CD44-positive Cancer Stem-like Cells as a Potential Source of Peritoneal Metastasis After Surgery.

Background/aim: The role of CD44 in gastric cancer-derived peritoneal metastasis is currently unknown. It was previously shown that viable, tumorigenic cancer cells are spilled into the peritoneal cavity during surgery, providing a potential cause of peritoneal recurrence after surgery. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer through the expression of CD44 and to propose a method for preventing peritoneal recurrence.

Predictors and clinical impact of postoperative diarrhea after colorectal cancer surgery: a prospective, multicenter, observational study (SHISA-1602).

Purpose: Postoperative diarrhea, including high-output stoma (HOS), frequently occurs after colorectal surgery; its risk factors and clinical implications on subsequent complications remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and clinical implications of postoperative diarrhea after primary colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery.

Methods: This prospective observational study included patients with CRC who underwent radical surgery at six hospitals between June 2016 and December 2017.

Successful laparoscopy-assisted repair of a rectovaginal fistula after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a report of two cases.

Background: Rectovaginal fistula (RVF) after low anterior resection for rectal cancer is troublesome and refractory. Although various surgical procedures have been previously described, no definitive procedure has shown a satisfactory outcome. We present two consecutive Japanese patients who underwent successful surgery for an RVF after low anterior resection.

The Elevation in Preoperative Procalcitonin Is Associated with a Poor Prognosis for Patients Undergoing Resection for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Procalcitonin (PCT) is a well-known marker for bacterial infection; however, the clinical significance of PCT in the long-term prognosis after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery remains unclear.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 277 patients that underwent CRC surgery to investigate the relationship between preoperative PCT, clinicopathological condition, cancer-specific overall survival (OS), and relapse-free survival (RFS).

Results: Median follow-up interval was 5.

Gastric volvulus and giant Bochdalek hernia in an adult patient that were safely repaired by endoscopic reduction and elective laparoscopic surgery.

A Bochdalek hernia (BH) is a congenital abnormality with incomplete closure of the diaphragm. It is usually manifested in infants but rarely in adults. Here, we report an adult patient with gastric volvulus and giant BH that were safely repaired by endoscopic reduction and elective laparoscopic surgery, respectively.

In vivo antitumor function of tumor antigen-specific CTLs generated in the presence of OX40 co-stimulation in vitro.

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is an emerging and promising cancer immunotherapy that has been improved through various approaches. Here, we described the distinctive characteristics and functions of tumor Ag-specific effector CD8 T-cells, co-cultured with a tumor-specific peptide and a stimulatory anti-OX40 antibody, before being used for ACT therapy in tumor-bearing mouse recipients. Splenic T-cells were obtained from wild-type FVB/N mice that had been injected with a HER2/neu (neu)-expressing tumor and a neu-vaccine.

[Clinical Evaluation of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy(HIPEC)in Colorectal Cancer Patients at High Risk of Peritoneal Recurrence].

Purpose: We herein report the clinical outcomes of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)in patients at high risk of colorectal peritoneal metastasis.

Patients And Methods: We enrolled 21 patients with advanced colorectal cancer who were received HIPEC between 2009 and 2014. Retrospectively, we evaluated the short-term and long-term outcomes of these cases.

ABCG2 expression in colorectal adenocarcinomas may predict resistance to irinotecan.

Irinotecan is a key drug for patients with advanced and recurrent colorectal carcinoma. However, the efficacy of irinotecan is not sufficient; partly, as there is no useful marker to predict chemosensitivity to the drug. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the expression levels of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette sub-family G (WHITE) member 2 (Junior blood group) (ABCG2) in primary colorectal tumors predict chemoresistance to irinotecan.

Perioperative Adiponectin Measurement is Useful for Prediction of Postoperative Infection in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Adiponectin (ADN) is a key molecule associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and functions as an immunomodulator. We have shown that the ADN ratio (i.e.

Pyomyositis at the surgical site in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report and literature review.

Background: Pyomyositis is a rare, subacute, deep pyogenic infection of the muscle tissue. This disease has been previously described in patients that were immunocompromised due to a hematological malignancy.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old man with a history of chronic myeloid leukemia was treated with imatinib.

Successful surgical approach for a patient with encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis after hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a case report and literature review.

Background: Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare surgical complication that can occur after intraperitoneal treatment. It is also a serious and potentially fatal complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The present report describes a case of surgically treated EPS that probably occurred as a complication of hyperthermic intraperitonal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Magnetic resonance imaging shrinkage patterns following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast carcinomas with an emphasis on the radiopathological correlations.

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is considered to be the standard treatment for locally-advanced breast carcinomas. Obtaining precise information regarding the tumor extent and distribution by imaging modalities to assess the success of breast-conserving surgery following NAC is extremely important. Analysis of the detailed radiopathological correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following NAC has not been reported previously.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil in patients at high risk of peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer: A preliminary clinical study.

Although hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been extensively used to treat patients with peritoneal metastases (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC), a standard protocol has not yet been established. The aim of this preliminary clinical study was to confirm the efficacy of mitomycin C combined with 5-fluorouracil (MMC-5FU) under hyperthermic conditions in CRC and investigate the pharmacokinetics and feasibility of HIPEC with MMC-5FU for patients at high risk of PM from CRC. To simulate HIPEC , we used the collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test with the HCT166 colorectal cell line to assess the antitumor efficacy of MMC and 5FU as single-agent and combination treatments following incubation with HCT116 cells for 30 min at either 37 or 42°C.

A comparison of outcomes and complications of totally implantable access port through the internal jugular vein versus the subclavian vein.

Totally implantable access ports (TIAPs) are generally used in oncology. Few studies have addressed complications associated with the insertion site. A total of 233 consecutive oncology patients were enrolled to receive TIAP inserts via internal jugular vein (IJV) or subclavian vein (SV).

A complete response to mFOLFOX6 and panitumumab chemotherapy in advanced stage rectal adenocarcinoma: a case report.

Background: Pathological complete remission of advanced stage rectal adenocarcinoma by chemotherapy alone is rare. A case of advanced stage, low-lying rectal adenocarcinoma in which a complete response to treatment was obtained with mFOLFOX6 and panitumumab (Pmab) is reported.

Case Presentation: A 53-year-old man was referred to Shiga University of Medical Science hospital Shiga, Japan, complaining of bloody stool.

Clinical predictive value of anticancer drug sensitivity test for the therapeutic effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer.

Clinically useful predictors of the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy following curative colorectal surgery remain to be determined. In the present study, we investigated the clinical utility of the collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) as a predictor of the therapeutic response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based adjuvant chemo-therapy in patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer. CD-DST was conducted using tumor samples surgically obtained from 189 patients.

Fusion protein of mutant B7-DC and Fc enhances the antitumor immune effect of GM-CSF-secreting whole-cell vaccine.

B7-DC [also known as programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2)] is a costimulatory molecule expressed predominantly on dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. In addition to its coinhibitory receptor, programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1), evidence suggests that B7-DC interacts with an unidentified costimulatory receptor on T cells. B7-DC mutants with selective binding capacity for the costimulatory receptor may be effective in stimulating antitumor immune responses, while avoiding the inhibitory effects of PD-1.

Surgery-induced peritoneal cancer cells in patients who have undergone curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Background: Some patients who undergo curative gastrectomy with lymph node dissection (LND) for gastric cancer (GC) show subsequent peritoneal metastasis. The source of these metastatic cells remains unclear.

Methods: Curative gastrectomy with LND was performed in 102 patients with GC.