Relative gene expression, micronuclei formation, and ultrastructure alterations induced by heavy metal contamination in Pimelia latreillei (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in an urban-industrial area of Alexandria, Egypt.

The present research aims to evaluate the impact of industrial processes and anthropogenic activities on the beetle Pimelia latreillei inhabiting the polluted site at Zawya Abd El- Qader, Alexandria, Egypt. Beetles were collected from the vicinity of five factories. The genotoxic effects of environmental exposures to industrial heavy metals were monitored using a broad range of assays, including energy-dispersive X ray microanalysis and X-ray diffraction (SEM and EDX)), qRT-PCR gene expression assay, micronuclei formation, and transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Linn leaf ethanolic extract: In vivo giardicidal potential with ultrastructural damage, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Introduction And Aim: Considering the magnitude of giardiasis problem, the side-effects of the used anti-giardia drugs and the resistance posed against them, the current study aimed to evaluate the giardicidal effect of leaf extract (PGLE).

Methods: For fulfilling this aim, five Swiss-albino mice groups were included; GI: non-infected, GII: -infected and non-treated, GIII: -infected and metronidazole-treated, GIV: -infected and PGLE-treated, and GV: -infected and treated with both metronidazole and PGLE. Treatment efficacy was assessed via; cyst viability and trophozoite count, trophozoite electron microscopic ultrastructure, duodenal histopathological scoring, immunohistochemistry for TNF-α and duodenal scanning electron microscopy.