Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: The Apolipoprotein-E (APOE) ε4 gene variant is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's Disease, but is not entirely predictive. Emerging evidence suggests environmental factors contribute to disease etiology, with epidemiological studies associating pesticide exposure with lower cognitive scores. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a pesticide used extensively in the US until 1972, persists in trace amounts due to its long half-life, bioaccumulation, and existing dumpsites.

Ganoderic acid a potential protective impact on bleomycin (BLM) -induced lung fibrosis in albino mice: Targeting caveolin 1/TGF-β/ Smad and P38MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Bleomycin (BLM), an anticancer medication, can exacerbate pulmonary fibrosis by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and antioxidant properties are exhibited by ganoderic acid A (GAA).

Aim: So, we aim to assess GAA's protective impact on lung fibrosis induced via BLM.

Dynamic arithmetic optimization algorithm control of distributed generations for demand balancing and enhancing power quality of unbalanced distribution systems.

Unbalanced power systems cause transformers and generators to overheat, system losses to climb, and protective devices to trigger. An optimization-based control technique for distributed generators (DG) balances demand and improves power quality in three imbalanced distribution systems with 10, 13, and 37 nodes. Each system phase has its own DG.

Comparison of genotyping assays for detection of targeted CRISPR/Cas mutagenesis in highly polyploid sugarcane.

Sugarcane ( spp.) is an important biofuel feedstock and a leading source of global table sugar. hybrid cultivars are highly polyploid (2n = 100-130), containing large numbers of functionally redundant hom(e)ologs in their genomes.

Targeting GSK-3β for adipose dysfunction and cardiovascular complications of metabolic disease: An entangled WNT/β-catenin question.

Individuals with metabolic syndrome have a high risk of developing cardiovascular disorders that is closely tied to visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, as well as an altered interaction between adipose tissue and the cardiovascular system. In metabolic syndrome, adipose tissue dysfunction is associated with increased hypertrophy, reduced vascularization, and hypoxia of adipocytes, leading to a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory environment. Among the pathways regulating adipose tissue homeostasis is the wingless-type mammary tumor virus integration site family (Wnt) signaling pathway, with both its canonical and non-canonical arms.

Behçet's disease and factor V Leiden: A thrombogenic synergy causing budd-chiari syndrome.

Behçet's Disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder that can lead to severe vascular complications, including Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS), a rare but life-threatening condition characterized by hepatic vein obstruction. The co-occurrence of BD and inherited thrombophilia, such as Factor V Leiden mutation, significantly increases the risk of thrombosis, complicating the clinical management of affected individuals. In this case, a 16-year-old female initially presented with nonspecific symptoms of generalized fatigue and bone pain, which later progressed to abdominal distension and significant hepatosplenomegaly.

Effectiveness and tolerability of cenobamate: A single center experience.

Introduction: Medication-resistant epilepsy (MRE) is characterized by the failure of adequate trials of two antiseizure medications (ASMs). Numerous studies have shown that once two ASMs fail to control seizures, the likelihood of subsequent ASM regimens providing seizure control diminishes significantly. Recent clinical data on cenobamate (CNB) suggest it may offer higher rates of seizure freedom in MRE patients.

Incidental finding of hepatic pseudolesion from aberrant right gastric vein in a breast cancer patient.

Aberrant right gastric veins (ARGV) represent rare anatomical variations that can result in hepatic pseudolesions, mimicking malignancies due to their atypical drainage directly into the liver parenchyma. This case highlights a 44-year-old woman initially presenting with a breast mass incidentally found to have an ARGV-related pseudolesion in hepatic segment IVa. ARGV is clinically significant as it can alter hepatic blood flow dynamics, leading to hyperdense or hypodense regions on imaging.

Effect of statins on arterial wall inflammation as assessed by 18F-FDG PET CT: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is largely mediated by inflammatory process. Statins are lipid-lowering drugs which also have anti-inflammatory effects. 18 fluorine radiolabeled fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is considered to be a good indicator of arterial wall inflammation.

Genetic polymorphisms influencing antihypertensive drug responses.

Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and its associated morbidity and mortality. The low efficacy observed with some anti-hypertensive therapies has been attributed partly to inter-individual genetic variability. This paper reviews the major findings regarding these genetic variabilities that modulate responses to anti-hypertensive therapies such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and β-adrenoceptor blockers.

A large vaginal stone on top of ureteric stent migration through a poucho-vaginal fistula after radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder reconstruction - A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Orthotopic neobladder reconstruction may be associated with complications such as neobladder-vaginal fistula (NVF) and uretero-ileal anastomotic stricture which are often managed using stents, though these can be prone to migration.

Case Presentation: We present a 69-year-old lady with a surgical history of radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder that was complicated by a left ureteric stricture and poucho-vaginal fistula for which she underwent a left ureteric stent and bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) insertions after which she lost to follow-up. The patient later presented to our center with a right subcostal anterior abdominal wall desmoid tumor for which she underwent wide local excision.

Auricular Hematomas in a High-Volume Trauma Population: A Retrospective Review.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Objective: Auricular hematomas are generally associated with sports-related injuries, with studies predominantly in white populations and high neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) compared to our county. A previous population-based study of trauma patients in our county, Shelby County, Tennessee, shows that those who live in high vs low NSES experienced socioeconomic variation in injury.

Assessment of PPMV-1 Genotype VI Virulence in Pigeons and Chickens and Protective Effectiveness of Paramyxovirus Vaccines in Pigeons.

Pigeon paramyxovirus serotype 1 (PPMV-1), an antigenic and host variant of avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV), primarily originating from racing pigeons, has become a global panzootic. Egypt uses both inactivated PPMV-1 and conventional NDV vaccines to protect pigeons from disease and mortality. However, the impact of prevalent strains and the effectiveness of available vaccines in pigeons in Egypt are unclear.

Revisiting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in cardiovascular disease: Is too much of a good thing always a good thing?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be a leading cause of global mortality and morbidity. Various established risk factors are linked to CVD, and modifying these risk factors is fundamental in CVD management. Clinical studies underscore the association between dyslipidemia and CVD, and therapeutic interventions that target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol elicit clear benefits.

Effects of dietary curcumin on gene expression: An analysis of transcriptomic data in mice.

Background: Curcumin, a ubiquitous polyphenol in turmeric, possesses many anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. These therapeutic effects are largely resultant of curcumin's ability to modulate global gene expression. Bioinformatics-based approaches for analyzing differential gene expression are effective tools in gaining a more profound understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action.

Flavonoids, gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease: Dynamics and interplay.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Extensive efforts have been invested to explicate mechanisms implicated in the onset and progression of CVD. Besides the usual suspects as risk factors (obesity, diabetes, and others), the gut microbiome has emerged as a prominent and essential factor in the pathogenesis of CVD.

3D self-assembled polar . non-polar NiO nanoparticles nanoengineered from turbostratic Ni(OH)(NO) and ordered β-Ni(OH) intermediates.

A surfactant-free ammonia and carbamide precursor-modulated engineering of self-assembled flower-like 3D NiO nanostructures based on ordered β-Ni(OH) and turbostratic Ni(OH)(NO) nanoplate-structured intermediates is reported. By employing complementary structural and spectroscopic techniques, fundamental insights into structural and chemical transformations from intermediates to NiO nanoparticles (NPs) are provided. FTIR, Raman and DSC analyses show that the transformation of intermediates to NiO NPs involves subsequent loss of NO and OH species through a double-step phase transformation at 306 and 326 °C corresponding to the loss of free interlayer ions and HO species, respectively, followed by the loss of chemically bonded OH and NO ions.

Integrative bioinformatic and experimental analysis of benzoylbenzodioxol derivatives: hypoglycemic potential in diabetic mice.

We investigated the hypoglycemic activity and pharmacokinetic study of two synthesized benzoyl benzodioxol derivatives, compound I (methyl 2-(6-(2-bromobenzoyl)benzo[][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)acetate), and compound II, 2-(6-benzoylbenzo[][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)acetic acid, which showed very strong α-amylase inhibiting activity in our previous study. Then, diabetes was induced by the injection of streptozotocin to mice. The molecular docking simulations and analyses of density functional theory analyses were conducted to study the binding interactions with human pancreatic alpha-amylase, and their pharmacokinetic properties were further evaluated by ADMET profiling.

The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on PAI-1 Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of bariatric surgery on circulating PAI-1. The meta-analysis was provided by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) V4 software. Meta-analysis of 33 studies showed a significant decrease in circulating PAI-1 after bariatric surgery (p < 0.

: A Comprehensive Review of Its Botanical Characteristics, Traditional Uses, Phytochemical Profile, and Potential Health Benefits.

, commonly known as pompia, is a distinctive citrus ecotype native to Sardinia, notable for its unique botanical, phytochemical, and potential health benefits. It holds cultural significance as a traditional food product of Sardinia, recognized by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural Food and Forestry Policies. This comprehensive review examines pompia's traditional uses, taxonomic classification, pomological characteristics, phytochemical profile, and potential health benefits.

The differential expression of adipose tissue genes in short, medium and long-term periods after bariatric surgery.

Bariatric surgery is an approved treatment for obesity that consistently improves metabolic syndrome, with well-documented beneficial effects on dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we determined the differential expression genes in three periods after bariatric surgery: short-term (4-months), medium-term (1- and 2-years), and long-term (5-years) periods. Two microarray profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.