Publications by authors named "Ekta Sharma"

The complex architecture of the papillary muscles (PMs) of the ventricles plays a crucial role in cardiac function and pathology. This comparative study aimed to examine the differences in PMs morphology between the right and left ventricles, focusing on their number, location, and shape. A total of 38 grossly normal hearts from donated bodies were dissected, and the number, location, and shape of PMs in both ventricles were observed.

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  • Generalized weakness in the abdominal wall can cause it to inadequately support the internal organs, leading to multiple hernias forming at various locations.
  • The authors suggest officially naming this condition "abdominal wall failure."
  • The case study discusses a patient with multiple types of hernias successfully treated using a laparoscopic surgical approach.
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  • - The study investigates the effectiveness of oral diltiazem versus topical 2% diltiazem ointment in treating chronic anal fissures, a common anorectal ailment often managed without surgery.
  • - Patients were divided into two groups: one received oral diltiazem, while the other used the topical ointment along with other conservative treatments.
  • - Results showed that the topical ointment provided better pain relief in the first week and more significant fissure healing after six weeks compared to the oral medication, suggesting it may be the superior treatment option.
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Low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites are widely acknowledged as a promising infrastructure solution for global Internet of Things (IoT) services. However, the Doppler effect presents a significant challenge in the context of long-range (LoRa) modulation uplink connectivity. This study comprehensively examines the operational efficiency of LEO satellites concerning the Doppler weather effect, with state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques.

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This study explores the impact of electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding on tear film stability, a crucial factor for ocular surface health. While mucosal and meibomian layers have been extensively studied, the role of electrolytes in the aqueous phase remains unclear. Dry eye syndrome, characterized by insufficient tear quantity or quality, is associated with hyperosmolality, making electrolyte composition an important factor that might impact tear stability.

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Background: Dengue is one of the neglected tropical diseases, with a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from acute febrile illness dengue fever to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. In recent years, it has become a major public health concern in many nonendemic areas as well.

Materials And Methods: A secondary data analysis of records available with district Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme cell was conducted to study distribution (time, place, and person) of dengue from 2017 to 2022 in Kangra, a sub-Himalayan district of Himachal Pradesh (HP).

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Frequent desalter upsets in the refineries processing opportunity crude oils are often triggered by a rapid and uncontrollable buildup of the rag layer, a thick water-in-oil emulsion, at the oil-brine interface. This is caused by spontaneous emulsification of brine in oil. This study investigates a unique observation from a spinning drop (SD) tensiometer, revealing the low apparent interfacial tension and rigidity of SD caused by spontaneous emulsification.

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Forecasting the air quality index (AQI) is a critical and pressing challenge for developing nations worldwide. With air pollution emerging as a significant threat to the environment, this study considers seven study sites of the sub-tropical region in Bangladesh and introduces a novel hybrid deep-learning model. The proposed model, expressed as CLSTM-BiGRU, integrates a convolutional neural network (CNN), a long-short term memory (LSTM), and a bi-directional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) network.

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a new emergency department (ED) intervention for the management of non-traumatic, anterior epistaxis in adult patients, aiming to reduce epistaxis admissions.

Design: A new epistaxis pathway was introduced for use by ED practitioners. This was disseminated in ED through an educational campaign by the ear, nose and throat team.

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Objective: To determine the incidence of pressure injuries (PIs) and their impact on clinical outcomes in patients treated with prone positioning for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Method: All patients with COVID-19 ARDS who were treated with prone positioning were categorised as cases and those who were not treated with prone positioning were categorised as controls. Demographics, clinical data and confounding variables affecting outcomes were recorded.

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Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by differing inflammatory endotypes. The identification of suitable biomarkers could enable personalized approaches to treatment selection.

Objective: This study aimed to identify and summarize clinical studies of biomarkers in adults with CRS in order to inform future research into CRS endotypes.

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Introduction: COVID-19 has caused 4 million deaths as of 24 August 2021. A significant number of patients were admitted to undesignated ICU areas before transfer to a desig-nated ICU owing to the unavailability of ICU beds. We aim to compare the mortality and length of stay of patients in these 2 areas.

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The RECOVERY study documented lower 28-day mortality with the use of dexamethasone in hospitalized patients on invasive mechanical ventilation or oxygen with COVID-19 Pneumonia. We aimed to examine the practice patterns of steroids use, and their impact on mortality and length of stay in ICU. We retrospectively examined records of all patients with confirmed Covid 19 pneumonia admitted to the ICU of Dubai hospital from January 1st, 2020 - June 30th, 2020.

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In this era, electronic devices such as mobile phones, computers, laptops, sensors, and many more have become a necessity in healthcare, for a pleasant lifestyle, and for carrying out tasks quickly and easily. Different types of temperature sensors, biosensors, photosensors, etc., have been developed to meet the necessities of people.

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections may have been associated with secondary infection. Community-acquired or hospital-acquired such infections affect clinical outcomes. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate the impact of these infections on clinical outcomes.

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Pollution of water linked to microbial decontamination and extensive use of sodium chlorite (NaClO) as a disinfectant, especially in the face of the current COVID-19 situation, is a serious water pollution issue that needs to be addressed. In this context, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method has been developed for the biomimetic synthesis of Ag nanospheres (Ag NSs) using aqueous extract of Piper nigrum for the detection of chlorite (ClO) and mercury (Hg) ions. The strong antioxidant properties of the biomolecules present in the Piper nigrum extract reduce silver ions (Ag) to Ag.

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Small and nutritionally at-risk infants under six months, defined as those with wasting, underweight, or other forms of growth failure, are at high-risk of mortality and morbidity. The World Health Organisation 2013 guidelines on severe acute malnutrition highlight the need to effectively manage this vulnerable group, but programmatic challenges are widely reported. This review aims to inform future management strategies for small and nutritionally at-risk infants under six months in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by synthesising evidence on existing breastfeeding support packages for all infants under six months.

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Abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear represents a substantial proportion of global marine plastic pollution and can cause significant environmental and socio-economic impacts. Yet little is known about its presence in, and implications for, freshwater ecosystems or its downstream contribution to plastic pollution in the ocean. This study documents fishing gear-related debris in one of the world's largest plastic pollution contributing river catchments, the Ganges.

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Background: As compared to other parts of the country, vaccination coverage and literacy rate in district Mewat, State Haryana (India) had been low, that is, 20.8-27% and 54%, respectively. National immunization program of the country was being implemented primarily through the field workers, and accredited social health activists (ASHAs) were one of the key grass root level link workers.

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Mucinous appendiceal neoplasms are rare and diagnosis is often difficult as patients present with non-specific symptoms often suggestive of appendicitis only and most diagnoses are made following post-surgery histology examination. Here we present a case of a mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma with areas of both Low-grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm and High-grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm, in a ruptured appendix at a district general hospital. Without early detection and treatment these pathologies can lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei, a syndrome of progressive mucinous ascites.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to see if a national journal club could boost medical students' confidence in critical appraisal, a key skill for future clinicians.
  • 98 students participated in a lecture and discussions, led by junior doctor mentors, and provided feedback through a survey before and after the event.
  • Results showed a significant increase in students' confidence (median score increased from 2 to 4) and their understanding of the importance of critical appraisal (median score increased from 3 to 5), highlighting the value of such educational opportunities.
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Modelling air quality with a practical tool that produces real-time forecasts to mitigate risk to public health continues to face significant challenges considering the chaotic, non-linear and high dimensional nature of air quality predictor variables. The novelty of this research is to propose a hybrid early-warning artificial intelligence (AI) framework that can emulate hourly air quality variables (i.e.

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A facile method has been proposed for the determination of Ferrous (Fe(II)) and Ferric (Fe(III)) ions using phosphate functionalized graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (Ph-g-CNQDs) in an aqueous medium. The easy solvothermal procedure using oleic acid as the solvent yielded the Ph-g-CNQDs in less than 30 min. The communication among the Fe(II) and Fe(III) with Ph-g-CNQDs caused quenching of the blue Ph-g-CNQDs fluorescence signals.

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Introduction: Translational inhibition of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by Posiphen has been shown to reduce APP and its fragments in cell culture, animal models, and mildly cognitively impaired patients, making it a promising drug candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: We used a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (APP/presenilin-1) to examine Posiphen's efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics.

Results: Posiphen treatment normalized impairments in spatial working memory, contextual fear learning, and synaptic function in APP/presenilin-1 mice, without affecting their visual acuity, motor skills, or motivation and without affecting wild-type mice.

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