Feasibility of a culturally adapted technology-delivered, family-based childhood obesity intervention for Latino/Hispanic families in rural Nebraska: the Hispanic Family Connections study protocol.

Introduction: Addressing childhood obesity risk factors like home environment, parental roles, excess weight, physical activity and healthy eating among Latino/Hispanic (L/H) families living in rural communities is an important priority. However, evidence supporting these interventions among L/H families living in rural communities is missing. Our trial will use cultural adaptation and implementation science frameworks to evaluate the feasibility of delivering a culturally appropriate family-based childhood obesity (FBCO) programme via an automated telephone system (interactive voice response) to L/H families in rural Nebraska.

A Theory of Transitions Influencing Diabetes Self-management Among Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

Emerging adults with type 1 diabetes are experiencing numerous transitions, potentially affecting diabetes self-management. For example, when transitioning to college, these emerging adults may experience changes in their daily routines and usual reminders or triggers for habitual behavior such as checking blood glucose levels. In turn, these emerging adults may omit checking glucose levels, impacting decisional and adaptational diabetes self-management behavior associated with their insulin dose or bolus.

Methodologies Used in Studies of Self-Management Interventions for Urinary Incontinence in Adult Women: An Integrative Review.

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) affects approximately 60% of women in the United States and negatively impacts self-esteem, sexual function, participation in social activities, and quality of life (QOL). Self-management interventions show promise for improving UI symptoms and QOL. Previous reviews of UI self-management studies have focused on outcomes for older women.

"Ask, 'When You Do This, How Much Pain Are You In?'": Content Preferences for a Conversational Pain Self-Management Software Application.

The purpose of the current study was to examine older adults' preferences for conversational pain management content to incorporate in an interactive application (app) for pain self-management. Conversational statements and questions were written as a script to encourage evidence-based pain self-management behaviors. The content was converted from text to female chatbot speech and saved as four groups of MP3 files.

Interventions for Rural Caregiver Health: An Integrative Review.

Few health behavior interventions exist for rural caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) in the United States. Of interventions that have been studied, little is known about health outcomes that are included in interventions and which interventions are most effective on health outcomes. An integrative literature review of intervention studies for rural caregiver health throughout the United States was undertaken with an emphasis on concepts related to health promotion, self-management, self-care, and/or self-efficacy.

Early chains of transmission of COVID-19 in France, January to March 2020.

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has spread rapidly worldwide. In January 2020, a surveillance system was implemented in France for early detection of cases and their contacts to help limit secondary transmissions.AimTo use contact-tracing data collected during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic to better characterise SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

Lockdown impact on age-specific contact patterns and behaviours, France, April 2020.

BackgroundMany countries implemented national lockdowns to contain the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and avoid overburdening healthcare capacity.AimWe aimed to quantify how the French lockdown impacted population mixing, contact patterns and behaviours.MethodsWe conducted an online survey using convenience sampling and collected information from participants aged 18 years and older between 10 April and 28 April 2020.

Female teachers' child abuse reporting role in Oman: Results from focus groups.

Background: Schoolteachers are in a good position to identify and report suspected child abuse and neglect cases; however, they still fail to report all the cases. Recently, the Sultanate of Oman, which is a collectivistic culture, mandated schoolteachers to report any suspected case. However, there is a lack of evidence known to us about the factors associated with Omani teachers' reporting behavior.

A web-based intervention is feasible for supporting weight loss and increased activity in rural women with arthritis.

Rural women have well documented health disparities, with higher prevalence of obesity and chronic conditions, including arthritis. Change in weight and actigraph-recorded data were examined in a subset of 63 of 82 women with physician-diagnosed arthritis who completed a 30-month web-based clinical trial. Repeated measures analyses showed women lost weight from baseline to six months, slowly regained at 18 and 30 months, ending with a lower weight than baseline F(1,62)=40.

Mobile health assisted self-monitoring is acceptable for supporting weight loss in rural men: a pragmatic randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Background: Addressing overweight and obesity among men at-risk for obesity-related diseases and disability in rural communities is a public health issue. Commercial smartphone applications (apps) that promote self-monitoring for weight loss are widely available. Evidence is lacking regarding what support is required to enhance user engagement with and effectiveness of those technologies.

Flux, toxicity, and expression costs generate complex genetic interactions in a metabolic pathway.

Our ability to predict the impact of mutations on traits relevant for disease and evolution remains severely limited by the dependence of their effects on the genetic background and environment. Even when molecular interactions between genes are known, it is unclear how these translate to organism-level interactions between alleles. We therefore characterized the interplay of genetic and environmental dependencies in determining fitness by quantifying ~4000 fitness interactions between expression variants of two metabolic genes, starting from various environmentally modulated expression levels.

Mobile technology intervention for weight loss in rural men: protocol for a pilot pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Men who are overweight or obese in the rural Midwestern USA are an unrepresented, at-risk group exhibiting rising rates of cardiovascular disease, poor access to preventive care and poor lifestyle behaviours that contribute to sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet. Self-monitoring of eating and activity has demonstrated efficacy for weight loss. Use of mobile technologies for self-monitoring eating and activity may address rural men's access disparities to preventive health resources and support weight loss.

Intervention Components Targeting Self-Management in Individuals with Multiple Chronic Conditions: An Integrative Review.

Multiple chronic conditions (MCC) are becoming increasingly common and self-management (SM) interventions to address MCC are emerging. Prior reviews have broadly examined SM interventions in MCC; however, interventional components were not thoroughly described. Components of SM interventions that have been delivered to individuals with MCC were identified.

Feasibility of Synchronous Online Focus Groups of Rural Breast Cancer Survivors on Web-Based Distress Self-Management.

Purpose: To obtain rural breast cancer survivors' perceptions of CaringGuidance™ After Breast Cancer Diagnosis, a web-based, psychoeducational, distress self-management program, and explore the feasibility of gathering survivors' perceptions about CaringGuidance using online focus groups (OFGs).

Participants & Setting: 23 survivors of early-stage breast cancer, a mean of 2.5 years postdiagnosis, living in rural Nebraska.

Web-Based Interventions Alone or Supplemented with Peer-Led Support or Professional Email Counseling for Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance in Women from Rural Communities: Results of a Clinical Trial.

. This trial compared the effectiveness of a web-based only (WO) intervention with web-based supplemented by peer-led discussion (WD) or professional email counseling (WE) across 3 phases to achieve weight loss and weight maintenance in women from underserved rural communities. .

Acceptability of mHealth Technology for Self-Monitoring Eating and Activity among Rural Men.

Objective: To examine rural men's use and perceptions of mobile and wireless devices to self-monitor eating and physical activity (mHealth).

Design And Sample: Men in this 3-week pilot study used FitBit One to log daily food intake and monitor activity. A companion application (app) allowed activity monitoring of fellow participants.

The influence of cognitive decline on rural identity: perspectives of older women.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of community-dwelling rural, older women concerning the meaning of cognitive decline and to ascertain how cognitive decline affects their lives and the lives of those around them.

Design: An ethnographic design guided 1 year of cultural immersion in a rural, farming county in Nebraska.

Method: Four life history interviews, participant observations, field notes, and cultural artifacts were collected for case-focused analysis.

A case report of historical trauma among American Indians on a rural Northern Plains reservation.

This case report describes historical trauma on a rural American Indian reservation and outlines participatory action approaches for nurses. The prevalence of historical trauma often goes unnoticed by healthcare professionals because of its multifaceted nature and subsequent lack of provider understanding. Nurses accustomed to looking only for physical and psychosocial signs of trauma may not specifically understand how to align significant historical trauma events with prevention, education, and healthcare delivery.

Calibration of neutron albedo dosemeters.

It is shown that by calibrating neutron albedo dosemeters under the proper conditions, two complicating effects will essentially cancel out, allowing accurate calibrations with no need for explicit corrections. The 'proper conditions' are: a large room (> or = 8 m on a side). use of a D2O moderated 252Cf source, and a source-to-phantom calibration distance of approximately 70 cm.

Normal physiologic values of neonatal pigs and the effects of isoflurane and pentobarbital anesthesia.

The newborn piglet is becoming increasingly popular as a model for neonatal studies. However, data on normal physiologic baseline values and the influence of anesthesia on these values are scarce. In this study, we describe husbandry, surgical, and experimental methods used to establish a conscious, chronically catheterized neonatal piglet model, which enabled study of unrestrained piglets recovered from surgery and anesthesia, for up to 10 days after separation from the sow.

Technique for placement of chronic third cerebroventricular cannula in female goats (Capra hircus).

A practical method for chronic catheterization of the third cerebroventricular space in goats was developed by using a stereotaxic device. In female goats of various ages and weights, a stereotaxically mounted drill was positioned at an angle of 11.5 degrees with the tip of the drill bit located at a skull reference point 2 to 3 mm rostral to the posterior border of Bregma (intersection of the coronal with the sagittal sutures).

Methamphetamine detection from meconium and amniotic fluid in guinea pigs depends on gestational age and metabolism.

Significant adverse perinatal effects of maternal methamphetamine use have been reported, but little is known about factors influencing methamphetamine screening test results during the perinatal period. We tested the hypothesis that gestational age would affect quantitative recovery of methamphetamine in meconium and amniotic fluid. Time-bred guinea pigs received an intraperitoneal (i.

Calculations of displacement corrections for in-phantom measurements with ionisation chambers for mammography.

Displacement corrections for in-phantom measurements with ionisation chambers for the purpose of mammography are large and represent a major correction to consider for dose determinations. Experimental data on displacement corrections depend to a large degree on the model used to extrapolate to zero cavity radius. Calculations of displacement correction factors using a Monte Carlo code are presented for different cavity shapes, i.