[Surgical Strategy for Pseudoarthrosis and Delayed Nerve Palsy after Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture].

Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are among the most common fractures associated with osteoporosis. Approximately 80% of cases heal by fusion in the natural process without the need for surgery, and if we include the so-called "incidental vertebral body fractures," which are discovered by chance during radiography, the frequency of prolongation of back pain due to pseudoarthrosis or delayed-onset neurological deficits is low. However, the prognosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures is affected by the number of fractured vertebrae.

Comparative advantages of activities with lumbosacral preservation for adult spinal deformity surgery: a retrospective Japanese cohort study.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to demonstrate the advantages of preservation of the lumbosacral segment (LSS) in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.

Overview Of Literature: Sacroiliac foundation enables sufficient restoration in ASD surgery; however, it could result in poor mobility.

Chain-Level Analysis of Reinforced Polyethylene through Stretch-Induced Crystallization.

Herein, we propose a large-scale simulation approach to perform the stretch-induced crystallization of entangled polyethylene (PE) melts. Sufficiently long (1000 ns) united-atom molecular dynamics (UAMD) simulations for 16000 chains of 1000 consecutive CH united-atom particles under periodic boundary conditions were performed to achieve the crystallinity observed in experiments. Before the isothermal crystallization process, we applied uniaxial stretching as pre-elongation to the embedded strain memory on the entangled PE melts.

A Comparison of Hidden Blood Loss Between Multilevel Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Adult Spinal Deformity Patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare transfusion and blood loss volumes, particularly hidden blood loss volume, in adult spinal deformity patients undergoing lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). Corrective surgery for adults with spinal deformity patients can be performed via the traditional posterior approach (PLIF) or minimally invasive lateral approach (LLIF).

Surgical technique of spine-shortening vertebral osteotomy for adult tethered cord syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Miyakoshi et al. reported three cases of tethered cord syndrome treated by spine-shortening vertebral osteotomy, which provided relief of the patients' symptoms with no complications. Although the details of these cases were described in a previous report, the surgical technique was not thoroughly explained.

Atomistic weak interaction criterion for the specificity of liquid metal embrittlement.

Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) occurs in some solid-liquid metal elements' couples (e.g., Fe-Zn and Al-Ga), called specificity.

[How to Treat Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture?].

In very elderly patients with low back pain, we must consider the possibility of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF). In most patients with OVF, improvement can be observed without surgical intervention. However, even after providing the best possible conservative treatment, symptom recovery is not observed in some patients, and such patients experience delayed neurological deficits due to neural compression with the proceeding deformity of the vertebral body.

[Posterior Lumbar Decompression:Variations and Pitfalls].

Lumbar canal stenosis is the most common pathological condition causing spinal degeneration. Symptomatic patients who fail conservative treatment are considered candidates for surgical treatment. Many types of minimally invasive procedures for lumbar decompression have been proposed, most of which are effective and have shown good long-term results.

Cervical endplate bone density distribution measured by CT osteoabsorptiometry and direct comparison with mechanical properties of the endplate.

Purpose: Intervertebral device subsidence is one of the complications of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. The biomechanical properties of vertebral bony endplate may be related to device subsidence. The aim of this study is to measure the cervical endplate bone density distribution using a novel 3D measurement method.

Surgical treatment of complete fifth lumbar osteoporotic vertebral burst fracture: A retrospective case report of three patients.

Background: Due to its rarity, surgical treatments for a complete fifth lumbar osteoporotic vertebral burst fracture (L5 OVBF) have yet to be well documented as compared to that for osteoporotic vertebral fractures of the thoracolumbar spine. The current case report discusses details of the surgical outcomes following posterior decompression and fusion for a complete L5 OVBF.

Case Description: Three women, ranging in age from 69 years to 82 years, were surgically treated for a complete L5 OVBF.

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Thoracic Dorsal Arachnoid Web: A Report of Two Cases.

Introduction: An arachnoid web (AW) is a relatively rare disease and shows clinical symptoms and radiological findings similar to those of an arachnoid cyst (AC) or spinal cord herniation (SCH). Since the operative procedures for an AW are generally different from those intrathecal disorders, correct preoperative differential diagnosis is important. The purposes of this study were to report the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) myelography for diagnosing AW and to show the histological findings and clinical results.

[Analysis of a Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma Mimicking Cerebral Infarction:A Case Report and Review of the Literatures].

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a rare disease, and the critical form may mimic cerebral infarction in the acute stage. Consequently, misdiagnosis of a cerebral infarction may result in unnecessary antithrombotic therapy. The present study investigated 19 cases of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma first diagnosed as cerebral infarctions and treated with antithrombotic therapy.

Androgen receptor expression is useful to predict the therapeutic effect in HER2-positive breast carcinoma.

Purpose: Although HER2-positive (HER2+) invasive breast carcinomas (BC) have a different clinical therapeutic responsiveness according to estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, the relationship with androgen receptors (AR), which are the same family of steroid hormones, is poorly understood. We investigated the relationship between AR expression in HER2 BCs and therapeutic responsiveness and prognosis in this study.

Methods: We evaluated patients with HER2 (H) + invasive BC undergoing surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (± HER2-targeted therapies) from 2007-2017, classified as hormone receptor-positive (Allred score: 2-8) (luminal B: LH) and receptor-negative groups (Allred: score 0) (non-luminal: NLH).

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon.

Reduction of threading dislocation density (TDD) in epitaxial germanium (Ge) on silicon (Si) has been one of the most important challenges for the realization of monolithically integrated photonics circuits. The present paper describes methods of theoretical calculation and experimental verification of a novel model for the reduction of TDD. The method of theoretical calculation describes the bending of threading dislocations (TDs) based on the interaction of TDs and non-planar growth surfaces of selective epitaxial growth (SEG) in terms of dislocation image force.

Proximal junctional fracture and kyphosis after long spinopelvic corrective fixation for adult spinal deformity.

Background: Proximal junctional fractures (PJFx) are the main cause for proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK), a complication of adult spinal deformity surgery. This study investigated risk factors for PJFx when performing long spinopelvic corrective fixation with lateral interbody fusion from T9 to ilium.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 43 patients with a minimum follow-up of 2 years.

Comparison of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Microendoscopic Muscle-preserving Interlaminar Decompression for Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis With >5-Year Follow-up.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected observational multicenter data.

Objective: To compare the clinical results and rates of revision surgery after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and microendoscopic muscle-preserving interlaminar decompression (ME-MILD) in patients with single-level, mild degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) and follow-up of at least 5 years.

Summary Of Background Data: Surgery for symptomatic DLS remains controversial.

Hydrocephalus after foramen magnum decompression for Chiari I malformation successfully treated with the aspiration of pseudomeningocele: a case report.

Background: Pseudomeningocele or cerebrospinal fluid leakage is one of the most common complications of foramen magnum decompression with duraplasty for Chiari I malformation. Usually, cerebrospinal fluid leakage is treated with lumbar drainage and/or secondary suture. However, if hydrocephalus occurs, spinal drainage may cause brain herniation.

Activities of daily living and patient satisfaction after long fusion for adult spinal deformity: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Spinal instrumented arthrodesis improves health-related quality of life (HRQOL), although mobility is impaired. This study evaluates activities of daily livings after thoracolumbosacroiliac arthrodesis for adult spinal deformity and patient satisfaction.

Methods: Fifty patients who underwent surgery filled self-administered questionnaires (1-year preoperative and postoperative conditions), and 36 patients (3 men and 33 women; mean age 71.

Integrated contrast-transfer-function for aberration-corrected phase-contrast STEM.

We describe the optical conditions that are essentially necessary for phase-contrast imaging with aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), whose depth of field has reached almost comparable to the specimen thickness. For such state-of-the-art STEM, contrast-transfer-function (CTF) should be defined not solely for the projected potential but multiply for each wavefront during the beam propagation across the specimen thickness; an integration of multiple CTFs (iCTF). We show that the iCTF concept explains fairly well characteristic annular-bright-field (ABF) imaging behaviors of heavy/light atom sites against the defocus changes, and also provide notable concerns on possible artifacts that arise from different imaging-depth dependences between the heavy/light atom sites.

[Dissecting Aneurysm of the Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Formed the Out Pouch during Long-term Follow-up:A Case Report].

A 40-year-old man with a rare case of dissecting aneurysm of the distal middle cerebral artery(MCA, M2 segment)presented with ischemic stroke, manifesting as headache, nausea, and visual disorder. Computed tomography(CT)scan revealed cerebral infarction, and three-dimensional CT angiogram revealed stenotic change at the M2 segment. The patient was conservatively treated and remained neurologically stable.

Probing Single Pt Atoms in Complex Intermetallic AlFe.

The atomic structure of a 0.2 atom % Pt-doped complex metallic alloy, monoclinic AlFe, was investigated using a single crystal prepared by the Czochralski method. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy showed that the Pt atoms were dispersed as single atoms and substituted at Fe sites in AlFe.

Sacroiliac joint pain after multiple-segment lumbar fusion: a long-term observational study-Non-fused sacrum vs. fused sacrum.

Introduction: Sacroiliac joint pain (SIJP) after lumbar fusion surgery has recently gained attention as a source of low back pain after lumbar fusion. There are two risk factors for postoperative SIJP, i.e.