Transition Readiness in Adolescents and Young Adults Living With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Objective: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) refers to a group of genetic disorders that affect cortisol biosynthesis and the need for glucocorticoid treatment is lifelong. The complexities of CAH can greatly affect teenage life and the transition from pediatric to adult care. The aim was to assess transition readiness and the impact on quality of life (QoL) as well as medication adherence rates in adolescents and young adults with CAH.

The impact of adherence and therapy regimens on quality of life in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Objective: Varying outcomes regarding the quality of life (QoL) have been reported in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). To assess the impact of adherence rate to medical therapy regimens on QoL in patients with CAH.

Patients: Adolescents and adults aged 15-72 years with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Assessment of medication adherence in children and adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the impact of knowledge and self-management.

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is caused by a deficiency of one of the enzymes required for cortisol biosynthesis. The disease is classified as either classic (severe phenotype), subdivided into simple virilizing (SV) and salt-wasting (SW), or non-classic (NC) CAH. The treatment regime involves life-long glucocorticoid replacement, especially in classic phenotype.

Oral intake of mesoporous silica is safe and well tolerated in male humans.

Background: Precisely engineered mesoporous silica has been shown to induce weight loss in mice, but whether it is safe to use in humans have not investigated.

Objective: The aim was to determine whether oral dosing, up to 9 grams/day, of precisely engineered mesoporous silica as a food additive can be used safely in male humans.

Design: This single blinded safety study consisted of two study arms including 10 males each (18-35 years).

Adherence to Vitamin Supplementation Recommendations in Youth Who Have Undergone Bariatric Surgery as Teenagers: a Mixed Methods Study.

Purpose: Adherence to vitamin supplementation recommendations after bariatric surgery is generally poor, which is associated with nutritional deficiencies. Patients' own perspectives and reasons for poor adherence to vitamin supplementation recommendations have not yet been studied in depth. The purpose of this study was first to measure the accuracy of self-reported adherence to supplementation recommendations by using objective measures of vitamin D levels in blood and thereafter to explore perceptions of barriers and facilitators to participants' adherence to supplementation recommendations.

A randomized controlled trial comparing intensive non-surgical treatment with bariatric surgery in adolescents aged 13-16 years (AMOS2): Rationale, study design, and patient recruitment.

Background: Previous non-randomized studies show similar outcomes in adolescents and adults after bariatric surgery. We describe the study protocol, recruitment, and selected baseline data of patients in a randomized multi-center study, the Adolescent Morbid Obesity Surgery 2 (AMOS2).

Methods: Three clinics in Sweden collaborated in designing the study and recruitment of patients from August 1, 2014 to June 30, 2017.

Development of sleep patterns in children with obese and normal-weight parents.

Aim: To study the sleep development and sleep characteristics in children at different obesity risks, based on parental weight, and also to explore their weekday-weekend sleep variations and associated family factors.

Methods: A total of 145 children participating in a longitudinal obesity prevention project were included, of which 37 had normal-weight parents (low obesity risk), and 108 had overweight/obese parents (high obesity risk). Sleep diaries at ages 1 and 2 years were used to study sleep development in children at different obesity risks.

Adolescents' experiences of obesity surgery: a qualitative study.

Background: The positive effects of behavioural treatment and weight management in adolescents with severe obesity are modest. Obesity surgery can be an option for adolescents, but is not the first-hand choice of treatment. The knowledge about adolescents' own experiences of having undergone surgery and their thoughts and feelings of the follow-up period are limited.

Pain and Stress Response during Intravenous Access in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Effects of EMLA and Nitrous Oxide Treatment.

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an endocrine condition that requires regularly blood samples for optimal treatment. The management of CAH in children is complex when intravenous access is one of the most stressful procedures for children. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of nitrous oxide inhalation (N2O) in combination with cutaneous application of local anesthetics (EMLA) for improving intravenous access in children with CAH.

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Degree of Obesity, and Metabolic Risk Markers in a Cohort of Swedish Children with Obesity.

Background/aims: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is affected in obesity and might influence metabolic risk. It is unclear what mechanisms cause elevated TSH in obesity. We aimed to investigate TSH status within the normal range and the association of TSH with degree of obesity and metabolic parameters in children with obesity.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in adolescents with severe obesity (AMOS): a prospective, 5-year, Swedish nationwide study.

Background: Severe obesity in adolescence is associated with reduced life expectancy and impaired quality of life. Long-term benefits of conservative treatments in adolescents are known to be modest, whereas short-term outcomes of adolescent bariatric surgery are promising. We aimed to compare 5-year outcomes of adolescent surgical patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with those of conservatively treated adolescents and of adults undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, in the Adolescent Morbid Obesity Surgery (AMOS) study.

Sleep differences in one-year-old children were related to obesity risks based on their parents' weight according to baseline longitudinal study data.

Aim: Parental obesity is the predominant risk factor for child obesity. We compared sleep in one-year-old children with different obesity risks, based on parental weight, and explored associations with weight, parental sleep and family factors.

Methods: Baseline data from 167 families participating in a longitudinal obesity prevention programme was used.

Physical Fitness and Body Composition Two Years after Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass in Adolescents.

Background: We have previously shown promising results 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, within the Adolescence Morbid Obesity Surgery study (AMOS). The aim of the current study was to describe the 2-year outcome in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and functional capacity in the Stockholm subset of the AMOS study.

Methods: Forty-one adolescents (10 male, 31 female, age 14-18 years, body mass index 35-69 kg·m) were included.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with prediabetes in obese Swedish children.

Aim: Low vitamin D levels have been associated with obesity and living in areas that lack sunshine, such as northern Europe. The aim of this study was to investigate the vitamin D status of a group of obese children in Sweden and to investigate the associations between vitamin D status and markers of glucose metabolism and metabolic risk markers.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 202 obese children between 4.

Obesogenic dietary intake in families with 1-year-old infants at high and low obesity risk based on parental weight status: baseline data from a longitudinal intervention (Early STOPP).

Purpose: To compare dietary intake in 1-year-old infants and their parents between families with high and low obesity risk, and to explore associations between infant dietary intake and relative weight.

Methods: Baseline analyses of 1-year-old infants (n = 193) and their parents participating in a longitudinal obesity intervention (Early STOPP) were carried out. Dietary intake and diet quality indicators were compared between high- and low-risk families, where obesity risk was based on parental weight status.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in adolescents with morbid obesity--surgical aspects and clinical outcome.

In this paper, we address surgical aspects on bariatric surgery in adolescents from a nationwide Swedish study. Laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery was performed for 81 adolescents with morbid obesity (13-18 years), while 81 adolescents with obesity-matched by age, sex, and BMI received conventional care. Another comparison group was adults undergoing gastric bypass at the same institution during the same time period.

Infant growth is associated with parental education but not with parental adiposity - Early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Project.

Aim: To explore the simultaneous impact of parental adiposity and education level on infant growth from birth to 12 months, adjusting for known early-life risk factors for subsequent childhood obesity.

Methods: Baseline data for 197 one-year-old children and their parents, participating in a longitudinal obesity intervention, were used. Obesity risk groups, high/low, were defined based on parental body mass index (n = 144/53) and parental education (n = 57/139).

Two-year outcome of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in adolescents with severe obesity: results from a Swedish Nationwide Study (AMOS).

Context: The prevalence of obesity among adolescents has increased and we lack effective treatments.

Objective: To determine if gastric bypass is safe and effective for an unselected cohort of adolescents with morbid obesity in specialized health care.

Design, Setting And Patients: Intervention study for 81 adolescents (13-18 years) with a body mass index (BMI) range 36-69 kg m(-2) undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery in a university hospital setting in Sweden between April 2006 and May 2009.

Effects of midazolam and nitrous oxide on endocrine and metabolic measurements in children.

Objective: Pain, stress as well as drugs may affect metabolic and endocrine measurements, especially in stressed children. The aim was to study how release of glucose and stress hormones are affected when procedural sedation with nitrous oxide or midazolam are used for establishing intravenous access in obese and lean children.

Methods: In a prospective, double-blind, randomized study 90 children, 60 obese and 30 growth-retarded (GR), aged 5-18 years, with reported anxiety or difficulties connected with i.

Efficient intravenous access without distress: a double-blind randomized study of midazolam and nitrous oxide in children and adolescents.

Objective: To determine whether treatment with midazolam or with nitrous oxide is more efficient in facilitating intravenous (IV) access in lean and obese children and adolescents.

Design: A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial of 90 children and adolescents.

Setting: Astrid Lindgrens Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Restless legs syndrome.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological sensory-motor disorder that is characterized by intense restlessness and unpleasant creeping sensations deep inside the lower legs. Symptoms appear when the legs are at rest and are worst in the evening and at night. They force patients to keep moving their legs, and often to get out of bed and wander about.