Publications by authors named "Eileen Birmingham"
Article Synopsis
- Cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (CAB + RPV) is an effective long-acting injectable treatment for maintaining HIV-1 virologic suppression, and this analysis looked at its effects based on participants' body mass index (BMI).
- Data was collected from various trials over periods ranging from 48 to 152 weeks, focusing on virologic outcomes, confirmed failures, and safety across different BMI categories.
- Results showed similar efficacy and tolerability for CAB + RPV LA in both lower and higher BMI groups, with high rates of HIV-1 RNA suppression and comparable safety profiles.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examines the safety and outcomes of a long-acting HIV treatment regimen, Cabotegravir (CAB) + Rilpivirine (RPV), focusing on injection site reactions (ISRs) experienced by participants across several trials.
- - Analysis of injection techniques from healthcare providers revealed that practices such as slow injection speed and bringing the medication to room temperature helped minimize discomfort for patients during the injection process.
- - Overall, the injections showed good tolerability, with most ISRs being mild to moderate and lasting only a few days, indicating that the CAB + RPV regimen is a viable option for long-term HIV maintenance therapy.
Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a major public health concern, with an ongoing need for new effective treatments. Bedaquiline is an oral diarylquinoline that has shown encouraging treatment success and culture conversion rates in MDR-TB.
Methods: A South Korean patient registry was set up across 19 centres between 2016 and 2018 for the prospective collection of data from patients with MDR-TB who received either a bedaquiline-containing or a non-bedaquiline-containing regimen.
Background: This retrospective cohort study assessed benefits and risks of bedaquiline treatment in multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) combination therapy by evaluating safety, effectiveness, drug utilization and emergence of resistance to bedaquiline.
Methods: Data were extracted from a register of South African drug-resistant-tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients (Electronic DR-TB Register [EDRWeb]) for newly diagnosed patients with MDR-TB (including pre-extensively drug-resistant [XDR]-TB and XDR-TB and excluding rifampicin-mono-resistant [RR]-TB, as these patients are by definition not multidrug-resistant), receiving either a bedaquiline-containing or non-bedaquiline-containing regimen, at 14 sites in South Africa. Total duration of treatment and follow-up was up to 30 months, including 6 months' bedaquiline treatment.
Article Synopsis
- Limited data on the effects of cabotegravir + rilpivirine (CAB + RPV) in pregnant women living with HIV showed 25 pregnancies after exposure, with diverse outcomes including 10 live births.
- The study involved women who had taken CAB + RPV and then transitioned to other antiretroviral medications when they became pregnant, with ongoing monitoring of drug levels post-exposure.
- Results indicated that drug concentrations during pregnancy were comparable to those in non-pregnant women, but there was one reported case of congenital anomaly among the live births, prompting further investigation into pregnancy safety and outcomes.
Initiation of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine as direct-to-injection or with an oral lead-in in adults with HIV-1 infection: week 124 results of the open-label phase 3 FLAIR study.
Lancet HIV
November 2021
Article Synopsis
- - A phase 3 study called FLAIR evaluated the effectiveness of switching HIV-1 suppressed participants from daily oral medication to long-acting intramuscular injections of cabotegravir plus rilpivirine over 124 weeks.
- - Participants were randomly assigned to either continue with their standard oral therapy or switch to the long-acting regimen, with the option to choose a four-week oral lead-in before the first injection.
- - Key outcomes measured included viral load levels, confirmed treatment failures, and overall safety, with results showing the non-inferiority of the new long-acting treatment compared to standard therapy.
Objective: To explore pediatric providers' perceived barriers to influenza vaccine delivery, and desired characteristics and potential concerns regarding an influenza vaccine alert integrated into the electronic health record (EHR).
Methods: Four focus groups with providers (n=21) and five individual interviews with practice leaders in an urban, pediatric primary care network affiliated with an academic medical center in New York City were conducted. Data were collected during the 2009-10 influenza season and analyzed using thematic analysis.