A 13-year review of triple jump examination at the Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California.

Objectives: The triple jump examination (TJE) has been instituted at the Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California (OSDUSC) since 2001 as an assessment tool of critical thinking skills for its learner-centered pedagogy. A 2013 study detailed the TJE's design, validity, and initial outcomes. The current study focused on its 13-year sustainability including a transition from in-person to hybrid TJE by assessing outcomes from the graduating Classes of 2014 through 2026.

A dynamic time-to-event model for prediction of acute graft-versus-host disease in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) is a major cause of death for patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Effective management of moderate to severe aGvHD remains challenging despite recent advances in HSCT, emphasizing the importance of prophylaxis and risk factor identification.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed data from 1479 adults who underwent HSCT between 2005 and 2017 to investigate the effects of aGvHD prophylaxis and time-dependent risk factors on the development of grades II-IV aGvHD within 100 days post-HSCT.

Effect of Body Mass Index on Chiari Malformation 1 Tonsil Ectopia Length in Adults.

Objective: Diagnosis of Chiari I malformation (CM-1) is based on measurements of the inferior extension of the cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum on cranial or cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging may be obtained before the patient is referred to the neurosurgical specialist. The length of time raises questions about the possibility that body mass index (BMI) fluctuations could affect the measurement of ectopia length.

Intravenous N-Acetylcysteine to Prevent Cisplatin-Induced Hearing Loss in Children: A Nonrandomized Controlled Phase I Trial.

Purpose: Cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL) is common and permanent. As compared with earlier otoprotectants, we hypothesized N-acetylcysteine (NAC) offers potential for stronger otoprotection through stimulation of glutathione (GSH) production. This study tested the optimal dose, safety, and efficacy of NAC to prevent CIHL.

Cranial Versus Cervical Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adult Chiari Malformation Type I Diagnostics: Is There a Difference in Tonsil Ectopia Length?

Background: Chiari malformation type 1 (CM-1) diagnosis is based on measurement of the cerebellar tonsils on cranial or cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, imaging parameters of cranial and cervical spine MRI could differ because spine MRI has greater resolution.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 161 patients of a single neurosurgeon for adult CM-I consultation between February 2006 and March 2019.

Home Literacy Experiences and Shared Reading Practices: Preschoolers With Hearing Loss.

Home literacy experiences and observed parent and child behaviors during shared book reading were investigated in preschool-age children with hearing loss and with typical hearing to examine the relationships between those factors and children's language skills. The methods involved parent-reported home literacy experiences and videotaped parent-child dyads during shared book reading. Children's language skills were tested using the Preschool Language Scale-4.

Time-dependent prediction of mortality and cytomegalovirus reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation using machine learning.

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) effectively treats high-risk hematologic diseases but can entail HCT-specific complications, which may be minimized by appropriate patient management, supported by accurate, individual risk estimation. However, almost all HCT risk scores are limited to a single risk assessment before HCT without incorporation of additional data. We developed machine learning models that integrate both baseline patient data and time-dependent laboratory measurements to individually predict mortality and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation after HCT at multiple time points per patient.

Distinct CholinomiR Blood Cell Signature as a Potential Modulator of the Cholinergic System in Women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome.

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a heterogeneous chronic pain syndrome characterized by musculoskeletal pain and other key co-morbidities including fatigue and a depressed mood. FMS involves altered functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system (CNS, PNS) and immune system, but the specific molecular pathophysiology remains unclear. Anti-cholinergic treatment is effective in FMS patient subgroups, and cholinergic signaling is a strong modulator of CNS and PNS immune processes.

Parenting Stress, Self-Efficacy, and Involvement: Effects on Spoken Language Ability Three Years After Cochlear Implantation.

Objective: This study evaluated associations among parenting stress, self-efficacy, and involvement in relation to spoken language outcomes in young children 3 years following cochlear implantation.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Six university tertiary medical centers.

Perceptions of the Moral Obligations of Pediatric Nurses During an Active Shooter Event in a Children's Hospital.

Purpose: To explore and compare the perceptions of nurses and parent/family advisors regarding pediatric nurses' moral obligations to children and families during an active shooter event in a children's hospital.

Design And Methods: This was a descriptive, exploratory study using survey methodology. A convenience sample of all licensed nurses and parent/family advisors from four children's hospitals across the United States were recruited.

Developmental Outcomes in Early-Identified Children Who Are Hard of Hearing at 2 to 3 Years of Age.

Objectives: This study examined the psychosocial, adaptive behavior, and language outcomes of young children who are hard of hearing (HH) without additional disabilities or neurocognitive impairments. Relations between early developmental outcomes and child and parent demographic variables, and parenting stress and self-efficacy were also explored.

Design: Participants were 39 children with early identified, permanent mild to severe hearing loss, between the ages of 2 and 3 years, and a comparison group of 47 children with normal hearing (NH).

Recommendations From the Professional Advisory Committee on Nursing Practice in the Care of ECMO-Supported Patients.

Background: By July 2020, the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization had documented more than 133 000 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) implementations, with more than 61 000 implementations in adult patients. No clear policies regarding the authority and responsibility of nursing staff in the treatment of ECMO-supported patients are currently available.

Objective: To formulate evidence-based recommendations for nursing care of ECMO-supported patients.

First Do No Harm: Ethical Concerns of Health Researchers That Discourage the Sharing of Results With Research Participants.

Health researchers and health research participants support the sharing of research results; however, results are typically only shared through peer-reviewed publications. Few studies have investigated researchers' ethical concerns related to sharing results with research participants. An explanatory approach was used to explore the ethical concerns researchers may have with returning aggregate results to research participants.