Seasonal and spatial quantitative changes in Aedes aegypti under distinctly different ecological areas of Lahore, Pakistan.

Objective: To find out the variations in larval and adult density of Aedes aegypti in different seasons under different ecological conditions.

Methods: This study was undertaken in all the nine towns and the cantonment board of Lahore, Pakistan, during four seasons in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Ovitraps were placed in houses in residential areas and were visited weekly in rainy and post-rainy seasons each year to determine the presence of immature and mature forms of Ae.

The distribution of Aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae) in eight selected parks of Lahore, using oviposition traps during rainy season.

Objective: To investigate the seasonal distribution of immature habitat of Aedes aegypti mosquito species and its association with environmental and climatic conditions.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in eight parks in Lahore, Pakistan, over three years from 2011 to 2013.A total of 2,496 ovitraps were placed in environmentally different conditions near water channels, thick vegetation cover/shades, clean/unclean sites and places where there was lot of human activity.

Sero-surveillance of dengue in the city Lahore, Pakistan.

Objective: To conduct sero-surveillance of dengue cases, and to find out the demographic and socio-economic status of dengue patients.

Methods: This community-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted at the Institute of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan, from July to December each year in 2011, 2012 and 2013, and comprised patients suspected to have dengue. Blood samples of dengue patients in five randomly selected union councils of the 10 towns of the city were subjected to the dengue test.

Predicting dengue outbreak in the metropolitan city Lahore, Pakistan, using dengue vector indices and selected climatological variables as predictors.

Objective: Dengue viruses have rapidly spread in Southeast Asia, particularly in Pakistan, during the last few years, so the present study was undertaken to formulate a model for predicting dengue outbreak.

Methodology: A panel data using STRATA statistical software was employed to determine the effects of entomological indices, Per Man Hour Density (PMHD), Minimum Infection Rate (MIR) and selected climatic variables on dengue patients by using Fixed Effects (FE) and Random Effects (RE) models.

Results: Results showed that R2 value, reflecting fitness of model was 0.