Primary health care challenges: insights from older people with multimorbidity in Malawi - a qualitative study.

Background: The global population is undergoing a significant surge in aging leading to increased susceptibility to various forms of progressive illnesses. This phenomenon significantly impacts both individual health and healthcare systems. Low and Middle Income Countries face particular challenges, as their Primary Health Care (PHC) settings often lack the necessary human and material resources to effectively address the escalating healthcare demands of the older people.

How patients experience discussing couple relationship problems with GPs: an interview study.

Background: Couple relationship satisfaction is related to good physical health, good mental health, and longevity. Many patients have discussed or wish to discuss their couple relationship with their GP and look for personalised care and support when discussing topics they perceive as sensitive.

Aim: To explore patient experiences of discussing couple relationship problems in GP consultations.

Physical activity and sedentary time after lifestyle interventions at the Norwegian Healthy Life Centres.

Aims: This study evaluates long-term changes in physical activity and its associations with various predictors after a behavior change program at the Norwegian Healthy Life Centers.

Background: Physical activity is recommended and is part of public health strategies to prevent noncommunicable diseases.

Methods: This longitudinal cohort, based on a controlled randomized trial, studies a population of 116 Healthy Life Center participants in South-Western Norway who wore SenseWear Armbands to measure time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time based on metabolic equivalents.

To reveal disease or to promote function - that is the question.

Medicine faces challenges that indicate that it may not be sustainable. A descriptive disease concept is apt to what philosopher of science Ian Hacking called "looping effects", which can explain why health care is faced with insatiable demands. Diseases are not only indifferent objects with an objective existence in the biology of individuals.

Primary healthcare service delivery for older people with progressive multimorbidity in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Ensuring primary healthcare (PHC) accessibility to older people with multimorbidity is vital in preventing unnecessary health deterioration. However, older people ≥50 y of age in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face challenges in effectively accessing and utilizing PHC. A systematic review was conducted adopting the Andersen-Newman theoretical framework for health services utilization to assess evidence on factors that affect access to PHC by older people.

Patterns of physical activity over 34 years in a large sample of adults: The HUNT study, Norway.

Aims: To examine physical activity patterns over 34 years in a representative adult population in Norway.

Methods: Longitudinal data were obtained from the Helseundersøkelsen i Trøndelag (HUNT) study, performed in 1984-1986 (HUNT1), 2006-2008 (HUNT3) and 2017-2019 (HUNT4). There were a total 123,005 participants across all four studies.

Parental alienation - a valid experience?

Background: The phenomenon of 'parental alienation' is controversial and little explored in the Nordic countries. We wanted to investigate whether parental alienation is a valid concept and how it is perceived in a Nordic context.

Material And Method: The study was based on an online survey where the participants were self-recruited.

Lower levels of physical activity volume are beneficial, and it's never too late to start: Results from the HUNT Study, Norway.

Aims: We aimed to explore (a) how different patterns of physical activity (PA) over time (36 years) were associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, (b) if the association was similar for males and females and for different body mass levels and (c) how change in PA was associated with mortality for subjects who started out as physically inactive.

Methods: The study is based on the prospective population-based cohort Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) from 1984 to 2020, across four study waves. Data were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry.

Factors associated with self-rated health in primary care in the South-Western health zone of Malawi.

Background: Self-rated health (SRH) is a single-item measure of current health, which is often used in community surveys and has been associated with various objective health outcomes. The prevalence and factors associated with SRH in Sub-Saharan Africa remain largely unknown. This study sought to investigate: (1) the prevalence of poor SRH, (2) possible associations between SRH, and socio-demographic and clinical parameters, and (3) associations between SRH and the patients' assessment of the quality of primary care.

Healthy and unhealthy eating after a behaviour change intervention in primary care.

Background: To prevent and reduce non-communicable diseases, the Norwegian Directorate of Health encourages Healthy Life Centres (HLCs) in all municipalities.

Aims: This study investigates whether the behaviour change interventions at HLCs positively affected participants' diet and to evaluate predictors for healthy and unhealthy eating. Our data are part of the Norwegian Healthy Life Centre Study, a 6-month, pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT).

How do general practitioners handle couple relationship problems in consultations? A focus group study.

Background: Couple relationship problems are common and associated with health problems. The aim of this study was to explore general practitioners' (GPs') experiences, expectations, and educational needs when dealing with couple relationship problems in consultations.

Methods: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study by carrying out 3 semistructured focus group interviews with 18 GPs.

How is motivational interviewing (un)related to self-determination theory: An empirical study from different healthcare settings.

To explore how quality aspects and clients' verbal behaviors in Motivational Interviewing sessions correspond with counsellors' support of basic psychological needs described in Self-determination Theory, we conducted a mixed method study with quantitative analyses of transformed qualitative data from counselling sessions. Coding manuals identified if the counselling was consistent with Motivational Interviewing and the support of basic psychological needs. The study supported a conceptual relationship between motivational interviewing (MI) and self-determination theory (SDT), except for autonomy support which was conceptualized differently in the two approaches.

Patients want their doctors' help to increase physical activity: a cross sectional study in general practice.

Background: Inactivity is prevalent in patients presenting in general practice, and the health benefits of increased physical activity (PA) are well known. Few studies have explored whether patients want their general practitioner's (GPs) contribution in facilitating a lifestyle change.

Objective: To identify the characteristics of patients who expect help from their doctor in increasing levels of PA.

How body concerns, body mass, self-rated health and self-esteem are mutually impacted in early adolescence: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Impaired self-rated health (SRH) and self-esteem (SE) in adolescents are associated with increased body mass index (BMI). These associations are often studied using cross-sectional designs; we performed a longitudinal cohort survey to examine them.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort study of 1225 Norwegian high school students, with SRH, SE and BMI as primary outcomes.

Factors Predicting Physical Activity and Sports Participation in Adolescence.

Physical activity is important for children's health and wellbeing, yet participation declines across teenage years. It is important to understand the mechanisms that could support adolescents to maintain physical activity participation. The aim of this study was firstly to examine change in sports and nonsports activities over two years during adolescence.

Validation of a three-item Fatigue Severity Scale for patients with substance use disorder: a cohort study from Norway for the period 2016-2020.

Background: Little attention has been paid to customising fatigue questionnaires for patients with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs). The present study aims to validate and shorten the nine-item Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS-9) and Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale (VAFS) for use with this population.

Methods: We used data from a nested cohort with annual health assessments with responses on the FSS-9 and VAFS.

Family factors predicting self-rated health during early adolescence.

Background: Health impairments in adolescents associated with divorce and loss of parental contact are frequently reported. However, other family factors more likely to promote health are less researched. We examined the impact of several family factors on self-rated health (SRH).

Complementing or conflicting? How pharmacists and physicians position the community pharmacist.

Background: Interprofessional collaboration between pharmacists and physicians in primary care has been linked to improved patient outcomes. How professionals position themselves and each other can shed light upon their relationship, and positioning theory can be used as a tool to better understand intergroup relations.

Objectives: 1) To identify how community pharmacists position themselves, and how they are positioned by general practitioners.

Couple relationship problems-a task for the general practitioner? A cross-sectional survey from Norway.

Background: A healthy couple relationship is a predictor of good health. There is a lack of knowledge about what role family and couples counselling should have in general practice.

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of patients who have talked, or want to talk, with their general practitioner (GP) about their couple relationship, to investigate what characterizes these patients and to explore whether they believe that couple relationship problems should be dealt with in general practice.

How are body mass and body attitude impacted by a behaviour change intervention in primary care? A pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

This study evaluated the effect of behaviour change interventions at Norwegian Healthy Life Centres on change in body mass index (BMI) and body attitude, and explored the predictors for change after 6 months. We randomised 118 participants to either an intervention or a control group. Eligible participants: ⩾18 years and able to take part in group-based interventions.