the breast cancer treatment pathway.

Outcome of Core Binding Factor Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Mutation.

Background: Core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) encodes 2 recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities, t(8;21) and inv(16), which carries an overall good prognosis. However, some patients will develop a relapse. We sought define the unfavorable group of CBF-AML by analysis of (c-KIT and FLT3-ITD) and to correlate them with treatment outcome.

Altered Expression of MicroRNAs in the Bone Marrow of Multiple Myeloma Patients and their Relationship to Cytogenetic Aberrations.

Background: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a complex hematologic malignancy, driven by several genetic and epigenetic alterations. MiRNAs as biomarkers have become a rapidly growing research area in the last decade.

Aim: The aim was to study the expression pattern of selected miRNAs and to explore the impact of cytogenetic aberrations in MM patients for therapeutic tools.

Prognostic Significance of bcr-1 and bcr-3 Isoforms of PML-RARA and FLT3-ITD in Patients With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia.

Background: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has a characteristic peculiar morphologic and genetic features as well as a more favorable outcome. We studied the differential effect of bcr-1 and bcr-3 isoforms of the promyelocytic leukemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARA) transcript together with FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutation status on the outcome of newly diagnosed de novo APL patients.

Patients And Methods: This cohort study included all patients diagnosed with APL at outpatient medical and pediatric oncology clinics of the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, from May 2012 to January 2018.

Diagnostic significance of miR-21, miR-141, miR-18a and miR-221 as novel biomarkers in prostate cancer among Egyptian patients.

Prostate cancer (PC) is considered as the fifth cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The exact etiopathogenesis is unclear; however, genetic predisposition, hormonal influencers, lifestyle and environmental factors act as major contributors. It has been found that several miRNAs may play a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression.

Biogas upgrading and biochemical production from gas fermentation: Impact of microbial community and gas composition.

The present study proposes a novel alternative method of the current biogas upgrading techniques by converting CO (in the biogas) into valuable chemicals (e.g., volatile fatty acids) using H as energy source and acetogenic mixed culture as biocatalyst.

Prognostic and Therapeutic Value of Day 14 Bone Marrow Aspiration in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.

Background: Early blast clearance to induction chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an important prognostic indicator of treatment outcome in addition to genetics and molecular genetics. We evaluated the prognostic value of bone marrow aspiration (BMA) at day 14 (D14) and impact on outcome to asses the timing of a second induction.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 303 adult AML patients managed at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, from the beginning of 2010 to the end of 2014.

Clinical Effect of Combined Mutations in DNMT3A, FLT3-ITD, and NPM1 Among Egyptian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.

Background: Genotypic mutation of fms like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), Nucleophosmin (NPM1), and DNA-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) has been involved in the leukemogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with the well known poor prognostic role of FLT3 and DNMT3A and favorable role for the NPM1 mutation.

Patients And Methods: A total of 123 patients with AML treated at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University were examined for mutations in DNMT3A, FLT3, and NPM1 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) and allele-specific PCR to detect DNMT3A and NPM1A mutations. Two-way direct sequencing and Gene Mapper version 4.