Dismemberment and Body Encasement-Case Report and an Empiric Study.

The mutilation and encasement of corpses are rare in daily forensic work, but when they occur, close cooperation between different disciplines, such as legal medicine and forensic anthropology, is necessary to obtain the most valuable results. One forensic examination method is the radiological evaluation of victims or body parts by postmortem CT (pmCT) and X-ray images. In relation to a case described in this paper, an empirical study was conducted to figure out the value of radiological imaging and the ability to visualize and temporally classify changes in a corpse encased in concrete.

CT of the medial clavicular epiphysis for forensic age estimation: hands up?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of arm position in computed tomography (CT) of the clavicle performed for forensic age estimation on clavicular position, image noise, and radiation dose.

Methods And Materials: Forty-seven CT scans of the medial clavicular epiphysis performed for forensic age estimation were conducted with either hands and arms held upwards (CT 28 persons) or positioned at the body (CT, 19 persons). Presets were identical for both positions (70 mAs/140 kVp; Brilliance iCT, Philips).

Automated age estimation of young individuals based on 3D knee MRI using deep learning.

Age estimation is a crucial element of forensic medicine to assess the chronological age of living individuals without or lacking valid legal documentation. Methods used in practice are labor-intensive, subjective, and frequently comprise radiation exposure. Recently, also non-invasive methods using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have evaluated and confirmed a correlation between growth plate ossification in long bones and the chronological age of young subjects.

Forensic age assessment of the knee: proposal of a new classification system using two-dimensional ultrasound volumes and comparison to MRI.

Objectives: To assess epiphyseal growth plate closure of the knee for forensic age estimation using an ultrasound (US)-based method and to compare the findings with MRI.

Methods: Thirty-three healthy male individuals (age, 14.4-19.

Comparison of different iterative CT reconstruction techniques and filtered back projection for assessment of the medial clavicular epiphysis in forensic age estimation.

Purpose: To assess the impact of iterative reconstruction and filtered back projection (FBP) on image quality in computed tomography (CT)-based forensic age estimation of the medial clavicular epiphysis.

Methods And Materials: CT of the clavicle was performed in 19 patients due to forensic reasons (70 mAs/140 kVp). Raw data were reconstructed with FBP and with an iterative algorithm at level 4 and 6.

Automated segmentation of the knee for age assessment in 3D MR images using convolutional neural networks.

Age assessment is used to estimate the chronological age of an individual who lacks legal documentation. Recent studies indicate that the ossification degree of the growth plates in the knee joint correlates with chronological age of adolescents and young adults. To verify this hypothesis, a high number of datasets need to be analysed.

A 2-year follow-up MRI study for the evaluation of an age estimation method based on knee bone development.

Age estimation is an actual topic in the area of forensic medicine with a special focus on the age limits of 16 and 18 years. Current research on this topic relies on retrospective data of inhomogeneous populations relating to sex, age range, and socioeconomic status. In this work, we present a 2-year follow-up study for the evaluation of an age estimation method on a prospective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) knee data collective of a homogeneous population.

The role of forensic medicine and forensic dentistry in estimating the chronological age of living individuals in Hamburg, Germany.

Age estimation represents one of the primary responsibilities of forensic medicine and forensic dentistry. It is an integral procedure aiming to estimate the chronological age of an individual, whose age is either unknown or doubtful, by means of assessing the stage of dental, skeletal, and physical development. The present publication reviews the methods and procedures used in estimating the age of young living individuals as well as the experiences of the Institute of Legal Medicine in Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, during the last 25 years.

[Reconstructive investigations and identification measures in unknown soldiers of the Second World War].

The article reports on the exhumation and identification of unknown soldiers from the Second World War. With the help of medicolegal investigation and reconstruction methods an American pilot presumably murdered by a shot to the head (lynch law) and an interned Italian soldier could be identified after about 70 years and brought back home.

The assessment of adipocere to estimate the post-mortem interval - a skeleton from the tidelands.

This paper discusses the discovery of a skeletonized water corpse with hollow bones filled with adipocere found in the tidelands of the river Elbe close to Otterndorf (Wesermarsch, Cuxhaven). Through macroscopic and microscopic methods, the existing adipocere was described. The post-mortem interval was assessed by a comparison of the radiocarbon data and the indications about the preservation of adipocere from the literature.