Elevated postvoid residual in women with pelvic floor disorders: prevalence and associated risk factors.

A retrospective case-control study was designed to assess risks for elevated post void residual (PVR) in women with pelvic floor disorders. The 1,399 women underwent evaluation including standardized questionnaire, examination, and catheterized PVR. Elevated PVR was defined as > or =100 ml and anterior and apical prolapse was defined as at or beyond the hymen.

The relationship between congestive heart failure, sleep apnea, and mortality in older men.

Study Objectives: To examine the association of sleep apnea with heart disease.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Medical wards at the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System.