Intra-operative diagnosis of breast mass-lesions: comparison of the validity of touch smear preparation and frozen section techniques.

Background: A reliable intra-operative pathological diagnosis is a mandatory before proper surgery of breast cancer. So far, The Frozen Section Technique (FS) is the standard technique with a relatively high level of validity. However, when the special facilities of FS are unavailable, Touch Smears Preparation technique (TSP) could be alternatively adopted.

Evaluation of MIB-1 and p53 overexpression as risk factors in large cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adults.

Background: Improvement of current results of therapy for large cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients can be achieved by optimization of initial treatment or application of risk-adapted therapy. The international prognostic index ( IPI), introduced to identify high-risk patients, was recently criticized because it was based on clinical risk factors only, ignoring important tumor molecular risk factors and it fails to identify a sector of high-risk patients, who ultimately relapse.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of two tumor biomarkers:MIB-1 and p53 as potential risk factors in diffuse large cell lymphoma.

Lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma: clinicopathological correlations in 3747 patients.

Background: Histological axillary node involvement (ANI) evaluated by axillary dissection remains the most accurate predictive factor for patients with invasive breast cancer. Axillary node involvement implies the necessity of systemic adjuvant treatment and locoregional irradiation.

Aim Of The Study: Is to detect the relative frequency of node positivity in relation to histopathology through studying a large mastectomy series.

Bladder cancer in Africa: update.

Carcinoma of the bladder is the most prevalent cancer in Egypt and in most African countries. At the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo, it constitutes 30.3% of all cancers.

Cancer patterns in the Middle East--special report from the Middle East Cancer Society.

To update its cancer statistics, the newly established Middle East Cancer Society examined the cancer frequency patterns in Egypt and the Gaza Strip. The results revealed differing overall patterns. For men the highest frequencies were found for lymphoma, bladder cancer and cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx in Egypt, and for lung cancer, leukaemia and lymphoma in Gaza.

Comparative study of urinary bladder carcinomas in Japanese and Egyptians.

One hundred six Japanese and 169 Egyptian cases of urinary bladder carcinoma treated by total cystectomy were analyzed histopathologically. Urinary bladder carcinomas in Egypt were encountered at an earlier age than those in Japan. The proportion of carcinomas in Egyptian males was higher than in Japanese males.

Effect of soybean feeding on experimental carcinogenesis--III. Carcinogenecity of nitrite and dibutylamine in mice: a histopathological study.

The potential carcinogenic effect of nitrosamine precursors, DBA (dibutylamine) and nitrite, was clearly demonstrated pathologically in the liver and bladder of male Swiss albino mice. Benign tumours were induced in the bladder with an incidence of 40%, and hepatomas were detected in the liver in 27% of the cases. The protective effect of soybean and ascorbic acid, added separately to the diet or to the drinking water respectively, was demonstrated by a marked reduction in dysplastic features and absence of tumour in both the liver and the urinary bladder.

Frequency of active ras oncogenes in human bladder cancers associated with schistosomiasis.

The frequency of active ras oncogenes in human bladder cancers associated with schistosomiasis, the cause of which is suspected to be a chemical carcinogen(s) in urine, was examined. Of 9 squamous cell carcinomas of the bladder surgically obtained in Egypt, none scored as positive in the regular DNA transfection assay using NIH/3T3 cells as recipients. The restriction fragment length polymorphism assay at codon 12 of the H-ras gene confirmed the absence of an activating mutation at this site in all of them.

Immunohistochemical observations of keratins, involucrin, and epithelial membrane antigen in urinary bladder carcinomas from patients infected with Schistosoma haematobium.

Squamous cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder and the epithelial lesions associated with infection by Schistosoma haematobium were histopathologically and immunohistochemically described for keratin proteins (TK, 41-65 kDa; KL1, 55-57 kDa; PKK1, 40, 45 and 52.5 kDa), involucrin, and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Normal urothelial epithelium was positive for all keratins, and showed absent or slight reactions for involucrin and EMA in superficial umbrella cells.

Pediatric Hodgkin's disease in Egypt.

A consecutive group of 242 children with Hodgkin's disease attending the National Cancer Institute, Cairo during the years 1975-1980 were studied. Males predominated representing 76.85% of cases.

Adriamycin versus adriamycin plus cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) in advanced transitional cell bladder carcinoma. A Southwest Oncology Group study.

Patients with advanced transitional cell bladder carcinoma were randomized to receive either adriamycin alone, or adriamycin plus DDP. Overall response (CR + PR) was 8/41 (19%) for adriamycin alone versus 16/37 (43%) for the combination (p = 0.02).

Cytologic detection of bladder cancer in a rural Egyptian population infected with schistosomiasis.

A study was initiated in September 1976 to detect early bladder carcinoma by selective cytologic screening in a rural Egyptian population infested with Schistosoma haematobium. All persons in a high-risk group, i.e.

The impact of schistosomiasis on the pathology of bladder carcinoma.

In a series of 1095 Egyptian patients with carcinoma of the bladder treated by radical cystectomy, 902 cases (82.4%) contained schistosome eggs in the specimens, and 193 (17.6%) were egg-negative.

Assessment of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity skin tests with Schistosoma mansoni adult worm antigen in a rural Egyptian population.

Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity responses to schistosome adult worm skin test antigen were assessed in 418 farmers in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. All were from a population frame being epidemiologically evaluated for bilharzial urinary bladder cancer and thus were all 20 years old or older. A control, group of 108 adult urban dwellers without antecedent or current history of schistosomiasis were also tested.

A study on the etiological factors of bilharzial bladder cancer in Egypt: 5-urinary nitrite in a rural population.

Urinary nitrite was present in 5.6% of 2379 individuals from a rural population infested with "Schistosoma haematobium". A higher frequency was observed in symptomatic patients with active bilharzial cystitis (25%) and patients with bladder cancer associated with schistosomiasis (66.

Cytology of bladder carcinoma.

Urine cytology is a valuable adjunct but not a substitute for other urologic diagnostic procedures. Cytology offers particular advantage in the detection of pre-clinical cancer and the primary diagnosis of high grade carcinomas. The procedure is of limited value in the diagnosis of benign papilloma and low grade tumors.

Radical cystectomy for carcinoma of bilharzial bladder. Technique and results.

One hundred and sixty-two patients with carcinoma of the bilharzial bladder were treated by radical cystectomy. The postoperative mortality was 12.9 per cent and the five-year survival rate was 38.

The ileocecal bladder: a new method for urinary diversion after radical cystectomy (a preliminary report).

Ten patients underwent radical cystectomy and ileocecal bladder reconstruction for carcinoma of the bladder. The ileocecal region was used as an artificial bladder, its valve protecting the kidneys from back pressure exerted by the external urethral sphincter. The ureters were anastomosed to the ileal part and the cecum was anastomosed to the prostatic urethra in 7 men and to the bladder neck in 2 women and 1 man.