Towards the Pharmacological Validation and Phytochemical Profiling of the Decoction and Maceration of (L.) Lam.-A Traditionally Used Medicinal Halophyte.

Decoctions (leaves and roots) of (L.) Lam. are traditionally used against diabetes in many countries, including Mauritius.

Effectiveness of Three Agents in Pulpotomy Treatment of Permanent Molars with Incomplete Root Development: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare, radiographically and clinically, the impacts of calcium-silicate based-cement (CSBC), nano-hydroxyapatite and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as pulpotomy agents in permanent immature molars with incomplete root development. Sixty-three participants (63 permanent immature molars) were included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into three equal groups.

Disinfection Procedures and Their Effect on the Microorganism Colonization of Dental Impression Materials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Studies.

Dental impressions are contaminated with potentially pathogenic microorganisms when they come into contact with patient blood, saliva, and plaque. Numerous disinfectants are used; however, no sole disinfectant can be designated as universal for all the impression materials. Thus, the aim of this study is to systemically review the literature to evaluate the effect of the existing disinfection procedures on the bacterial colonization of dental impression materials.

Enhanced Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity, Larvicidal, and Repellence Activities of Brown Algae, -Mediated Green Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles.

Herein, the metabolites secreted by brown algae, , were used as biocatalyst for green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs). The fabricated MgO-NPs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy linked with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Data showed successful formation of crystallographic and spherical MgO-NPs with sizes of 3-18 nm at a maximum surface plasmon resonance of 320 nm.

Nano-targeting vascular remodeling in cancer: Recent developments and future directions.

Tumor growth and progression are strictly dependent on the adequate blood supply of oxygen and nutrients. The formation of new blood vessels and vascular networks is essential to ensure this demand. Blood vessels also facilitate the invasion of cancer cells into nearby tissues and their subsequent metastasis.

Synthesis and characterization of new functionalized chitosan and its antimicrobial and in-vitro release behavior from topical gel.

Recently, chitosan and its derivatives have been gaining more attention due to their high integration into various biomedical applications. Herein, a new chitosan derivative was prepared by linking the chitosan (Cs) with a novel heterocyclic compound, Benzoimidazolyl-thiadiazole (BzimTD) to form Cs-BzimTD. The synthesis of the new chitosan derivative was confirmed by Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR), thermogravimetric (TGA-DTG) analysis, elemental analysis, and UV-Visible spectrophotometer.

Antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-obesity effects of phenylthio-ethyl benzoate derivatives, and molecular docking study regarding α-amylase enzyme.

In addition to their wide therapeutic application, benzoates and benzoic acid derivatives are the most commonly utilized food preservatives. The purpose of this study was to estimate the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity activities of four 2-(phenylthio)-ethyl benzoate derivatives utilizing standard biomedical assays. The results revealed that the 2a compound has potent antidiabetic activity through the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glycosidase with IC doses of 3.

NADPH-derived ROS generation drives fibrosis and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in systemic sclerosis: Potential cross talk with circulating miRNAs.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an immune disorder characterized by diffuse fibrosis and vascular abnormalities of the affected organs. Although the etiopathology of this disease is largely unknown, endothelial damage and oxidative stress appear implicated in its initiation and maintenance. Here, we show for the first time that circulating factors present in SSc sera increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, collagen synthesis, and proliferation of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs).

Glycomic and Glycoproteomic Techniques in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Neurotrauma: Towards Personalized Markers.

The proteome represents all the proteins expressed by a genome, a cell, a tissue, or an organism at any given time under defined physiological or pathological circumstances. Proteomic analysis has provided unparalleled opportunities for the discovery of expression patterns of proteins in a biological system, yielding precise and inclusive data about the system. Advances in the proteomics field opened the door to wider knowledge of the mechanisms underlying various post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, including glycosylation.

Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in cancer: ROS-mediated mechanisms.

Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play contradicting roles in cancer incidence and progression. Antioxidants have attracted attention as emerging therapeutic agents.

Targeting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy by galangin mitigates cadmium-induced renal damage: Role of SIRT1/Nrf2 and AMPK/mTOR pathways.

Background: Galangin, a bioactive flavonoid with remarkable antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions, has demonstrated promising amelioration of experimental hepatotoxicity, cardiomyopathy, and colitis. Yet, its impact on cadmium-induced renal injury has not been explored. Herein, we aimed at exploring the potential of galangin to attenuate cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, focusing on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy.

A randomized comparative study of the effect of two different flow rates of carboxytherapy in the treatment of infraorbital dark circles.

Background: Carboxytherapy is a minimally invasive, relatively safe modality that has been used for the treatment of dark circles; however, different flow rates and different injection techniques have been described in the literature.

Aim: To study the effect of the flow rate on the therapeutic outcome of carboxytherapy in infraorbital dark circles.

Methods: Eighty patients with infraorbital dark circles were divided into two equal groups: Group A received carboxytherapy at a flow rate of 30 ml/min, and group B received carboxytherapy at a flow rate of 60 ml/min.

Targeting inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis by troxerutin attenuates methotrexate-induced renal injury in rats.

Background: Troxerutin, a bioflavonoid with marked immune-modulatory and antioxidant features, has been proven to ameliorate experimental cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and neurodegeneration. However, its impact on methotrexate (MTX)-induced nephrotoxicity has not been investigated. In the current work, we aimed to investigate the potential of troxerutin to combat MTX-triggered renal injury, exploring immune cell infiltration, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis, with emphasis on the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.

Does Multi-Fiber-Reinforced Composite-Post Influence the Filling Ability and the Bond Strength in Root Canal?

The purpose of the present in vitro study was to investigate the bond strength of root canal dentin and the filling ability of a new multi-fiber-reinforced composite post (mFRC) compared to a conventional single fiber-reinforced-composite post (sFRC). Twenty-eight freshly maxillary first permanent single-rooted premolars were instrumented and divided into groups ( = 14). Group 1: single-fiber-reinforced composite (sFRC), group 2: multi-fiber-reinforced composite (mFRC).

Modulation of Neuro-Inflammatory Signals in Microglia by Plasma Prekallikrein and Neuronal Cell Debris.

Microglia, the resident phagocytes of the central nervous system and one of the key modulators of the innate immune system, have been shown to play a major role in brain insults. Upon activation in response to neuroinflammation, microglia promote the release of inflammatory mediators as well as promote phagocytosis. Plasma prekallikrein (PKall) has been recently implicated as a mediator of neuroinflammation; nevertheless, its role in mediating microglial activation has not been investigated yet.

Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients with Inflammatory Skin Diseases Using Skindex-16: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study.

Inflammatory skin diseases are highly prevalent, yet their impacts on patients' quality of life (QoL) are not addressed. In this cross-sectional study, the Arabic version of Skindex-16 was used to evaluate the symptomatic, emotional, and functional distress of patients with inflammatory skin disorders attending several outpatient dermatology clinics in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Patients with ≥50% of the symptoms score, ≥50% of the emotions score, and ≥33% of the functioning score were considered having poor QoL.

Nox, Nox, Are You There? The Role of NADPH Oxidases in the Peripheral Nervous System.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to multiple aspects of peripheral nervous system (PNS) biology ranging from physiological processes (, axonal outgrowth and regeneration) to pathophysiology (, nerve degeneration). Although ROS are derived from multiple sources, NADPH oxidase (Nox) family members are dedicated to ROS generation. Noxs are expressed in the PNS, and their overexpression is associated with detrimental effects on nerve function and contributes, at least in part, to peripheral neuropathies.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) by and Their Activity against Pathogenic Microbes and Common House Mosquito, .

The synthesis of nanoparticles by green approaches is gaining unique importance due to its low cost, biocompatibility, high productivity, and purity, and being environmentally friendly. Herein, biomass filtrate of isolated from mangrove rhizosphere sediment was used for the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The bacterial isolate was identified based on morphological, physiological, and 16S rRNA.

Beta-Caryophyllene Exhibits Anti-Proliferative Effects through Apoptosis Induction and Cell Cycle Modulation in Multiple Myeloma Cells.

Cannabinoid receptors, which are widely distributed in the body, have been considered as possible pharmacological targets for the management of several tumors. Cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2Rs) belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family and are mainly expressed in hematopoietic and immune cells, such as B-cells, T-cells, and macrophages; thus, CB2R activation might be useful for treating cancers affecting plasma cells, such as multiple myeloma (MM). Previous studies have shown that CB2R stimulation may have anti-proliferative effects; therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore the antitumor effect of beta-caryophyllene (BCP), a CB2R agonist, in an in vitro model of MM.

Isolation, identification, and antimycotic activity of plumbagin from Plumbago europaea L. roots, leaves and stems.

Plumbago europaea L. is a plant utilized in Palestinian ethnomedicine for the treatment of various dermatological diseases. The current investigation was designed to isolate plumbagin from P.

Retraction: Samaha et al. Effects of a Single Dose of Ivermectin on Viral and Clinical Outcomes in Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infected Subjects: A Pilot Clinical Trial in Lebanon. 2021, , 989.

The journal retracts the article, Effects of a Single Dose of Ivermectin on Viral and Clinical Outcomes in Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infected Subjects: A Pilot Clinical Trial in Lebanon [...

COVID-19 outcomes among pregnant and nonpregnant women at reproductive age in Egypt.

Background: To describe demographic, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pregnant and nonpregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 at reproductive age and determine risk factors of COVID-19 severe outcomes during pregnancy.

Methods: A retrospective study for females aged 18-49 with confirmed COVID-19 by RT-PCR in Egypt, February-July 2020. Data were obtained from Egypt National Surveillance, bivariate and multivariate analysis for demographic and clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 between pregnant and nonpregnant women including ICU admission, need for ventilator and death was performed.

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Impact of Early Metabolic Impairment: Interplay between Dysbiosis and Adipose Inflammation.

The evolving view of gut microbiota has shifted toward describing the colonic flora as a dynamic organ in continuous interaction with systemic physiologic processes. Alterations of the normal gut bacterial profile, known as dysbiosis, has been linked to a wide array of pathologies. Of particular interest is the cardiovascular-metabolic disease continuum originating from positive energy intake and high-fat diets.

Efficacy of narrow band UVB with or without OMP in stabilization of vitiligo activity in skin photo-types (III-V): A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective, multicenter study.

Background: NB-UVB has long been the vitiligo management pillar with capability of achieving the main treatment outcomes; repigmentation and stabilization. Its stabilizing effect in dark skin has been debatable. However, randomized controlled trials regarding NB-UVB ability to control disease activity are lacking.

Efficacy and safety of imeglimin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background And Aim: Imeglimin is a novel tetrahydrotriazine-containing drug suggested as a safe drug for glycemic management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to 1) evaluate the efficacy of imeglimin on glycemic control and insulin resistance improvement measured by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). 2) assess whether the novel drug improves lipid parameters in diabetic patients.