Posterior Interosseous Neuropathy with Peripheral Dystonia: A Case Report.

Background: Posterior interosseous neuropathy is an uncommon cause of peripheral dystonia.

Case Report: A 62-year-old man awakened and noticed right finger drop. A neurological examination revealed posterior interosseous neuropathy with dystonia-like finger movements.

Hand-foot synkinesis in a patient with phenytoin intoxication.

Here we report the first case of phenytoin intoxication that was closely associated with hand-foot synkinesis. This case suggests a close association between cerebellar dysfunction and hand-foot synkinesis. In patients with hand-foot synkinesis, lesions of not only the secondary motor areas but also the cerebellum should be considered.

Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis Associated with Meningeal Carcinomatosis from Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Cranial neuropathy is a clinical manifestation of meningeal carcinomatosis (MC); however, the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves are rarely impaired. Therefore, dysphagia and bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) are extremely rare manifestations of MC. Here, we present a case of MC from a lung adenocarcinoma presenting with dysphagia and BVCP.

A case of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy following COVID-19 vaccine.

We report a 44-year-old woman who presented with bilateral weakness of the hands and distal paresthesia of the arms on the next day of the second COVID-19 vaccine, and gradually progressed ascending weakness of the arms and legs, and sensory ataxia beyond 2 months. She was diagnosed as a chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) following COVID-19 vaccine on the basis of clinical and electrophysiological findings. This is a first case diagnosed as a CIDP following COVID-19 vaccine alone.

Clinical investigation in non-liver cirrhosis portosystemic shunt encephalopathy-four case series.

We reported here four cases presenting with disturbance of consciousness over long periods of time and hyperammonemia. Two patients were on maintenance hemodialysis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of abdomen and balloon-occluded retrograde contrast venography revealed existence of a non-cirrhotic portosystemic shunt.

Occipital Neuralgia Secondary to C2 Spinal Cord Infarction.

We herein report the first case of occipital neuralgia secondary to spinal cord infarction. A 74-year-old woman suddenly developed numbness and dysmetria in her right arm. Two days later, she developed a paroxysmal shooting pain in the right posterior part of the scalp three to five times per day.

Index finger pointing posture in a patient with drug-induced foot tremor.

A 41-year-old woman who had been taking paroxetine began taking tramadol for bilateral ankle pain. A few days later, the patient presented acutely with both feet tremors. During a mental arithmetic task, index-finger pointing posture briefly appeared on the left side.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome after a Variety of Combined Chemotherapies Containing Bevacizumab for Metastatic Colon Cancer.

A 44-year-old woman with advanced metastatic colon cancer received chemotherapies comprising oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX), irinotecan hydrochloride, leucovorin calcium and fluorouracil irinotecan (FOLFIRI)/panitumumab and mFOLFOX6/bevacizumab. Fifteen months later, she presented with the acute onset of a headache, drowsiness and seizure with a fever and hypertension. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated bilateral regions of signal hyperintensity in the white matter with spasms of bilateral cerebral arteries apparent on magnetic resonance angiography.

Comparison of effects of valsartan and amlodipine on cognitive functions and auditory p300 event-related potentials in elderly hypertensive patients.

Objective: We compared the antihypertensive effect of valsartan (VAL) and amlodipine (AML) treatments in elderly hypertensive patients by examining the long-term changes in cognitive function and auditory P300 event-related potentials.

Methods: We enrolled 20 outpatients, including 12 men and 8 women in the age group of 56 to 81 years who had mild to moderate essential hypertension. The subjects were randomly allocated to receive either 80 mg VAL once a day (10 patients) or 5 mg AML once a day (10 patients).

Longitudinal study on MRI intensity changes of Machado-Joseph disease: correlation between MRI findings and neuropathological changes.

To disclose the neuropathological progression course of Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of six genetically confirmed MJD cases (four males and two females, including an autopsied female, all unrelated to one another) were further investigated on neurodegeneration. Brain MRI studies were repeated in all cases at different stages of the disease. Ages at the first MRI study ranged from 47 to 65 years (55.

[Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome associated with pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and circulating anti-P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibody].

We report a 64-year-old man diagnosed with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) associated with pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. Circulating anti-P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antibody was detected, and the patient was treated with 3,4-diaminopyridine. At age 61, chest radiograph revealed a tumor shadow in the right upper lung field.

Analysis of DNA variations in promoter region of HCNP gene with Alzheimer's disease.

Hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP), which enhances acetylcholine synthesis and induces cholinergic phenotype development of the septohippocampal system, is derived from HCNP precursor protein (HCNPpp), also known as phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein (PEBP) and Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP). Our previous study demonstrated that expression of HCNPpp mRNA was decreased in the hippocampi of autopsied brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, indicating the association of HCNP with the pathogenesis of AD. To clarify the involvement of gene variations in the promoter region of the gene encoding HCNPpp in this mRNA reduction, we analyzed DNA polymorphisms or mutations within this gene promoter region in AD patients by direct sequencing.

Effects of ascorbic acid on ambulatory blood pressure in elderly patients with refractory hypertension.

The increased production of reactive oxygen species plays a role in the etiology of hypertension, but the effects of antioxidants on blood pressure are controversial. However, antioxidants possibly lower blood pressure in elderly patients with hypertension, because vascular aging is also closely related to oxidative stress. Effects of chronic treatment with ascorbic acid (CAS 50-81-7; 600 mg/day for 6 months) on blood pressure and levels of C-reactive protein, 8-isoprostane, and malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoproteins were examined in elderly patients (n = 12, six males/six females, age 78.

Cognitive event-related potentials: useful clinical information in Alzheimer's disease.

Cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) have been used as a marker of cognitive function in patients with psychiatric and neurological disorders. In particular, the P300 potential has been widely utilized to study dementia and aging, because the P300 ERP component is easily observed and reflects attention and memory processing. However, the relationship between parameters of the P300 potential and the severity or type of cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains controversial.

[A case of cavernous sinus cavernous hemangioma presenting with cavernous sinus syndrome].

The authors report an unusual case of a 50-year-old woman presenting with cavernous sinus syndrome, who had a cavernous sinus cavernous hemangioma (CSCH). The acute onset of her symptoms including pain of the right eye, blephaloptosis of the right eye, diplopia, and sensory disturbance of the right face was similar to those of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography showed a tumor in the right cavernous sinus.

Long-term effects of donepezil on P300 auditory event-related potentials in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

The P300, one of the cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) of the cerebral cortex, reflects the functioning of the neurochemical system involved in cognitive processes. We investigated clinical significance of the components of auditory P300 ERPs, in comparison with neuropsychologic tests including the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Japanese version of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-J cog), for evaluating of the effect of donepezil (DPZ) (5 mg daily for 6 months), an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Reduction of P300 latency associated with a parallel improvement of ADAS-J cog scores was observed after administration of 5 mg/day of DPZ in patients with AD.