A Case of Multiple Brain Tuberculomas in the Subarachnoid Cisterns: Recognition of Radiological Characteristics Regarding the Development of Paradoxical Response during Antituberculosis Treatment.

Brain tuberculoma and its occurrence within the subarachnoid cisterns is rare in Japan. Serological and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations and imaging findings lack specificity; thus, preoperative diagnosis is often challenging. This report presents the case of a 70-year-old woman admitted to our hospital with a one-month history of low-grade fever and altered mental status.

Acute hemorrhagic cholecystitis related to diffuse neurofibroma of gallbladder in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Background: We report the first case of acute hemorrhagic cholecystitis with large hemoperitoneum related to gallbladder wall fragility caused by neurofibroma cell infiltration.

Case Presentation: A 46-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), who had been hospitalized for retroperitoneal hematoma and treated by transarterial embolization 9 days earlier, complained of right upper quadrant pain, bloating, nausea, and emesis. Computed tomography revealed fluid collection and a distended gallbladder with high-density contents.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in small cell carcinoma of the prostate.

Introduction: Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in small cell carcinoma of the prostate is rare.

Case Presentation: A 69-year-old man visited our hospital due to dysuria and edema. Bilateral hydronephrosis and lymph node metastases due to a pelvic tumor were observed.

Micropapillary Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma in a Hemodialysis Patient.

The micropapillary variant of urothelial carcinoma (MPUC) is an aggressive form of urothelial carcinoma with high metastatic potential and a poor prognosis. Although various therapies have been reported, there is still no established treatment strategy for MPUC due to its rarity. The incidence of urinary tract malignancies is higher in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) than in healthy individuals.

Poor Outcome due to the Plasmacytoid Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma.

A 72-year-old man visited our hospital due to pollakiuria and lower abdominal pain. Urinary cytology was positive, and cystoscopy revealed diffuse edematous nonpapillary tumor. We performed transurethral biopsy, and clinical stage T3 plasmacytoid variant of urothelial carcinoma (PUC) was diagnosed.

Sepsis-associated purpura fulminans caused by emphysematous cystitis.

Introduction: Emphysematous cystitis is a rare pathology characterized by gas bubbles within the bladder wall and lumen from gas-producing bacteria. Sepsis-associated purpura fulminans is also rare and shows poor clinical outcomes.

Case Presentation: A 73-year-old man was hospitalized at a nearby hospital due to chronic subdural hematoma, symptomatic epilepsy, and diabetes mellitus.

Complete response to pembrolizumab in recurrent nested variant of urothelial carcinoma.

Introduction: The nested variant of urothelial carcinoma is rare and shows poor prognosis. We report a case of complete response to pembrolizumab in recurrent nested variant.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old man visited another hospital with hematuria and weight loss.

Selective E to Z isomerization of 1,3-Dienes Enabled by A Dinuclear Mechanism.

The E/Z stereocontrol in a C=C bond is a fundamental issue in olefin synthesis. Although the thermodynamically more stable E geometry is readily addressable by thermal Z to E geometric isomerization through equilibrium, it has remained difficult to undergo thermal geometric isomerization to the reverse E to Z direction in a selective manner, because it requires kinetic trapping of Z-isomer with injection of chemical energy. Here we report that a dinuclear Pd-Pd complex mediates selective isomerization of E-1,3-diene to its Z-isomer without photoirradiation, where kinetic trapping is achieved through rational sequences of dinuclear elementary steps.

A Long-term Survival Case of Pulmonary Tumor Thrombotic Microangiopathy due to Gastric Cancer Confirmed by the Early Diagnosis based on a Transbronchial Lung Biopsy.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is an acute, progressive, and fatal disease. PTTM manifests as subacute respiratory failure with pulmonary hypertension, progressive right-sided heart failure, and sudden death. An antemortem diagnosis of PTTM is very difficult to obtain, and many patients die within several weeks.

Intimal sarcoma arising from the common iliac artery presenting with artery occlusion : a case report and literature review.

We present a rare case of intimal sarcoma arising from the common iliac artery in an 82-year-old man who presented with intermittent claudication. He had undergone endovascular therapy with self-expanding stents to both iliac arteries that had occluded soon after placement. After salvage bypass grafting, a diagnosis of intimal sarcoma with angiosarcoma phenotype from the iliac artery was made.

Clinicopathological analysis of clinically occult extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis in intra-pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes associated with pelvic malignant tumors: A study of nine patients.

The clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of clinically occult extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis in lymph nodes (LN-LAM) being dissected during surgical staging of pelvic malignancy have not been well investigated. We assessed samples from nine female patients (median age, 61). None had past or familial history of tuberous sclerosis and had LAM lesions other than LN such as lung.

[Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma in a Patient on Hemodialysis : A Case Report].

Although patients on long-term hemodialysis frequently develop renal cell carcinoma, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) is rare in incidence. Here, we report a case of MTSCC occurring in a patient under hemodialysis. The patient was a 72-year-old man with end stage renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy.

Room Temperature Decarboxylative and Oxidative [2+2+2] Annulation of Benzoic Acids with Alkynes Catalyzed by an Electron-Deficient Rhodium(III) Complex.

It has been established that an electron-deficient (η -cyclopentadienyl)rhodium(III) [Cp Rh ] complex is capable of catalyzing the decarboxylative and oxidative [2+2+2] annulation of benzoic acids with alkynes to produce substituted naphthalenes at room temperature. The appropriate choice of the additive and the solvent is crucial for this transformation. This catalyst system allowed use of oxygen as a terminal oxidant and broadened the substrate scope including both aromatic and aliphatic alkynes.

Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma Masquerading as Rhabdomyosarcoma.

We present a rare case of retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) masquerading as rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient was a 74-year-old man, complaining a loss of appetite. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal mass, 10 cm in diameter, between the liver and the right adrenal gland.

Oxidative Annulation of Arenecarboxylic and Acrylic Acids with Alkynes under Ambient Conditions Catalyzed by an Electron-Deficient Rhodium(III) Complex.

It has been established that an electron-deficient Cp(E) rhodium(III) complex catalyzes the oxidative [4+2] annulation of substituted arenecarboxylic and acrylic acids with alkynes under ambient conditions (at RT-40 °C, under air) without using excess amounts of substrates to produce the corresponding substituted isocoumarins and α-pyrones in high yields. Minor modification of reaction conditions depending on the coordination ability of alkynes realized the high efficiency.

Clinicopathologic features of autosomal recessive amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with optineurin mutation.

We performed clinicopathological analyses of two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with homozygous Q398X optineurin (OPTN) mutation. Clinically, both patients presented signs of upper and lower motor neuron degeneration, but only Patient 1 showed gradual frontal dysfunction and extrapyramidal signs, and temporal lobe and motor cortex atrophy. Neuropathological examination of Patient 1 revealed extensive cortical and spinal motor neuron degeneration and widespread degeneration of the basal ganglia.

A massive chondroblastoma in the proximal humerus simulating malignant bone tumors.

Chondroblastoma is a mostly benign bone neoplasm that typically affects the second decade of life and exhibits a lytic lesion in the epiphysis of long bones. We report an extreme case of massive, destructive chondroblastoma of the proximal humerus in a 9-year-old girl. It was difficult to differentiate using imaging information the lesion from malignant bone tumors such as osteosarcoma.

Increased expression of HMGA1 correlates with tumour invasiveness and proliferation in human pituitary adenomas.

Aims: High-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is highly expressed in various benign and malignant tumours. The development of pituitary adenoma in Hmga1 transgenic mice has been reported. However, no studies have investigated HMGA1 expression and its clinical significance in human pituitary adenomas.

[Successful rituximab monotherapy in a patient with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the rectum with trisomy 3, 18].

A 62-year-old man was referred to our hospital with enlargement of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the rectum after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. The patient was given a diagnosis of stage I MALT. Endoscopic observation revealed an enlarged rectal tumor with 3, 18 double trisomy.

Pituitary adenomas that show a faint GH-immunoreactivity but lack fibrous body: Pit-1 adenoma with endocrinologically low activity.

Growth hormone (GH)-producing pituitary adenomas have been classified into densely and sparsely granulated adenomas. The latter are chromophobic with weak GH-positivity and characteristically possess fibrous body (FB), aggregation of cytokeratin filaments. We report eight cases of unusual chromophobic adenomas.

Clinicopathological characterization of TSH-producing adenomas: special reference to TSH-immunoreactive but clinically non-functioning adenomas.

Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH))-producing pituitary adenomas have been known to be quite variable in clinical features covering from typical functioning TSH-producing adenomas (FTSHomas) associated with hyperthyroidism to clinically silent TSH cell adenomas (STAs) that are apparently unassociated with hyperthyroidism. It is important to distinguish STAs from other types of clinically non-functioning adenomas for adequate postoperative managements. However, because of rareness of TSH-producing adenomas, their histopathological features linking to the clinical manifestations have not been well characterized.

Adenosarcoma of the uterus: magnetic resonance imaging characteristics.

Adenosarcoma of the uterus is a rare tumor containing benign glandular epithelial and malignant mesenchymal elements. Typical adenosarcoma is a low-grade tumor, presents as a large polypoid mass occupying the endometrial cavity, and may protrude into the vaginal cavity. The presence of small hyperintense cysts scattered within the mass on T(2)-weighted imaging, reflecting glandular epithelial components, and relatively low signal intensity on high b-value diffusion-weighted imaging, reflecting its low-grade nature, may be characteristic findings.