Transmission Rates of UV-A and Green Light in an ex vivo Corneal Cross-linking Model for Infectious Keratitis.

Purpose: To investigate the light transmission (LT) of UV-A and green light through infected corneas saturated with riboflavin or rose bengal in an ex vivo porcine model for infectious keratitis.

Setting: University of Zurich and EMPA.

Design: Laboratory study.

The interplay of stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in dental practitioners.

Objectives: Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among general dental practitioners and orthodontists is approximated to range between 64% and 93%. Etiology of WRMSDs in the mentally and physically demanding occupation remains unclear, for which reason the aim of the study was to clarify the interplay of physical, psychological, and mental factors on WRMSDs.

Method And Materials: Of 94 orthodontists and 187 general dental practitioners (mean age = 35 years) questioned using an online survey, 84% reported persisting tension or pain in the back, neck, or shoulders.

Ten-year clinical performance of zirconia posterior fixed partial dentures.

Background: With the constantly increasing demand for metal-free solutions in dental therapy, numerous ceramic restorations have found their way into everyday clinical practice, but long-term clinical data are limited.

Objective: The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate three- and four-unit fixed partial dentures in the posterior region made of zirconium dioxide frameworks veneered with feldspathic porcelain after 10 years in clinical use.

Methods: Based on the two studies published in 2009 and 2012, in which the all-ceramic FDPs were evaluated after 3 and 5 years of function, a clinical evaluation of a total of 17 restorations after 10 years with regard to their condition and long-term stability was carried out in the course of this study.

Development of a Lyophilization Process for Long-Term Storage of Albumin-Based Perfluorodecalin-Filled Artificial Oxygen Carriers.

Every day, thousands of patients receive erythrocyte concentrates (ECs). They are indispensable for modern medicine, despite their limited resource. Artificial oxygen carriers (AOCs) represent a promising approach to reduce the need for ECs.

Paracrine regulation and improvement of β-cell function by thioredoxin.

The failure of insulin-producing β-cells is the underlying cause of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. β-cell decay has been linked to hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Thioredoxin (Trx) proteins are major actors in redox signaling and essential for signal transduction and the cellular stress response.

Long-term Outcome of Speech Intelligibility in Maxillary Dental Rehabilitation with Full Dentures: A Prospective Study Using Automatic Speech Quantification.

Aims: Complete maxillary edentulism and prosthetic rehabilitation with removable full dentures are known to affect speech intelligibility. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the long-term effect of time on speech intelligibility in patients being rehabilitated with newly fabricated full maxillary dentures.

Materials And Methods: Speech was recorded in a group of 14 patients (male = 9, female = 5; mean age ± standard deviation [SD] = 66.

Influence of gender of the teaching staff on students' acceptance of a virtual implant planning course.

Acceptance of new technology is influenced by a number of situational and social factors. So far, only limited data are available on the influence of the teaching staff's gender on the acceptance of virtual dental implant planning by students. This study aimed at assessing the influence of the teaching staff's gender on the acceptance of a virtual implant planning course by male and female undergraduate dental students and their general attitude toward implantology.

Masticatory Rehabilitation of a Patient With Cleft Lip and Palate Malformation Using a Maxillary Full-Arch Reconstruction With a Prefabricated Fibula Flap.

For full-arch reconstruction of an atrophied cleft maxilla with missing premaxilla, a prefabricated microvascular free bony flap is a relevant option. A fibula flap was prefabricated in a cleft patient who received six dental implants and an epithelial layer. Six weeks later, maxillary reconstruction was performed.

Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography analysis of maxillary sinus and alveolar bone anatomy in the restorative axis of dental implants using radiopaque drill guides.

The objectives were to assess the sinus anatomy and alveolar ridge dimensions and to identify clinical factors and morphological relationships that may predict the characteristics of the sinus anatomy. A total 336 edentulous molar and 168 edentulous premolar regions were analyzed. The mediolateral maxillary sinus (5mm and 10mm above alveolar bone), lateral maxillary sinus wall, ostium height, and alveolar ridges were measured.

Case History Report: Immediate Rehabilitation with a Prefabricated Fibula Flap Following Removal of a Locally Aggressive Maxillary Tumor.

The present clinical case history report describes an interdisciplinary treatment protocol that combines maxillary tumor resection with immediate reconstruction to achieve functional rehabilitation. A fibula flap that received four dental implants and a split-thickness graft epithelial layer was prefabricated for a 31-year-old man. The flap was designed so that it could be adapted to fit in different extents of tumor resection.

A new, highly precise measurement technology for the in vitro evaluation of the accuracy of digital imaging data.

Objectives: Three-dimensional radiological imaging data play an increasingly role in planning, simulation, and navigation in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The aim of this study was to establish a new, highly precise, in vitro measurement technology for the evaluation of the geometric accuracy down to the micrometric range of digital imaging data.

Material And Methods: A macerated human mandible was scanned optically with an industrial, non-contact, white light scanner, and a three-dimensional (3D) model was obtained, which served as a master model.

Thioredoxin 1 and glutaredoxin 2 contribute to maintain the phenotype and integrity of neurons following perinatal asphyxia.

Background: Thioredoxin (Trx) family proteins are crucial mediators of cell functions via regulation of the thiol redox state of various key proteins and the levels of the intracellular second messenger hydrogen peroxide. Their expression, localization and functions are altered in various pathologies. Here, we have analyzed the impact of Trx family proteins in neuronal development and recovery, following hypoxia/ischemia and reperfusion.

Lingual concavities in the mandible: a morphological study using cross-sectional analysis determined by CBCT.

Background: Lingual undercuts are common in the edentulous mandible and pose the risk of perforating the lingual cortical bone during insertion of dental implants, which may lead to hemorrhage or infections of the parapharyngeal space. The aim of our study was to determine the occurrence and extent of lingual undercuts in the molar and premolar/canine region of the mandible.

Methods: We analyzed 716 cross-sections of the edentulous molar region and 215 cross-sections of the edentulous first premolar/canine region.

3-D based minimally invasive one-stage lateral sinus elevation - a prospective randomized clinical pilot study with blinded assessment of postoperative visible facial soft tissue volume changes.

Objective: The purpose of this prospective and randomized clinical study was to assess differences in patient morbidity between minimally invasive lateral sinus elevation (study group, n = 14) and conventional one-stage lateral sinus elevation (control group, n = 12). It was hypothesized that trauma to soft tissue was reduced in the study group.

Materials And Methods: Optical 3-D imaging was assessed blinded on days 1 and 7 after surgery to determine the visible soft tissue swelling of the upper lip and cheeks.

Speech intelligibility enhancement after maxillary denture treatment and its impact on quality of life.

Purpose: Tooth loss and its prosthetic rehabilitation significantly affect speech intelligibility. However, little is known about the influence of speech deficiencies on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The aim of this study was to investigate whether speech intelligibility enhancement through prosthetic rehabilitation significantly influences OHRQoL in patients wearing complete maxillary dentures.

Complex hemimaxillary rehabilitation with a prefabricated fibula flap and cast-based vacuum-formed surgical template.

This report describes a complex, surgical, and prosthodontic hemimaxillary rehabilitation with a prefabricated vascularized free fibula graft. The treatment was based on 3-dimensional skull and fibula models but avoided software-based virtual planning of the reconstructive procedure or the implant positions. Cast-based surgical guides were used for implant placement during prefabrication of the fibula graft and for the positioning of the prefabricated graft in the maxilla during the reconstructive procedure.

Mandibular reconstruction using intraoral microvascular anastomosis following removal of an ameloblastoma.

Ameloblastoma is a histologically benign, locally aggressive tumor arising from the odontogenic ectoderm. It accounts for 1% of all oral tumors and for 9% to 11% of all odontogenic tumors. In up to 96.

i.lect, a pre-graduate education model of implantology.

Objective: In 2008, a consensus meeting of the Association for Dental Education in Europe stated that dental implant treatment represents a popular treatment alternative and, therefore, it should be an integral part of dental student pre-graduate education. In 2009, the Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg implemented a voluntary, structured, education program for pre-graduate dental students, called 'i.lect'.

A 5-year prospective radiographic evaluation of marginal bone levels adjacent to parallel-screw cylinder machined-neck implants and rough-surfaced microthreaded implants using digitized panoramic radiographs.

Objective: The purpose of this split-mouth study was to compare macro- and microstructure implant surfaces at the marginal bone level over five years of functional loading.

Materials And Methods: From January to February 2006, 133 implants (70 rough-surfaced microthreaded implants and 63 machined-neck implants) were inserted in the mandible of 34 patients with Kennedy Class I residual dentitions and followed until December 2011. Marginal bone level was radiographically determined at six time points: implant placement (baseline), after the healing period, after six months, and at two years, three years, and five years follow-up.

Vestibuloplasty: porcine collagen matrix versus free gingival graft: a clinical and histologic study.

Background: A free gingival graft (FGG) is currently the gold standard for augmenting small areas of keratinized mucosa. The porcine collagen matrix (CM) represents an alternative to autologous tissue harvesting. This study aims to compare the CM versus FGGs for augmenting keratinized peri-implant mucosa based on clinical and histologic evaluations.

Acceptance of virtual dental implant planning software in an undergraduate curriculum: a pilot study.

Background: Advances in healthcare such as virtual dental implant planning have the capacity to result in greater accuracy, speed, and efficiencies leading to improvement in patient care. It has been suggested that the acceptance of new technology is influenced by a variety of factors including individual differences, social and situational influences, user beliefs, and user attitudes. Despite the large volume of work in this area, only limited research has been conducted in the field of dental education.

Possibilities and limitations of implant placement by virtual planning data and surgical guide templates.

The use of computer-aided surgical systems for dental implant bed preparation and implant placement results in an average precision within 1 mm of implant position and within 5 degrees of deviation for implant inclination. The accuracy of axis and implant position is significantly more precise with the three-dimensional surgical guide than with the free-hand method. The three-dimensional assessment of the restorative goal (radiopaque simulation of prosthesis with scanning template) allows virtual planning of implants, which enables optimized positioning of implants with surgical guide templates in oral surgery.

Spaced education activates students in a theoretical radiological science course: a pilot study.

Background: The present study aimed at determining if the addition of spaced education to traditional face-to-face lectures increased the time students kept busy with the learning content of a theoretical radiological science course.

Methods: The study comprised two groups of 21 third-year dental students. The students were randomly assigned to a "traditional group" and a "spaced education group".

Expression of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in soft tissue over ceramic and metal implant materials before uncovering: a clinical pilot study.

Purpose: To compare the effect of ceramic and metal implant materials on the expression pattern of inflammatory cytokines in peri-implant soft tissue.

Materials And Methods: This split-mouth study included patients who received dental implants. In each patient, four different materials were used for the implant cover screws: the ceramic material titanium niobium oxynitride ([Ti,Nb]ON) with plasma-chemical oxidation treatment, (Ti,Nb)ON, a titanium-tantalum alloy, and tantalum.