Integrated biological-chemical system for phenol removal from petrochemicals wastewater.

Phenol is a highly concerning pollutant in petrochemical industrial wastewater. It is extremely poisonous, carcinogenic, and persistent, therefore, it bioaccumulates in the food chain reaching humans, where it causes acute irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, as well as chronic effects on the liver, kidneys, and nervous system. It spills or leaks easily into surface water or groundwater sources, leading to the creation of other harmful substituted compounds.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of bioaerosols emissions from the domestic eastern wastewater treatment plant, Alexandria, Egypt.

Bioaerosol studies showed that wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant source of bioaerosol emissions. In this study, 170 samples of total bacteria, total coliform, and total fungi were collected from 10 sites within a domestic WWTP, Alexandria, Egypt, using the sedimentation technique. According to the Index of Microbial Air Contamination (IMA) classes, the total bacteria range was 108-5120 CFU/dm/hour, and all samples were classified as "very poor" except one sample of an office, which was classified as "poor.

Effective degradation of tetracycline and real pharmaceutical wastewater using novel nanocomposites of biosynthesized ZnO and carbonized toner powder.

In this study, novel nanohybrids of biosynthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnetite-nanocarbon (FeO-NC) obtained from the carbonization of toner powder waste were fabricated and investigated for persulfate (PS) activation for the efficient degradation of tetracycline (TCN). The chemical and physical properties of the synthesized catalysts were analyzed using advanced techniques. ZnO/FeO-NC nanohybrid with mass ratio 1:2, respectively in the presence of PS showed the highest TCN removal efficiency compared to the individual components (ZnO and FeO-NC) and other nanohybrids with mass ratios of 1:1 and 2:1.

Desalination of seawater using integrated microbial biofilm/cellulose acetate membrane and silver NPs/activated carbon nanocomposite in a continuous mode.

The main objective of the present study was to desalinate seawater using Bacillus cereus gravel biofilm and cellulose acetate (CA) membranes with and without silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a potent and safe disinfectant for the treated water. Six desalination trials (I, II, III, IV, V and VI) were performed using the proposed biofilm/cellulose membrane. Results confirmed that Bacillus cereus gravel biofilm (microbial desalination) is the optimal system for desalination of seawater.

Effective degradation of atrazine by spinach-derived biochar via persulfate activation system: Process optimization, mechanism, degradation pathway and application in real wastewater.

Herein, biochar derived from spinach remnants was prepared for the first-time for the utilization in persulfate (PS) activation to effectively degrade atrazine. Characteristics of the prepared biochar were explored using advanced analyses. Control experiments implied the efficient activation of PS in the presence of the synthesized biochar.

Microbiological analysis and bioremediation bioassay for characterization of industrial effluent.

This study aims to investigate bacteria for biodegradation of oil pollutants from oily industrial wastewater to be used as bioremediation tools and to determine the characterization of bioremediation bioassays. A screening bioassay was carried out using six exogenous environmental bacterial strains to degrade oily pollution, which indicated promising clearance of the oily wastewater. Two strains, namely Enterobacter cloacae 279-56 (R4) and Pseudomonas otitis MCC10330 (R19), could successfully eliminate oil content and reasonable removal of the organic load.

Morphological, ultrastructural, and biochemical changes induced by sodium fluoride in the tongue of adult male albino rat and the ameliorative effect of resveratrol.

Little knowledge is available about the effects of fluoride exposure on the tongue. This study evaluated the effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on the tongue ultrastructure and detected the ameliorative effects of resveratrol. Forty adult albino rats were separated into 4 groups: the control group was given a balanced diet and purified water.

Maternal exposure to the environmental pollutant "BDE-47" impairs the postnatal development of rat cerebellar cortex by modulating neuronal proliferation, synaptogenesis, NGF and BDNF pathways.

Unlabelled: 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is an environmental contaminant that crosses the blood placental barrier and interferes with the homeostasis of fetal thyroid hormones.

Aim Of Work: This study was designed to investigate the perinatal effect of BDE-47 exposure on the postnatal development of the rat cerebellar cortex.

Materials And Methods: This study was carried out on 20 pregnant rats and 36 of their offspring.

Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the myocardium of the adult albino rats and the protective role of β-carotene (histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study).

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) are the most produced nanomaterials. TiO NPs are used as a drug carrier and molecular imaging vehicle in the cardiovascular system. We aimed to study TiO NPs effects on the ventricular myocardium and evaluate the ameliorative effects of β-carotene (βC).

Optimization and/or acclimatization of activated sludge process under heavy metals stress.

The present study aimed to overcome the toxicity of the heavy metals load, discharged with the industrial effluents into Alexandria sewerage network, on the activated sludge treatment system through effective acclimation for organic matter and heavy metals removal. Optimization and/or acclimatization of the activated sludge process in the presence of Cu, Cd, Co and Cr contaminating mixed domestic-industrial wastewater was investigated. Acclimatization process was performed through abrupt and stepwise addition of tested metals using sequencing batch reactors treatment approach and evaluated as microbial oxygen uptake rate (OUR), dehydrogenase activity (DHA), organic matter (COD) and heavy metals removal.

Identification and distribution of antimicrobial- active marine bacteria along the heavily polluted coastal area of Alexandria, Egypt.

The main objective of the present study was to screen, identify and to study distribution of marine bacteria with antimicrobial activity in the heavily polluted coast of Alexandria, Egypt. The highest bacterial density positively correlated with pollution strength and localized in the central part of the coast in both water and sediments. Thirty four active bacterial isolates dominating the water and sediments of six highly polluted sites during winter and spring were identified.

Treatment of mixed domestic-industrial wastewater using cyanobacteria.

Alexandria Sanitary Drainage Company (ASDCO), Alexandria, Egypt has two primary treatment plants, the eastern and the western wastewater treatment plants (EWTP and WWTP) that receive mixed domestic-industrial influents and discharge into L. Mariut. The lake is subjected therefore to severe levels of pollution and dominated by members of cyanobacteria that can cope with the high pollution load in the lake water.

Pollution control in pulp and paper industrial effluents using integrated chemical-biological treatment sequences.

The main objective of the present study was to improve the quality of pulp and paper industrial wastewater of two local mills RAKTA and El-Ahlia, Alexandria, Egypt, and to bring their pollutant contents to safe discharge levels. Quality improvement was carried out using integrated chemical and biological treatment approaches after their optimization. Chemical treatment (alum, lime, and ferric chloride) was followed by oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and finally biological treatment using activated sludge (90 min for RAKTA and 60 min for El-Ahlia effluents).

Comparison between biological and chemical treatment of wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus.

The present work compared chemical and biological treatment methods to achieve the most efficient treatment for the reduction or elimination of phosphorus and nitrogen from mixed industrial-domestic wastewaters. Batch chemical precipitation by ferric chloride and aluminum sulfate (alum) and a continuous biological suspended growth system were investigated as well as the optimum operating conditions. Concerning chemical treatment, Alum generally achieved a higher removal efficiency percentage for the investigated pollutants compared with FeCl(3) at their optimum pH and dose, especially with chemical oxygen demand (COD).