Progressive atrophy in a deformed liver as a contributor to sigmoid volvulus.

The effect of a prior defect on secondary liver atrophy is unknown. We describe a case of sigmoid volvulus that was facilitated by progressive atrophy in a deformed liver. A 75-year-old man with abdominal pain and fullness was referred to our hospital.

Chemoprevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma in a rat model by ursodeoxycholic acid.

Reflux of bile acid into the esophagus induces esophagitis, inflammation-stimulated hyperplasia, metaplasia such as Barrett's esophagus (BE), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Caudal-type homeobox 2 (Cdx2) via nuclear factor (NF)-κB induced by bile acid is an important factor in the development of BE and EAC. In colorectal cancer, experimental data suggest a chemopreventive effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).

[A case of locally advanced rectal cancer successfully treated by laparoscopic intersphincteric resection and effective neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy].

A 74-year-old woman was diagnosed as having lower rectal cancer. Colonoscopy revealed a type 2 circular tumor over 15 cm from the port side close to the dentate line. The patient was diagnosed as having a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma by biopsy.

[A case of advanced colon cancer successfully treated with combination therapy of cetuximab and oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil].

A 65-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for examination of anemia. Colonoscopy showed a type 1 tumor in the ascending colon with nearly complete stenosis that was diagnosed as a tubular adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography (CT) revealed swelling of the regional, periaortic, and celiac lymph nodes and lymphangitis carcinomatosa.

[A case of unresectable HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer successfully treated by combination therapy with trastuzumab and paclitaxel].

A 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital for close examination and treatment of an advanced gastric cancer. Gastrointestinal endoscopic examination showed a type 3 tumor, which was diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and computed tomography showed multiple enlarged liver metastases in both the lobes. He underwent gastrojejunostomy and was treated with S-1 and cisplatin combination chemotherapy.

PTD classification: proposal for a new classification of gastric cancer location based on physiological lymphatic flow.

Background: We propose a new classification for the location of gastric cancer - the PTD classification (i.e., zones P, T, and D; see below), with the zones classified according to the physiological lymphatic flow.