Psychological Factors Mediate the Relationship between Physical Activity and Goal Attainment for Occupational Therapy Practice: An Observational Study in Japan.

Occupational therapy can improve physical activity, anxiety, and goal achievement after high tibial osteotomy. However, the role of psychological factors in physical activity and goal attainment after high tibial osteotomy is unclear. We examined how psychological factors mediate the relationship between physical activity and goal achievement.

Automatic feature selection for performing Unit 2 of vault in wheel gymnastics.

We propose a framework to analyze the relationship between the movement features of a wheel gymnast around the mounting phase of Unit 2 of the vault event and execution (E-score) deductions from a machine-learning perspective. We first developed an automation system from a video of a wheel gymnast performing a tuck-front somersault to extract the four frames highlighting its Unit 2 performance of the vault event, such as take-off, pike-mount, the starting point of time on the wheel, and final position before the thrust. We implemented this automation using recurrent all-pairs field transforms (RAFT) and XMem, i.

Effects of Occupational Therapy Practice on Patient Outcomes after High Tibial Osteotomy: A Non-randomized Study in Japan.

We examined the effectiveness of occupational therapy intervention combined with standard rehabilitation in patients undergoing high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Overall, 115 patients with HTO for knee osteoarthritis were examined. An intervention group ( = 50), who received occupational therapy and standard rehabilitation, was compared to a control group ( = 65), who underwent standard rehabilitation only ( = 65).

Respiratory function and comfort levels in three different defecatory simulation postures in the elderly.

Background: Elderly people experience a heavy physical burden due to deteriorated respiratory function owing to prolonged sitting defecation posture due to constipation. In recent years, to reduce the physical burden of defecation, arm support handrails, which support the arms in a forward-leaning posture, have become more widely available; however, their impact on breathing comfort has not yet been verified. This study's purpose was to compare the respiratory function of elderly people in traditional defecation postures and the arm-supported, forward-leaning position using the handrail, and thus verify whether the supported position has a positive effect.

The effects of a defecation posture, supported by the upper limbs, on respiratory function.

[Purpose] In this study, we aimed to determine which typical postures or an arm-supported posture were more comfortable and conducive to respiratory function, during seated defecation. [Participants and Methods] In 73 healthy adults, we measured and compared respiratory function and subjective contentment associated with 3 sitting defecation postures: upright, forward-leaning, and arm-supported forward-leaning. [Results] Vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and subjective comfort were significantly greater in the arm-supported forward-leaning position than in the other 2 positions.

Actual use of and satisfaction associated with rollators and "shopping carts" among frail elderly Japanese people using day-service facilities.

Purpose This study aimed at clarifying the actual use of and satisfaction with rollators and "shopping carts" (wheeled walkers with storage) among frail elderly people, who were certified by a long-term care insurance system as users of facilities that provide day-service nursing care and rehabilitation. Methods We identified 1247 frail elderly people who used day-service facilities, and evaluated their actual use of, and satisfaction with, rollators and shopping carts. Results Forty-four (3.

Changes in Cerebral Hemodynamics during Complex Motor Learning by Character Entry into Touch-Screen Terminals.

Introduction: Studies of cerebral hemodynamics during motor learning have mostly focused on neurorehabilitation interventions and their effectiveness. However, only a few imaging studies of motor learning and the underlying complex cognitive processes have been performed.

Methods: We measured cerebral hemodynamics using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in relation to acquisition patterns of motor skills in healthy subjects using character entry into a touch-screen terminal.

Excitability of the primary motor cortex increases more strongly with slow- than with normal-speed presentation of actions.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate how the speed of observed action affects the excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1), as assessed by the size of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).

Methods: Eighteen healthy subjects watched a video clip of a person catching a ball, played at three different speeds (normal-, half-, and quarter-speed). MEPs were induced by TMS when the model's hand had opened to the widest extent just before catching the ball ("open") and when the model had just caught the ball ("catch").