Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in conventional vs. organic livestock farms in Egypt: a cross-sectional comparative study.

The silent pandemic of antimicrobial resistance (AR) has been on the rise for the past decades. It is essential to determine the burden of AR in animal farms that spreads leading to human exposure. A total of 100 samples including soil, litter, animal excreta, and wastewater were collected from seven conventional and one organic farm in Egypt.

In vitro synergistic activity of colistin and teicoplanin combination against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp.

Drug combinations may have a crucial role in treating infections due to multidrug resistant Acinetobacter spp. One suggested combination is colistin with teicoplanin. The effect of colistin on Acinetobacter spp.

Strangulated Spiegel hernia: About a case and literature review.

The anterolateral abdominal Hernias are a frequent reason for consultation; Spiegel's hernia is a rare spontaneous abdominal anterolateral hernia (0.12% of abdominal hernias) for patients between 40 and 70 years old, There are risk factors such as intra-abdominal hyperpressure secondary to morbid obesity, multiple pregnancies and chronic cough. The surgery is the standard treatment; whether by raphy or prosthetic mesch.

The Prevalence Of Specific Gene Polymorphisms Related To Thrombophilia In Egyptian Women With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

Background: Despite the enhanced progress in identifying a number of leading causes to fetal miscarriage, still some women suffer from recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) for unknown cause. A hidden genetic influence of coexisting hereditary thrombophilia was assumed to have a role.

Aim: The aim was to investigate the association between unexplained RPL and thrombophilic gene variants of angiotensin I-converting enzyme () (rs4646994) and (rs1800790) genes.

The prevalence and patterns of chromosome abnormalities in newborns with major congenital anomalies: A retrospective study from Saudi Arabia.

Congenital anomalies are a worldwide health problem that places a burden on the family and society. Chromosome abnormalities are one of the leading causes for congenital anomalies in newborns. Despite the remarkable development in cytogenetic services in the past years, still there are limited data from Middle East countries.

A gastrointestinal stromal tumor of stomach presenting with an intratumoral abscess: A case report.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, GISTs of the stomach presenting as an intratumoral abscess are extremely rare, which necessitates emergency surgery, we report a case of a stomach GIST developing an intratumoral abscess, in whom emergency surgery was performed.

Presentation Of Case: A 68-year-old man presented with severe abdominal pain and a fever. Laboratory data showed an elevated white blood cell count and C-reactive protein level.

Genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism among infertile men with Klinefelter syndrome.

Background: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is one of the commonest sex chromosome disorders. Affected males become infertile and highly susceptible to several health problems, including vascular thromboembolism (VTE). The risk of VTE may be exacerbated by an underlying genetically inherited thrombophilia.

Injured coliforms in swimming pools : How big a threat?

Background: A swimming pool is an important leisure facility, but it can harbor injured cells creating potential health hazards. Disinfection of swimming pools can cause bacterial injury, when cells are exposed to a suboptimal concentration of disinfectants. Possible pathogenic bacteria can enter into an injured state, for example, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Obesity and its Association with Irisin Level Among Individuals with FNDC5/Irisin Gene Variants RS16835198 and RS726344.

Background: Irisin; a novel myokine/adipokine; encoded by FNDC5 gene have been suggested to play an important role in energy metabolism and obesity. However, the genetic variations at this locus and their effects on different metabolic parameters is still poorly understood.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of FNDC5/irisin gene polymorphisms (RS16835198 and RS726344) in obese individuals and their genotype phenotype correlation with circulating serum irisin level and other biochemical parameters like glucose, lipid metabolism and liver enzymes.

Bilayered Medium for Rapid Isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: A bilayered medium (BLM) seemed to indicate a rapid recovery time from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) for the patients in question, namely, 48 hours.

Method: Sputum specimens collected from 112 patients with clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen staining and inoculation on Löwenstein-Jensen medium (LJM) and BLM.

Abstracts from the 3rd International Genomic Medicine Conference (3rd IGMC 2015) : Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 30 November - 3 December 2015.

O1 Regulation of genes by telomere length over long distances Jerry W. Shay O2 The microtubule destabilizer KIF2A regulates the postnatal establishment of neuronal circuits in addition to prenatal cell survival, cell migration, and axon elongation, and its loss leading to malformation of cortical development and severe epilepsy Noriko Homma, Ruyun Zhou, Muhammad Imran Naseer, Adeel G. Chaudhary, Mohammed Al-Qahtani, Nobutaka Hirokawa O3 Integration of metagenomics and metabolomics in gut microbiome research Maryam Goudarzi, Albert J.

Infantile systemic hyalinosis: Report of two severe cases from Saudi Arabia and review of the literature.

Infantile systemic hyalinosis (ISH) (OMIM 228600) is a rare fatal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by extensive deposition of hyaline material in many tissues. Consanguinity has been recorded in many cases. Herein we present two new Saudi cases with review of the literature.

Detection of non-primate hepaciviruses in UK dogs.

Non-primate hepacivirus (NPHV) has been identified in dogs, horses, bats and wild rodents. The presence of NPHV in dogs outside of the USA however is yet to be established. Here we describe for the first time the detection of NPHV in the UK dog population (described throughout the manuscript as CnNPHV).

Evidence for human norovirus infection of dogs in the United kingdom.

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a major cause of viral gastroenteritis, with an estimated 3 million cases per year in the United Kingdom. HuNoVs have recently been isolated from pet dogs in Europe (M. Summa, C.

Serological evidence for multiple strains of canine norovirus in the UK dog population.

Noroviruses are associated with intestinal disease in humans, cows, pigs, mice, and, more recently, dogs. In 2007, the first canine norovirus (CNV) was identified and characterized in Italy. Subsequent studies have identified CNV in stools of dogs from Portugal, Greece, and the United States.

A phylogenetic analysis of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) isolates from six different regions of the UK and links to animal movement data.

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) is a pestivirus which infects cattle populations worldwide and is recognised as a significant source of economic loss through its impact on health and productivity. Studies investigating the molecular epidemiology of BVDV can give invaluable information about the diversity of viral strains present in a population and this, in turn, can inform control programs, drive vaccine development and determine likely infection sources. The current study investigated 104 viral isolates from forty farms across the UK.

A pestivirus DNA vaccine based on a non-antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli essential gene marker.

Antibiotic resistance genes are widely used to produce plasmid DNA vaccines, but risk unwanted exposure to antibiotic residues and the spread of resistance genes. To overcome the limitations of existing selection technologies, we developed an alternative system applying the widely used household biocide triclosan as the selective agent and an endogenous growth essential target gene, fabI, as the plasmid-borne marker in Escherichia coli. The fabI/triclosan system enables efficient, non-antibiotic selection of transformed bacteria, with improved safety and plasmid production features.

The dilemma of widal test - which brand to use? a study of four different widal brands: a cross sectional comparative study.

Background: Serodiagnosis of typhoid fever by Widal test based on demonstrating the presence of agglutinins (antibodies) in the serum of an infected patient, against the H (flagellar) and O (somatic) antigens of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi has been associated with many debates. This is why the aim of this study was to: (i) Compare the diagnostic accuracy of four different commercial kits used to perform Widal test (Remel, BioSystems, Dialab and Biotec). (ii) Compare the sensitivity and specificity of both anti-O and anti-H antibodies.

A peptide mimotope of hepatitis C virus E2 protein is immunogenic in mice and block human anti-HCV sera.

Conformational B-cell epitopes on the HCV E2 protein recognized by human antibodies were characterized by the use of a peptide mimotope named K1. K1 was identified by two HCV anti-E2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) following selection and purification of phage clones containing a 15-mer random peptide insert. Murine antisera to the mimotope K1 recognized the E2 protein.

TUBEX Test Versus Widal Test In The Diagnosis Of Typhoid Fever In Kafr El -Shekh, Egypt.

Background: The value of the Widal test for the diagnosis of typhoid fever has been debated for as many years as it has been available. TUBEX test is a serological test which was stated to have the advantages of the Widal test without its controversies. The aim of this study was to evaluate TUBEX test versus the Widal test regarding sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of typhoid fever in an endemic area like Kafr El -Shekh, Egypt.

Comparison of the efficacy of rotavirus VLP vaccines to a live homologous rotavirus vaccine in a pig model of rotavirus disease.

Rotavirus-like particles (VLPs) have shown promise as rotavirus vaccine candidates in mice, rabbits and pigs. In pigs, VLP vaccines reduced rotavirus shedding and disease but only when used in conjunction with live attenuated human rotavirus. Using a porcine rotavirus pig model, rotavirus antigen shedding was reduced by up to 40% after vaccination with VLPs including the neutralizing antigens VP7 and VP8* when used in combination with the adjuvant polyphosphazene poly[di(carbozylatophenoxy)phoshazene] (PCPP).

The zoonotic potential of rotavirus.

Rotaviruses are generally species-specific, but cross-species transmission is possible, as has been demonstrated experimentally. Several case studies have indicated infection of humans by animal rotaviruses. Comparison of genetic sequences of human and animal rotaviruses often reveals close identity.

Molecular characterization of bovine enteric caliciviruses: a distinct third genogroup of noroviruses (Norwalk-like viruses) unlikely to be of risk to humans.

Bovine enteric caliciviruses (BoCVs) have been classified in the Norovirus (Norwalk-like virus) genus of the Caliciviridae, raising questions about zoonotic transmission and an animal reservoir for the human Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs), an important cause of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in humans. We examined the genetic relationship of human NLVs to BoCVs that were identified by using reverse transcription-PCR with primer pairs originally designed to detect human NLVs. Polymerase, capsid, and open reading frame 3 (ORF3) gene sequence analyses of BoCVs that were identified from 1976 to 2000 from throughout the United Kingdom showed that BoCVs formed a distinct third genogroup of closely related viruses distinct from the human genogroup I and II NLVs.

Identification and molecular characterization of a bovine G3 rotavirus which causes age-independent diarrhea in cattle.

G3 rotaviruses have been reported rarely in cattle, and none have been characterized. We report the first genomic characterization of a bovine G3 rotavirus, CP-1, which had been biologically characterized in vivo and shown to cause age-independent diarrhea. CP-1 was a G3 rotavirus as its VP7 had 92 to 96% deduced amino acid identity to those of G3 rotaviruses.

Rotavirus cross-species pathogenicity: molecular characterization of a bovine rotavirus pathogenic for pigs.

Rotaviruses which cause disease in heterologous animal species have been reported but the molecular basis of cross-species infectivity and disease is not established. We report the molecular characterization of a cloned rotavirus, PP-1, which was originally obtained from cattle and which had been biologically characterized in vivo in two target animal species, gnotobiotic pigs and calves. In pigs, PP-1 caused severe clinical disease but in experimental calves it replicated subclinically.