Bonding and parent-child quality of interaction in parents with eating disorder: A scoping review.

Objective: To summarise existing evidence on bonding and parent-child quality of interaction in parents with eating disorder (ED).

Methods: A scoping review was conducted. Seven databases (PsycInfo, Embase, Medline, Pubmed, OpenGrey, ProQuest and Google Scholar) were examined and studies exploring research into bonding and quality of interaction in parents with ED were included.

Family therapy for emerging adults with anorexia nervosa: Expert opinion on evidence, practice considerations, and future directions.

Various forms of eating disorder focused family therapy (FT-ED) have been developed and evaluated for adolescents. FT-ED for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) focuses on empowering parents/carers with the knowledge and skills required to facilitate recovery for their child. The recent trend and increased awareness of the period between adolescence and adulthood during ages 18-25, known as 'emerging adulthood', has brought into question whether the traditional treatment approach for adults with AN, that is, individual therapies, is the most appropriate approach for this age group.

Clinician perspectives on how change occurs in multi-family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa: a qualitative study.

Background: Multi-family Therapy (MFT) is being increasingly used in specialist eating disorder services internationally. Despite evidence of its efficacy, little is understood about the treatment mechanisms and what specifically promotes change. This study aimed to understand clinician perspectives on how change occurs during MFT.

Multi-family Therapy for Eating Disorders Across the Lifespan.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to report on recent evidence for multi-family therapy for eating disorders (MFT) across the lifespan. It is a narrative update of recent systematic, scoping and meta-analytic reviews.

Recent Findings: There has been a recent increase in published theoretical, quantitative and qualitative reports on MFT in the past few years.

The Role of the Dietitian within Family Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa (FT-AN): A Reflexive Thematic Analysis of Child and Adolescent Eating Disorder Clinician Perspectives.

Background: Despite dietitians being important members of the multidisciplinary team delivering family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN), their specific responsibilities and roles are unclear and their involvement in the treatment can be a contentious issue.

Methodology: Clinicians ( = 20) experienced in the delivery of FT-AN who were working at a specialist child and adolescent eating disorder service responded to an online survey about their experience of including a dietitian in FT-AN and how they understand the role. Both categorical and open-ended questions were used.

How young people perceive change to occur in family therapy for anorexia nervosa: a qualitative study.

Background: Family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN) is the first line recommended treatment for child and adolescent anorexia nervosa. Despite evidence of its efficacy, little is understood about the treatment mechanisms. This study aimed to understand how young people who have received FT-AN perceive change to occur across treatment.

Moderators of treatment effect in a randomised controlled trial of single- and multi-family therapy for anorexia nervosa in adolescents and emerging adults.

Introduction: Multi-family therapy for anorexia nervosa (MFT-AN) is a novel, group-based intervention that intensifies single-family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN), with the aim of improving outcomes. The current study explored treatment moderators in a randomised controlled trial (N = 167) of FT-AN and MFT-AN for young people (adolescents/emerging adults aged 13-20 years) with anorexia nervosa.

Methods: Data were analysed using multiple linear regression.

Perceived change mechanisms in multi-family therapy for anorexia nervosa: A qualitative follow-up study of adolescent and parent experiences.

Objective: Multi-family therapy (MFT-AN) is a promising group-based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa. This study aimed to explore how young people and parents perceived change to occur during MFT treatment.

Methods: Young people (10-18 years) diagnosed with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa and their parents who completed MFT-AN alongside family therapy for anorexia nervosa within the preceding 2 years were eligible for this study.

Improving programme-led and focused interventions for eating disorders: An experts' consensus statement-A UK perspective.

Objective: Eating disorders are associated with significant illness burden and costs, yet access to evidence-based care is limited. Greater use of programme-led and focused interventions that are less resource-intensive might be part of the solution to this demand-capacity mismatch.

Method: In October 2022, a group of predominantly UK-based clinical and academic researchers, charity representatives and people with lived experience convened to consider ways to improve access to, and efficacy of, programme-led and focused interventions for eating disorders in an attempt to bridge the demand-capacity gap.

Attachment in individuals with eating disorders compared to community controls: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Individuals with eating disorders are known to have higher rates of insecure attachment compared to community controls, but the factors underlying this finding are poorly understood. We conducted the first meta-analysis comparing attachment in eating disorder samples compared to community controls that included quality assessment, publication bias and moderation analysis.

Method: We pre-registered our meta-analysis (CRD42019146799) and followed PRISMA guidelines.

Effect of maternal eating disorders on mother-infant quality of interaction, bonding and child temperament: A longitudinal study.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal eating disorders (ED) on mother-infant quality of interaction at 8 weeks and bonding and child temperament at 1 and 2 years postnatally. We also aimed to explore the relationship between maternal ED psychopathology, comorbid psychiatric difficulties, and both mother-infant quality of interaction and bonding in women with ED. Women were recruited to a prospective longitudinal study.

Implementing service transformation for children and adolescents with eating disorders across England: the theory, politics, and pragmatics of large-scale service reform.

Background: Eating disorders are among the most serious mental health problems affecting children and young people and without appropriate treatment often have a protracted course with high levels of morbidity and mortality. While considerable progress has been made in recent years in developing effective evidence-based outpatient treatments, these are not always readily available. In England, until recently, the usual care pathway for young people with an eating disorder was referral from primary care to local generic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services with varying levels of expertise in eating disorders and a mix of outpatient treatments available.

Silent witnesses: the experience of having a sibling with anorexia nervosa.

Background: This study explored the experience of having a sibling with anorexia nervosa and the sibling perspectives on service provision.

Method: Four focus groups were conducted with 14 siblings (8 female, 6 male, age 11-19 years) of adolescents with anorexia nervosa or related restrictive eating disorders. Group discussions were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

From efficacy to effectiveness: child and adolescent eating disorder treatments in the real world (part 1)-treatment course and outcomes.

Background: Findings from randomised control trials inform the development of evidence-based eating disorder (ED) practice guidelines internationally. Only recently are data beginning to emerge regarding how these treatments perform outside of research settings. This study aimed to evaluate treatment pathways and outcomes for a specialist child and adolescent ED service across a five-year period.

Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial comparing systemic family therapy (FT-S) added to treatment as usual (TAU) with TAU alone in adolescents with anorexia nervosa.

Background: Randomized controlled trials showed the efficacy of family therapy for anorexia nervosa during adolescence, but studies examining its long-term beneficial effect are still needed. This article presents the results of a 54-month post-randomization follow-up of a previously reported randomized controlled trial that compared two post-hospitalization outpatient treatment programs: Treatment As Usual alone versus Systemic Family Therapy added to Treatment As Usual.

Methods: A consecutive series of 60 female adolescents with anorexia nervosa (DSM-IV) were randomized (30 per group).

From efficacy to effectiveness: child and adolescent eating disorder treatments in the real world (Part 2): 7-year follow-up.

Background: Eating disorders are often characterised as disabling, chronic or relapsing conditions with high mortality rates. This study reports follow-up outcomes for patients seen at the Maudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders (MCCAED), whose end of treatment outcomes are reported in a separate paper.

Methods: Three-hundred-and-fifty-seven former patients, who received evidence-based treatment for an eating disorder as a child or adolescent in MCCAED between 2009 and 2014 were eligible to participate.

Attachment and mentalization as predictors of outcome in family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa.

Anorexia nervosa-focussed family therapy (FT-AN) is the first-line treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), but the predictors of poor treatment response are not well understood. The main aim of this study was to investigate the role of attachment and mentalization in predicting treatment outcome. The secondary aims of the study were to investigate therapeutic alliance at 1 month as a predictor of outcome, and to test the associations between alliance and baseline attachment and mentalization.

Multi-family therapy for eating disorders: A systematic scoping review of the quantitative and qualitative findings.

Objective: This study reviewed the quantitative and qualitative evidence-base for multi-family therapy (MFT) for eating disorders regarding change in physical and psychological symptoms, broader individual and family factors, and the experience of treatment.

Method: A systematic scoping review was conducted. Four databases (PsycInfo, Medline, Embase, CENTRAL) and five grey literature databases were searched on 24th June 2021 for relevant peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and dissertations.

Radically open dialectical behaviour therapy adapted for adolescents: a case series.

Background: Overcontrol is a transdiagnostic cluster of traits associated with excessive psychological, behavioural and social inhibitory control. It is associated with psychiatric diagnoses of depression, restrictive eating disorders and/or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Radically Open Dialectical Behaviour Therapy is a transdiagnostic treatment for maladaptive overcontrol.

Temperament-based treatment for young adults with eating disorders: acceptability and initial efficacy of an intensive, multi-family, parent-involved treatment.

Background: Adult eating disorder treatments are hampered by lack of access and limited efficacy. This open-trial study evaluated the acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a novel intervention for adults with eating disorders delivered to young adults and parent-supports in an intensive, multi-family format (Young Adult Temperament-Based Treatment with Supports; YA-TBT-S).

Methods: 38 YA-TBT-S participants (m age = 19.

Formulation in eating disorder focused family therapy: why, when and how?

In the broadest sense, formulation, or case conceptualisation, is the process of collaborative sense-making. It is something all clinicians are doing constantly, whether formally and consciously or not. Most clinicians are familiar with the general principals and need to formulate as it is a core part of clinical training across most disciplines.

The experience of intolerance of uncertainty for parents of young people with a restrictive eating disorder.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore how parents of young people with a restrictive eating disorder (ED) experience and manage uncertainty.

Methods: Seventeen parents of young people with a restrictive ED were recruited from multi-family therapy groups run within a specialised ED clinic. Five focus groups were conducted asking parents about their experience of uncertainty both prior and after the onset of their child's illness.

Is this the 'new normal'? A mixed method investigation of young person, parent and clinician experience of online eating disorder treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, research in virtual care for young people with eating disorders was preliminary and implementation rare. This study explored the experience of young people, parents and clinicians when therapy was transitioned to virtual provision as a result of the UK lockdown in March 2020.

Methods: A mixed-method approach was used in this study.

Brief early adolescent multi-family therapy (BEAM) trial for anorexia nervosa: a feasibility randomized controlled trial protocol.

Introduction: Multi-family therapy (MFT) is a recommended treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa internationally. Despite recent significant advances in single-family therapy, the evidence base for MFT remains relatively small. Several individual and family factors have been associated with poorer outcomes in single-family therapy, many of which may be addressed or ameliorated by MFT if delivered early in treatment.