Craniofacial contribution to residual obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy in children: a preliminary study.

Study Objectives: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently associated with adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and the fact that about 30% of affected children continue to show OSA after adenotonsillectomy (AT) suggests the presence of some other predisposing factor(s). We hypothesized that abnormal maxillofacial morphology may be a predisposing factor for residual OSA in pediatric patients.

Methods: A total of 13 pediatric OSA patients (9 boys and 4 girls, age [median (interquartile range)] = 4.