Botulinum Toxin A and B for Palmoplantar Hyperhidrosis.

Introduction: Hyperhidrosis is characterized by unpredictable, uncontrollable and excessive sweating. It occurs at rest and is not related to temperature. Hyperhidrosis is a common disorder that has a negative impact on quality of life (QoL).

Why is it so hard to identify (consistent) predictors of treatment outcome in psychotherapy? - clinical and research perspectives.

Background: Anxiety and depression are two of the most debilitating psychological disorders worldwide today. Fortunately, effective treatments exist. However, a large proportion of patients do not recover from treatment, and many still have symptoms after completing treatment.

Cognitive Impairment After COVID-19-A Review on Objective Test Data.

The aim was to conduct a review on the literature on objective cognitive impairment in patients after COVID-19. We performed a literature review and searched Ovid Medline in February 2021 based on a PECO scheme. Twelve articles met all inclusion criteria.

A psychophysiological investigation of the interplay between orienting and executive control during stimulus conflict: A heart rate variability study.

Background: It has been hypothesized that resting state cardiac vagal activity (CVA) - an indicator of parasympathetic nervous system activity - is a specific psychophysiological marker of executive control function. Here, we propose an alternative hypothesis - that CVA is associated with early stage attention orientation, promoting the flexible uptake of new information, on which the later operation of such executive control functions depends. We therefore predicted that CVA would predict the interaction between orienting and executive control.

Dispositional resilience in treatment-seeking patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and its association with treatment outcome.

There is a lack of research on the relation between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and resilience. Dispositional resilience, as described and defined in literature on hardiness, consists of three facets, namely beliefs about having control in everyday living, having a sense of purpose or commitment, and a positive attitude toward challenges. This study explores associations between dispositional resilience (measured with the Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15-R)), symptom severity, and treatment outcome in a sample of 89 patients treated with concentrated exposure therapy (cET), and compares the findings with scores from two reference groups (students and soldiers).

The Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: Development and Validation of a Short Form (DOCS-SF).

Accurately and reliably measuring the presence and severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) symptoms is essential for both routine clinical work and research. The current study investigated psychometric properties of the dimensional obsessive-compulsive scale-short form (DOCS-SF). DOCS-SF was developed and validated in Norwegian.

Parental socioeconomic status and child intellectual functioning in a Norwegian sample.

Socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood has been linked to cognitive function and future academic and occupational success in studies from several countries. However, previous Nordic studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the strength of this link. We therefore investigated the association between SES and cognitive functioning in a sample of 255 Norwegian children, including 151 typically developing children and 104 children with a psychiatric diagnosis.

Does AMH Reflect Follicle Number Similarly in Women with and without PCOS?

Context: Increased Anti-Mullerian Hormone in polycystic ovary syndrome, may be due to overactive follicles rather than reflect antral follicle count.

Objective: Does Anti-Mullerian Hormone reflect antral follicle count similarly in women with or without polycystic ovary syndrome or polycystic ovarian morphology?

Design: Cross-sectional, case-control.

Setting: Women who delivered preterm in 1999-2006.

How uncommon is tickertaping? Prevalence and characteristics of seeing the words you hear.

Tickertape experience is the subjective phenomenon of routinely visualizing the orthographic appearance of words that one hears, speaks, or thinks, like mental subtitles in the mind's eye. It has been observed in grapheme-color synesthetes, whose letter visualizations are colored, but has been very little studied. We report a survey, among 425 Norwegian adults from varied sub-samples, of the prevalence, character, and associated skills of tickertaping.

Anti-Mullerian hormone in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: can morphologic description be replaced?

Study Question: Can anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level replace the morphologic description in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and what is the relationship between AMH and different diagnostic criteria of PCOS?

Summary Answer: AMH may be a good substitute for polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in diagnosing PCOS.

What Is Known Already: AMH has been suggested as an alternative to antral follicle count (AFC) in diagnosing PCOS. Cut-off values for AMH studied so far show an acceptable specificity but a rather poor sensitivity, leaving up to one-third of PCOS women undiagnosed.

Increased prevalence of diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome in women with a history of preterm birth: a case-control study.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that endocrine and metabolic factors predispose to preterm birth.

Design: A cross-sectional, case-control study.

Setting: Namsos Hospital district (Namsos, Norway).

Which clinical indicators and resident characteristics are associated with health care practitioner nursing home visits or hospital transfer for urinary tract infections?

Objectives: (1) To determine factors associated with practitioner visitation and/or hospital transfer for skilled nursing facility (SNF) patients who develop a urinary tract infection (UTI) and (2) to determine if SNF patients with a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) directive are less likely to be personally assessed and/or transferred to the hospital in the event of a UTI when compared to patients without a DNR directive.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using nursing home medical record review.

Participants: Participants were 564 residents from 35 nursing homes in 3 states who became acutely ill with UTI during the first 90 days of their nursing home admission.

Development and testing of a measure designed to assess the quality of care transitions.

Background: To improve the quality of care delivered to older persons receiving care across multiple settings, interventions are needed. However, the absence of a patient-centred measure specifically designed to assess this care has constrained innovation.

Objective: To develop a rigorously designed and tested measure, the Care Transition Measure (CTM).

The association between care co-ordination and emergency department use in older managed care enrollees.

Objective: To investigate the association between care co-ordination and use of the Emergency Department (ED) in older managed care enrollees.

Design: Nested case-control with 103 cases (used the ED) and 194 controls (did not use the ED).

Patients And Methods: Older patients with multiple chronic illnesses enrolled in a care management programme of a large group-model health maintenance organisation with more than 50,000 members over the age of 64.

Precipitants of emergency room visits and acute hospitalization in short-stay medicare nursing home residents.

Objectives: To determine what precipitates rehospitalization for residents who become acutely ill in the first 90 days of a nursing home (NH) admission.

Design: NH medical record review comparing acutely ill Medicare admissions transferred back to hospital with those not transferred.

Setting: Sixty skilled nursing facilities in five states during 1994.

Prospective payment for nursing homes increased therapy provision without improving community discharge rates.

Objectives: To determine the impact of the prospective payment system (PPS) for skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) on therapy use and community discharge rates.

Design: Quasi-experimental study examining the predemonstration (1994) to demonstration (1997) change in amount of therapy provided, and in community discharge rates at PPS participating and nonparticipating facilities.

Setting: Eighteen PPS participating and 17 nonparticipating SNFs in five states.

Reducing emergency visits in older adults with chronic illness. A randomized, controlled trial of group visits.

Context: Emergency department utilization by chronically ill older adults may be an important sentinel event signifying a breakdown in care coordination. A primary care group visit (i.e.

[Misconceptions and tacit learning--a challenge in medical education].

Medical education has undergone several reforms and innovations both in Norway and elsewhere, and the quality of teaching and learning is, and should be, a subject of ongoing discussions and developments. As a contribution to this discussion a teaching experience and a follow-up study of misconceptions among medical students are presented. More than 10% of 48 young medical students answered that the antagonist moved the femur into abduction when asked to choose between two alternatives.

Application of functional independence measure-function related groups and resource utilization groups-version III systems across post acute settings.

Objectives: The present study evaluated alternative patient classification systems for skilled nursing facility and rehabilitation facility patients.

Methods: Medicare patients were selected from a random sample of 27 rehabilitation facilities and 65 skilled nursing facilities participating in a national longitudinal study of subacute care. Detailed casemix and resource use data was obtained on 513 patients with hip fracture and 483 stroke patients.

Rehabilitation costs: implications for prospective payment.

Objective: To obtain information relevant to development of prospective payment for Medicare rehabilitation facilities (RFs) and skilled nursing facilities (SNFs): compares service utilization, length of stay (LOS), case mix, and resource consumption for Medicare patients receiving postacute institutional rehabilitation care.

Data Sources/study Setting: Longitudinal patient-level and related facility-level data on Medicare hip fracture (n = 513) and stroke (n = 483) patients admitted in 1991-1994 to a sample of 27 RFs and 65 SNFs in urban areas in 17 states.

Study Design: For each condition, two-group RF-SNF comparisons were made.

Development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for prolonged nursing home residence after hip fracture.

Objectives: To develop and validate a clinical prediction rule for nursing home residence 6 months after a hip fracture.

Design: Two prospective cohort studies, a development study (DS) and a validation study (VS).

Setting: The DS included hip fracture patients admitted to 92 rehabilitation units or skilled nursing facilities; the VS included hip fracture patients from 11 integrated healthcare systems.

Stroke Rehabilitation in Nursing Homes.

Increasing numbers of stroke patients with profound functional, psychological, and cognitive impairments are receiving rehabilitation in Medicare skilled nursing facilities. These facilities vary substantially in the patients they admit, the volume and intensity of therapy they provide, and the outcomes they achieve. Facilities with an orientation toward rehabilitation and community discharge providing more intensive therapy services by a wider range of skilled professionals have better outcomes.

Outcomes and costs after hip fracture and stroke. A comparison of rehabilitation settings.

Objective: To assess whether outcomes and costs differ for elderly patients admitted to rehabilitation hospitals, subacute nursing homes, and traditional nursing homes.

Design: Inception cohort stratified by provider type and followed prospectively for 6 months.

Setting: A total of 92 hospital-based units and freestanding facilities from 17 states.