Implications of trinodal inhibitions and drug repurposing in MAPK pathway: A putative remedy for breast cancer.

Breast cancer has been one of the supreme causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. To make the case even more compounded, due to innate or acquired causes, cancer cells often develop resistance against the available chemotherapy or monotargeted treatments. This resistance is concomitant with increased activation of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway.