Rapid laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infection, with or without antibiotic decision support-a small pilot study investigating accuracy and clinical impact.

The study evaluated the accuracy and clinical impact of rapid diagnostics (RD) with or without antibiotic decision support (ADS) for hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections. A two-centre prospective intervention was conducted with 230 patients divided into three groups: RD-only (n = 59), RD plus ADS (n = 56) and a control group (n = 115). Mean laboratory turnaround time for RD was 10 h and 50 min.

Cellular immunity against cytomegalovirus and risk of infection after kidney transplantation.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a challenge following kidney transplantation (KTx). Currently, CMV-IgG serostatus at transplantation is used to individualize CMV preventive strategies. We assessed the clinical utility of CMV-IGRA for predicting CMV infection following KTx.

Cytomegalovirus High-risk Kidney Transplant Recipients Show No Difference in Long-term Outcomes Following Preemptive Versus Prophylactic Management.

Background: Following kidney transplantation (KT), cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains an important challenge. Both prophylactic and preemptive antiviral protocols are used for CMV high-risk kidney recipients (donor seropositive/recipient seronegative; D+/R-). We performed a nationwide comparison of the 2 strategies in de novo D+/R- KT recipients accessing long-term outcomes.

Emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli causing bloodstream infections in Norway in 2002-17: a nationwide, longitudinal, microbial population genomic study.

Background: The clonal diversity underpinning trends in multidrug resistant Escherichia coli causing bloodstream infections remains uncertain. We aimed to determine the contribution of individual clones to resistance over time, using large-scale genomics-based molecular epidemiology.

Methods: This was a longitudinal, E coli population, genomic, cohort study that sampled isolates from 22 512 E coli bloodstream infections included in the Norwegian surveillance programme on resistant microbes (NORM) from 2002 to 2017.

Diagnostic stewardship aiming at expectorated or induced sputum promotes microbial diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia.

Purpose: Studies on aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) vary in terms of microbial sampling methods, anatomical locations, and laboratory analyses, since no gold standard exists. In this large, multicentre, retrospective, regional study from Norway, our primary objective was to report the results of a strategic diagnostic stewardship intervention, targeting diagnostic yield from lower respiratory tract sampling. The secondary objective was to report hospitalized CAP aetiology and the diagnostic yield of various anatomical sampling locations.

Mecillinam against genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a small-scale proof-of-concept study shows a low cure rate.

Objectives: Mecillinam is highly active in vitro against Chlamydia spp. We aimed to determine whether mecillinam should be evaluated further as treatment for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Patients And Methods: The study was conducted at an open-access clinic for sexually transmitted infections in Oslo, Norway.

Automated identification and susceptibility determination directly from blood cultures facilitates early targeted antibiotic therapy.

Background: The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance is challenging established empirical treatments, making early identification and susceptibility determination more important. To avoid time-consuming overnight cultures, a previously published method for the rapid identification and susceptibility testing of blood cultures was instituted at Molde Hospital. The time saved compared to the standard method, and how often the results could have led to a change in the empirical antibiotic treatment compared to Gram stain from cultures, were evaluated.

Low prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in patients examined for Chlamydia trachomatis.

Background: There is increasing interest in Mycoplasma genitalium as a sexually transmissible pathogen. The clinical picture resembles that of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, but the natural course has not yet been well defined. There are no guidelines regarding who should be examined for M.