Lateralization and inclination angle in reverse arthroplasty-what do we know?

Since the original Grammont design of a reverse shoulder arthroplasty there has been a trend to decrease inclination angle from 155° to 145 or 135°. Furthermore, lateralization on the glenoid side has been advocated. These changes decrease the risk for impingement between humerus and the inferior part of the glenoid (notching).

Progesterone, cerclage, pessary, or acetylsalicylic acid for prevention of preterm birth in singleton and multifetal pregnancies - A systematic review and meta-analyses.

Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. We aimed to provide a comprehensive systematic review on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on progesterone, cerclage, pessary, and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) to prevent preterm birth in asymptomatic women with singleton pregnancies defined as risk of preterm birth and multifetal pregnancies.

Methods: Six databases (including PubMed, Embase, Medline, the Cochrane Library) were searched up to February 2022.

SABER-Bupivacaine Reduces Postoperative Pain and Opioid Consumption After Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Shoulder arthroscopy can result in substantial postoperative pain. Sucrose acetate isobutyrate extended-release bupivacaine (SABER-Bupivacaine; trade name Posimir) is a novel depot formulation of bupivacaine designed to provide analgesia at the surgical site for up to 72 hours. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of SABER-Bupivacaine on pain and opioid consumption after arthroscopic subacromial decompression and to assess short-term and long-term safety.

No difference in clinical outcome at 2-year follow-up in patients with type III and V acromioclavicular joint dislocation treated with hook plate or physiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The need for operative treatment of acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation is unclear. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to compare the outcomes after operative treatment with a hook plate with the outcomes after nonoperative treatment of acute Rockwood type III and type V AC joint dislocations separately.

Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients aged 18-65 years with an acute type III or type V AC joint dislocation with the availability to start treatment within 3 weeks after trauma.

New types of diaphragms and cervical caps versus older types of diaphragms and different gels for contraception: a systematic review.

Introduction: Our primary objective was to evaluate whether new types of single-size diaphragms or cervical caps differ in prevention of pregnancy compared with older types of diaphragms, and whether different types of gels differ in their ability to prevent pregnancy. A secondary aim was to evaluate method discontinuation and complications.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library.

Intramedullary nailing of dislocated midshaft clavicle fractures with the Rockwood Clavicle Pin, a retrospective study.

This retrospective study evaluated the outcome after intramedullary nailing with the Rockwood Clavicle Pin (RCP) for acute displaced middle third clavicle fractures in adults. Of 84 included patients treated for this fracture 2003-2009, 66 (79%) were evaluated. Of these, 52 (79%) were re-examined, including fluoroscopy, while 14 patients (21%) were evaluated by mailed questionnaire.

Evaluation of open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using a locking plate with smooth pegs - A retrospective study.

Background: Optimal treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures is controversial. This retrospective study aims to identify complications and clinical outcomes using a locking plate with smooth pegs instead of screws (S3 plate).

Method: Eighty-two patients with displaced proximal humeral fracture classified with 2-4 fragments (Neer's classification) treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with S3 plate were studied retrospectively.

Electroencephalography-based neurofeedback as treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is debilitating for patients and society. There are a number of treatment methods albeit not all patients respond to these and an interesting method using electroencephalography-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) has become more prominent in recent years. This systematic review aimed to assess whether EEG-NF, compared with sham NF, other treatment, or no treatment, is effective for PTSD.

Management of painful reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Even though reverse shoulder arthroplasty is a very successful procedure, painful complications occur. During the initial postoperative years, the most common reasons for pain are instability, postoperative fracture of the acromion or spine, and periprosthetic infection. Later, aseptic loosening, with humeral loosening being more frequent that glenoid loosening, can be a source of pain and reduction in function.

Acute surgical treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation type V with a hook plate: superiority to late reconstruction.

Background: Outcomes for patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation, Rockwood type V, treated with acute or delayed hook plate surgery were investigated.

Materials And Methods: Patients treated with a hook plate for acromioclavicular joint dislocation, Rockwood type V, were retrospectively evaluated 1 to 8 years after the injury. Of 41 patients, 37 were re-evaluated, 32 in person and 5 by telephone or letter.

Prosthetic overhang is the most effective way to prevent scapular conflict in a reverse total shoulder prosthesis.

Background And Purpose: Despite good clinical results with the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, inferior scapular notching remains a concern. We evaluated 6 different solutions to overcome the problem of scapular notching.

Methods: An average and a "worst case scenario" shape in A-P view in a 2-D computer model of a scapula was created, using data from 200 "normal" scapulae, so that the position of the glenoid and humeral component could be changed as well as design features such as depth of the polyethylene insert, the size of glenosphere, the position of the center of rotation, and downward glenoid inclination.

Can reverse shoulder arthroplasty be used with few complications in rheumatoid arthritis?

Background: Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis develop superior migration of the humeral head because of massive cuff tears, causing loss of active motion. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty could potentially restore biomechanical balance but a high incidence of glenoid failure has been reported. These studies do not, however, typically include many patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and it is unclear whether the failure rates are similar.

Surgical treatment of chronic acromioclavicular dislocations: a comparative study of Weaver-Dunn augmented with PDS-braid or hook plate.

Background: The objective was to evaluate the Weaver-Dunn procedure (W-D) for chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocation augmented with a temporary hook plate or braided polydioxanone (PDS) loop suture.

Methods: Retrospective comparative study of all patients treated for chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocation 1995-2006; 47 out of 52 included patients were re-examined. Twenty-three patients were operated with W-D augmented with PDS-braid and 24 patients with W-D and a temporary hook plate.

Open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using a proximal humeral locked plate: a prospective multicenter analysis.

Objectives: The goal of this study is to evaluate the incidence of complications and the functional outcome after open reduction and internal fixation with the proximal humeral locking plate (Philos).

Design: Prospective case series.

Setting: Multicenter study in 8 trauma units (levels I, II, and III) with recruitment between September 12, 2002, and January 9, 2005.

Radiologic assessment of reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

The reverse shoulder prosthesis was approved for clinical use in the United States in March 2004. This new prosthesis reverses the normal ball-and-socket relationship of the shoulder joint. As a result of replacement of the glenoid component with a ball and of the humeral head with a socket, the center of rotation is moved distally and medially, allowing more control of shoulder motion by the deltoid muscle.

High dose-rate brachytherapy of prostate cancer utilising Iridium-192 after-loading technique: technical and methodological aspects.

The aim of this study was to focus on certain characteristic problems associated with Iridium-192 high dose-rate brachytherapy (Ir-192 HDR-BT) in combination with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in the treatment of patients with localised prostate cancer. Over a period of 16 years, >2,000 patients with prostate cancer have been treated in Sweden with a combination of two fractions of 10 Gy Ir-192 HDR-BT and 50 Gy of fractionated EBRT. Although this treatment is usually well tolerated, there are biological and technical factors to be considered before and during the treatment of the patient to avoid side effects or under-treatment of the target volume.

Biochemical markers of bone turnover in the dairy cow during lactation and the dry period.

We measured a bone-formation marker recognizing osteocalcin, and a bone-resorption marker recognizing C-telopeptide (CT(x)) fragments of collagen type I, in a longitudinal study. The levels of these markers in the plasma of dairy cows (n=11) were recorded over a 12 month postpartum period, including a full lactation and a dry period. The plasma concentration of CT(x) was highest in the first week after parturition.

Effects of iso- and hypervolemic hemodilution on regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery for patients with vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Arterial vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage may cause cerebral ischemia. Treatment with hemodilution, reducing blood viscosity, and hypervolemia, increasing cardiac performance and distending the vasospastic artery, are clinically established methods to improve blood flow through the vasospastic arterial bed.

Method: Eight patients with transcranial Doppler verified vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage were investigated with global (two-dimensional (133)Xenon) and regional (three-dimensional (99 m)Tc-HMPAO) cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements, before and after 1/iso- and 2/hypervolemic hemodilution.

No effect of immunosuppression with cyclosporin A detected on bone ingrowth into cancellous allo- and xenografts in the rat.

We studied the effects of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A on bone ingrowth into allo- and xenografts in the rat using titanium bone chambers. The bone chambers were implanted bilaterally in the tibia. Each rat had one allograft and one xenograft.

Additional colloids have only a minor haemodilutive effect after surgery for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Haemodilution is commonly used as prophylaxis, as well as treatment for cerebral ischaemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Thirty-six patients operated for aneurysmal SAH were evaluated retrospectively; 24 received haemodilutive therapy and 12 patients, as a control group, received no additional therapy. There was a 'spontaneous' drop in haematocrit by 22% in both groups, and a corresponding drop in haemoglobin by 23% in the treatment group and 19% in the non-haemodiluted group, during the first 4 days after the SAH.

Arthroscopic lavage reduced the recurrence rate following primary anterior shoulder dislocation. A randomised multicentre study with 1-year follow-up.

Young individuals have a high recurrence rate following non-operative treatment of traumatic primary anterior shoulder dislocation. The present multicentre study was undertaken to find out whether the results could be improved by using arthroscopic lavage as treatment. Sixty patients aged 16-30 years, with traumatic primary anterior shoulder dislocation were randomised into two groups.

Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization using transglenoid sutures.

The results of arthroscopic stabilization using multiple transglenoid sutures in 24 patients with posttraumatic recurrent anterior shoulder instability are presented with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. No serious complications were recorded. There were 2 recurrences.

Transcranial cerebral oximetry related to transcranial Doppler after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Noninvasive methods for detecting cerebral artery vasospasm, still a serious complication following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, are of vital interest. Up-to-date transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) has proved to be sensitive in detecting vasospasm in the middle cerebral artery, but has less accuracy for other cerebral arteries. Transcranial cerebral oximetry (TCCO) is a new non-invasive technique which may increase the reliability for detecting cerebral ischaemia.

[New knowledge of the mysterious "frozen shoulder". Surgical treatment can accelerate the recovery in more serious cases].

Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) affects 2-5 per cent of the population, but is most common in the 40-60-year-old age group. The disorder is divided into three phases, the painful, the stiff and the recovery phases. In most cases the condition is self-limiting with negligible residual manifestations, though its average duration is about 30 months.