Estrogen and cytochrome P450 1B1 contribute to both early- and late-stage head and neck carcinogenesis.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is the sixth most common type of cancer in the United States. The goal of this study was to evaluate the contribution of estrogens to the development of HNSCCs. Various cell lines derived from early- and late-stage head and neck lesions were used to characterize the expression of estrogen synthesis and metabolism genes, including cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1, examine the effect of estrogen on gene expression, and evaluate the role of CYP1B1 and/or estrogen in cell motility, proliferation, and apoptosis.

Pairwise combinations of estrogen metabolism genotypes in postmenopausal breast cancer etiology.

Estrogen exposures have been associated with breast cancer risk, and genes involved in estrogen metabolism have been reported to mediate that risk. Our goal was to better understand whether combinations of candidate estrogen metabolism genotypes are associated with breast cancer etiology. A population-based case-control study in three counties of the Philadelphia Metropolitan area was undertaken.

Estrogen sulfation genes, hormone replacement therapy, and endometrial cancer risk.

Background: Unopposed estrogen replacement therapy is associated with increased risk of endometrial cancer. To investigate the mechanism of this association, we evaluated whether risk of endometrial cancer was associated with the genotypes involved in steroid hormone metabolism and the duration of exogenous hormone use.

Methods: A population-based case-control study in nine counties of the Philadelphia metropolitan area was undertaken with 502 case patients with endometrial cancer and 1326 age- and race-matched control subjects.

Genetic polymorphisms in human SULT1A1 and UGT1A1 genes associate with breast tumor characteristics: a case-series study.

Introduction: Estrogens are important in breast cancer development. SULT1A1 and UGT1A1 catalyze estrogen metabolism and are polymorphic. The SULT1A1*2 protein exhibits low activity, and a TA repeat within the UGT1A1 promoter alters the level of expression of the protein.