Physiotherapy educators' perceptions of physiotherapists' competencies and continuing education in the practice of musculoskeletal physiotherapy direct access.

Introduction: The aim of direct access (DA) physiotherapy practice in Finland is the treatment of musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions by physiotherapists who have completed continuing DA education. It is difficult to pinpoint the competencies of DA physiotherapists as their roles and scope of practice varies.

Purpose: The present study aimed to explore the competencies and education of DA physiotherapists through the perceptions of DA educators.

Generation and Characterization of iPS Cells Derived from APECED Patients for Gene Correction.

APECED (Autoimmune-Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal-Dystrophy) is a severe and incurable multiorgan autoimmune disease caused by mutations in the (autoimmune regulator) gene. Without functional AIRE, the development of central and peripheral immune tolerance is severely impaired allowing the accumulation of autoreactive immune cells in the periphery. This leads to multiple endocrine and non-endocrine autoimmune disorders and mucocutaneous candidiasis in APECED patients.

Knowledge translation from continuing education to physiotherapy practice in classifying patients with low back pain.

Objectives: Physical therapists have used continuing education as a method of improving their skills in conducting clinical examination of patients with low back pain (LBP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate how well the pathoanatomical classification of patients in acute or subacute LBP can be learned and applied through a continuing education format. The patients were seen in a direct access setting.

Clinical perspective: how do clinical test results differentiate chronic and subacute low back pain patients from "non-patients"?

Our limited understanding of underlying conditions for back pain is reflected in the common use of pain-duration-based groupings. The aim of this paper was to investigate typical clinical tests used in examining low back pain (LBP) patients in order to discover how tests distinguish between chronic low back pain patients (CLBP) and subacute low back pain patients (SLBP) and if they distinguish these groups from those with no "patient status." CLBP patients in this study were from a university hospital and SLBP patients were from five occupational health care centers.