Use of the GlideScope®-Ranger for pre-hospital intubations by anaesthesia trained emergency physicians - an observational study.

Background: Pre-hospital endotracheal intubation is more difficult than in the operating room (OR). Therefore, enhanced airway management devices such as video laryngoscopes may be helpful to improve the success rate of pre-hospital intubation. We describe the use of the Glidescope®-Ranger (GS-R) as an alternative airway tool used at the discretion of the emergency physician (EP) in charge.

Trauma-hemorrhage and hypoxia differentially influence kupffer cell phagocytic capacity: role of hypoxia-inducible-factor-1alpha and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt activation.

Objective: We investigated whether Kupffer cell phagocytosis is differentially regulated following hypoxia (by breathing hypoxic gas) and trauma-hemorrhage. We hypothesized that the differences might result from a differential activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway under those conditions.

Background: HIF-1alpha is a biologic O2 sensor enabling adaptation to hypoxia.

Mechanism of the salutary effects of estrogen on kupffer cell phagocytic capacity following trauma-hemorrhage: pivotal role of Akt activation.

Kupffer cells are macrophages in the liver whose major role is to clear circulating pathogens. Decreased phagocytic capacity of Kupffer cells may result in severe systemic infection. We tested the hypothesis that the depressed Kupffer cell phagocytic capacity following trauma-hemorrhage is enhanced by estrogen administration and this occurs due to maintenance of Fc receptor expression and cellular ATP content via the activation of Akt.

Estrogen suppresses cardiac IL-6 after trauma-hemorrhage via a hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha-mediated pathway.

Cardiac dysfunction is a major concern after trauma-hemorrhage, and increased IL-6 is one of the underlying causes for producing the dysfunction. Studies have shown that administration of 17beta-estradiol (estrogen) after trauma-hemorrhage normalized cardiac IL-6 levels and restored cardiac functions under those conditions. Because hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1 alpha is expressed during hypoxia and cellular stress and up-regulates the expression of IL-6, we hypothesized that HIF-1 alpha induces the increased cardiac IL-6 after trauma-hemorrhage and that estrogen suppresses this induction.

Out-of-hospital airway management with the LMA CTrach--a prospective evaluation.

Aim Of The Study: Airway management in an out-of-hospital setting is a critical and demanding skill. Previous studies evaluated the intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) as a valuable tool in this area. The LMA CTrach Laryngeal Mask Airway (CTrach) may increase intubation success.

Burn injury-induced alterations in wound inflammation and healing are associated with suppressed hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha expression.

A major complication associated with burn injury is delayed wound healing. While healing of the burn injury site is essential, healing of distal injury sites caused by surgical interventions and other processes also is important. The impact of burn injury on healing of these distal wound sites is not understood clearly.

The role of oxygen termination of nanocrystalline diamond on immobilisation of BMP-2 and subsequent bone formation.

Medical implants are increasingly often inserted into bone of frail patients, who are advanced in years. Due to age, severe trauma or pathology-related bone changes, osseous healing at the implant site is frequently limited. We were able to demonstrate that coating of endosseous implants with nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) allows stable functionalization by means of physisorption with BMP-2.

Self-reported changes in attitude and behavior after attending a simulation-aided airway management course.

Study Objective: To evaluate the influence of a simulator-aided course for airway management on participants' daily clinical airway management practice.

Design: Survey instrument.

Setting: University hospital.

Influence of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on hemorrhage-induced cellular immune suppression.

Hemorrhagic shock is associated with increasing catecholamine plasma concentrations. Plasma catecholamines are known to affect cellular immune functions. We therefore, investigated the effect of endogenously released catecholamines on lymphocyte distribution (CD4+ lymphocytes, CD8+ lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells), splenocyte apoptosis (Annexin V binding), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin 10 (IL-10) release during a volume-controlled hemorrhagic shock in mice.

Trauma-haemorrhage-induced alterations in thymic prolactin receptor expression: implications in immune dysfunction.

Male gender and age appear to be causative factors in development of immunodepression and septic complications following trauma-haemorrhage. Studies have demonstrated that administration of the sex hormone prolactin following trauma-haemorrhage in male mice prevents immunodepression. Since the thymus is the primary location of the T-cell-lymphopoiesis, we investigated the effect of trauma-haemorrhage to thymic prolactin-receptor (PRLr)-expression in male and proestrus female mice in three different age groups (young, adult, aged) by flow cytometry and PCR.

The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone on hemorrhage-induced suppression of cellular immune function.

Objective: To determine whether the steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) improves cellular immune functions after hemorrhagic shock.

Design And Setting: Prospective controlled study in a research laboratory at an university medical center.

Subjects: Male NMRI mice.